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Media has positive effects on people. There have been many researches to figure out how media affect to the public. Among many media effects, media violence is one of the most serious controversies. Several studies found that the increasing presence of violence in the media promotes and encourages violence of the public and teenagers are affected to by media violence. However, those who do not admit that media effect to the public assert that the viewers have ability to filter violent contents. Despite of the opposition that media have no effects on people, the U.S. government has restricted access to violent contents in the manner of age limits. However, because of the development of file-sharing program online, which is known as P2P, the …show more content…
restriction becomes meaningless and it made easier for people to download violent video contents regardless of the age limit. As a result, it could have a negative influence on teenagers who need more character growth. More seriously, continuous exposure to media violence from childhood will reduce resistance toward the violent contents and let them seek more stimulating contents. One important point is relationship between mass media and the public who have exposed to violent contents consistently. Mass media is a culture which is produced by the media and consumed by the public. In other words, culture is made by reflecting public’s needs and satisfaction, and the media should these aspects because those who produce media also need economic profits. Therefore, the more exposure to the media violence of those who contact violent contents results in the more aggressive behaviors and tendencies Violent contents in the media lead to or cause aggressive behavior because people who exposed to the contents learn similar behaviors from the media.
To explain this concept, social cognitive and social learning theories are needed. According to these theories, people learn not only from their own actions, but also from the environment. For example, the child tends to follow and show analogous behavior with their parents. Likewise, media can provide information when we organize our perceptions of reality. Albert Bandura, who is a pioneer of the theory, he published Bobo dolls study in 1963 to determine if watching aggressive action on film caused the children to imitate the behavior displayed by the film characters in real-life situations (Albert, Dorothea, and Shella A. 1963). He made the child watch how the adult treat the Bobo doll. The adult showed aggressive behavior and used verbally aggressive phrases. They punched, kicked, sit on it, and threw down on the floor. After showing these behaviors, they left the laboratory. The result was that the children, who left in the laboratory alone, showed exactly same aggressive behaviors with the adult. The experiment means that the child observe what other do, save it in memory and imitate the behavior that what they watched. In other words, media can be one of a model that the children follow as if they act like the adult after watching their aggressive
behavior.
One example of the “Social Learning Theory” is the Bobo doll experiment conducted by Albert Bandura in 1961. In this experiment children were either exposed to an adult exhibiting aggressive behavior or non-aggressive behavior towards the doll. When it came time for the children to interact with the doll, the children who were exposed to aggressive behavior were more likely to exhibit aggressive behavior (Nolen, n.d.).
Gina Marchetti, in her essay "Action-Adventure as Ideology," argues that action- adventure films implicitly convey complex cultural messages regarding American values and the "white American status quo." She continues to say that all action-adventure movies have the same basic structure, including plot, theme, characterization, and iconography. As ideology, this film genre tacitly expresses social norms, values, and morals of its time. Marchetti's essay, written in 1989, applies to films such as Raiders of the Lost Ark and Rambo: First Blood II. However, action-adventure films today seem to be straying farther away from her generalizations about structure, reflecting new and different cultural norms in America. This changing ideology is depicted best in Oliver Stone's Natural Born Killers (1994), which defies nearly every concept Marchetti proposes about action-adventure films; and it sets the stage for a whole new viewpoint of action in the '90's.
Basing their study across different sources, one being the influence of a film, a model (male and female). The children that participated in the study were those who attended the university nursery, it is vital to the study that the environment was an everyday place to the children this is what makes it ecologically valid. Continuing the study Bandura separated the children into groups of twenty - four. Making up a total of four groups. Each group observed different interaction group one saw a live model behaving aggressively to a blown up doll named bob, group two observed a film that showed the live model behaving aggressively towards Bobo, group three observed a film of a made up model behaving aggressively towards the doll and finally group four did not observe any aggressive behaviour towards the doll. The results showed the exposure to violent model did increase the amount of aggression shown by the children, however, the children that viewed the model on film, whether it be human or fantasy it made no difference to the levels of aggression showed by the children. Through the results it was also uncovered that the boys had shown more aggression that the girls. (Brace and Byford
Over the past century technology has evolved drastically. With all the newest technology, people have endless forms of entertainment. Twenty to Thirty years ago many children spent their time playing outside. Today, children and teenagers invest a lot of their time in television, films and video games, and rarely leave their bedrooms. Around, “46% of children have a television set in their bedroom,” ( Browne and Hamilton-Giachritsis 702). Those same children probably also have some sort of game system. Many of the television shows and films children watch and the video games children play contain some form of violence. Violence in the media can have many negative affects when younger audiences are exposed to them.
If you’ve ever seen children act a certain way because they witnessed someone else, then they are following the imitation and modeling theory. Albert Bandura tested the hypothesis that children would show aggression towards a Bobo doll if they viewed aggression on a film. Many factors were put into effect in this study, also.
