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Slavery and black oppression in the usa
Thurgood Marshalls impact on civil rights
Slavery and black oppression in the usa
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Did you know that to some people, Marshall Thurgood is considered more important than Martin Luther King Jr.? Many people never have even heard of Marshall Thurgood but he can be considered just as important as Martin Luther King Jr. While Martin Luther King was rallying African Americans and using Gandhi's peaceful tactics of marches against Whites, Marshall Thurgood was up in court battling any case that would discriminate African Americans. He changed many laws and policies such as the Plessy Vs Ferguson Case which is when 2 facilities can be separated by color as long as it is “Separate But Equal”(Fox 1). Marshall Thurgood played an important role in the legal battle against discrimination and fought for legal rights for African Americans …show more content…
While applying for college he met his first form of discrimination of being rejected from a college because of race. After high school he attended the Lincoln University college and soon after he went to the Howard University School of Law where he received his law degree. Marshall Thurgood has accomplished many achievements throughout his life and made many changes to society throughout it. Before his famous cases he became widely known for winning many cases on discrimination. According to an article he won twenty-nine out of thirty-two cases in courts .In the case of Plessy V Ferguson in 1869,judges ruled that two facilities are allowed to be segregated as long as they are equal, thus creating the term “Separate but Equal”(“Thurgood Marshall”). In 1953 Marshall was battling the Supreme court in the Brown vs Board of Education case, his landmark case.The Court’s decision resulted in an overturn of the Plessy Case phrase of "separate but equal," agreeing that students' self-esteem was harmed by the fact of segregation (Fox 1). Another famous case is the Browder Vs Gayle case. This case ended the segregation of buses all around the world. He won the case ending the Montgomery Boy Buscott. Due to these cases Marshall was widely support by African Americans and many political figures. This allowed him the honor of receiving a position in the supreme court. He was nominated by President Lyndon B Johnson making him the first African American on the Supreme Court (Daniels 1). Marshall Thurgood has achieved many achievements and changed
Many African Americans have contributed to the development of criminal justice field by their legal endeavors. One of these individuals is Thurgood Marshall, who played a role in desegregation in American public schools and became the first African American attorney to win a Supreme Court case. His major contributions in this field were mainly through his civil right activism while at NAACP. In particular, Marshall’s successful intervention in defending the three men involved in the Brown Supreme Court decision made him one of the greatest African American
He is famous for his renowned systematic study of technique which revolve around the philosophy of nonviolence. Today, he is recognized as on the the most famous leaders of the Civil rights movement. He successfully passed the voting act which helped nearly four million minority voters into the democratic process. This was a major milestone in history, as it was the first time African Americans were running for public office in the South and winning, since the Reconstruction era.
...to me it becomes clear that Martin Luther King jr. is the most effective activist during this time. I believe this because Martin Luther King jr. was the only one out of the three who wouldn't use force to achieve his goal of a world without racism. Rather he was a law - abiding preacher who used his words, rather than his actions to convey his message. In addition Martin Luther King jr. reached out to all ethnicities white and black because of his peace loving mentality. He wasn't about promoting one race, he was about uniting all races together, to live in a world of peace. If you were to look out to see who attended his rallies you would be able to see a diverse mix of cultures and ethnicities. Today Martin Luther King Jr.'s words still inspire us, as a society, to not be too quick to judge others by the color of their skin but who they are as a person.
Once he graduated from law school, Marshall attempted to establish his own practice but wasn’t able because he had no experience and failed to receive any cases. Thurgood then began working for the Baltimore Branch of the National Association the advancement of colored people in 1934. In one of his first cases Marshall defended Donald Murray. He was denied acceptance into University Of Maryland Law. Marshall and Charles Houston won Murray v. Pearson in January 1935. Marshall biggest case as lawyer was the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka.
Thurgood Marshall was one of the famous Supreme Court judges who had a huge impact on the justice department regarding the civil rights and the society in general. One of the notable quotes by Justice Marshall was that "power, not reason is the currency of this court decision making." This quote has a lot of implication regarding the civil rights, during the time Marshall had observed a change in the judicial system regarding composition to the judges (Vile, and Joseph 14). There was a transformation in the courts where senior judges had retired paving a way for younger justices. These changes also affected the perception and views of the justice, regarding civil rights. The shift from analysis
Nearly 60 years passed before the Supreme Court ruled, in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka , that the “separate but equal” doctrine had no place in public education. Two years later, in Gayle v. Browder , the Supreme Court struck down segregation in public transportation—the same kind of segregation upheld in Plessy. By then the South had built a social and legal system deeply rooted in racial segregation. It took numerous lawsuits, much federal legislation, and a concerted effort of civil rights protesters in the 1950s and 1960s to finally dismantle the system of segregation upheld by the Plessy ruling.
African Americans are fortunate to have leaders who fought for a difference in Black America. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X are two powerful men in particular who brought hope to blacks in the United States. Both preached the same message about Blacks having power and strength in the midst of all the hatred that surrounded them. Even though they shared the same dream of equality for their people, the tactics they implied to make these dreams a reality were very different. The background, environment and philosophy of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X were largely responsible for the distinctly varying responses to American racism.
Thurgood Marshall overcame discrimination by his