“Someone just got shoot on the streets due to the violence in the media.” That is what some people are saying that violence in the media is the cause of that. The controversy of the effects that violence has on people has been going on for a long time. This paper is going to prove both sides of the controversy and let one decide which side is right.
Therefore as evidence lacks in supporting the desensitisation hypothesis it does not support the debate that the media has an effect on anti-social behaviour, showing that if media does have an influence it is due to another factor or something completely separate to the media. Another explanation of media influence on antisocial behaviour is observation learning. Bandura argues that television can shape the forms that aggressive behaviour takes.
Media is something used in our daily lives that we use for entertainment. The media ranges from music, movies, television shows, and video games. However there has been a lot of controversy over whether or not violent media links to violence in real life. Most people believe it is just used for entertainment, nothing else. Others believe, with the recent shootings and bombings, that the violent media links to theses events. Violence in media is just a risk factor that can cause aggressive behavior among observers. So to an extent, violent media does cause violence in real life; however, knowing the difference between reality and fantasy is also a factor.
Mass media is part of our daily lives, it is said that it can influence a person’s choice, view or behavior. An increase in violent crimes in our society, have led people to blame mass media violence due to the fact that it can increase violent and aggressive behavior which will eventually lead to them committing a violent crime. Even though there are many factors that may contribute to these types of behaviors, can mass media really be that influential on us? There have been researches done to see if there is any link between mass media violence and violence and aggressive behavior. For example, the study done by Professor Bushman of Ohio State University, found out that people who played violent video games for three consecutive days showed an increase in aggression and hostile behavior (Larsen). Now there are those who disagree that mass media violence can influence an individual to behave violently or aggressively. Joshua Quittner, the author of the article “ARE VIDEO GAMES REALLY SO BAD?”, says that he likes to play the bloodier games like Samurai-slashing Bushido Blade and Tekken 2. He says does not feel that these games have altered his behavior or have hurt him in any way, instead he says that these games help improve his reflexes.
This quote sums up my view on the media. It's a quote out of a
Violence is everywhere and in everything from what we see to what we hear. Today’s society has become acquainted with the violence in video games, tv shows, movies, and music since it is everywhere but many have become too attached to this violence and brought it to real life. Many assume that getting rid of this violence is essential to a more passive and peaceful society but there are more benefits to the portail of violence that society sees today and one of the most targeted of the four is video games even though it has a balevolent past.
Especially in teenage group this type of violence affect them and mostly time it leads to aggressive behavior. And some of the time media violence is main reason which involve teenager in criminal activities like domestic violence, harassment and street crime.(Strasburger;2004) states that media influence the people a lot, sometime in positive way and sometime in negative way. He further add that from past few years media is influence a people very much. People do the mostly things which they see on media. He further says if anyone see the violence in media than he/she apply that to their lives and many times its cause major issues like eating disorders, aggressions
By the time a child reaches the age of one, they see about 200,000 acts of violence on television. (Nakaya, 3). The Media has been becoming more and more violent over the years. A poll in an issue of Times Magazine, from 2005, showed that 66 percent of Americans think that there is an abundant amount of graphic acts of violence on televisions (Nakaya, 18). People are exposed to thousands of acts of violence through video games, television, and movies. Many studies show that media violence increases violent behavior in in humans. Studies show, violent video games, and graphic television have physiological effects on children. The government has very few regulations on media violence. Some people believe the government shouldn’t limit content because others might be insulted by its material. Media violence is such a broad topic and has such a large presence in daily lives, so we cannot simple get rid of it. The Federal Communications Commission stipulates, “By the time most children begin the third grade, they will have spent the equivalent of three school years in front of a television set.” Even though the government shouldn’t censor the media, Media violence is becoming a serious issue because it is becoming more violent, it makes people behave violently, and it has little regulations.
The effects of violence in the media that we see on a day-to-day basis affect us all. For most adults, we choose whether to act upon these effects or not. However, what about those who are exposed to this violence and who are not adults? What about our nation’s adolescents and youth? They do not have the mental capabilities of adults, what happens to them when they are exposed to such violence and they choose to act on their thoughts after exposure? These are just a few of the slew of questions that have been asked by psychologists over the years about media violence.
Media technologies are becoming an important aspect of today’s society. Each and every day, people interact with media of many different forms. Media is commonly defined as being a channel of communication. Radio, newspapers, and television are all examples of media. It is impossible to assume that media is made up of completely unbiased information and that the media companies do not impose their own control upon the information being supplied to media users. Since many people use media very frequently, it is obvious to assume that it has affects on people. According to the text book Media Now, "media effects are changes in knowledge, attitude, or behavior that result from exposure to the mass media," (386). This leaves us with many unanswered questions about media and its influences. This paper will look at how the effects of media are determined and explore the main affects on today’s society - violence, prejudice, and sexual behavior.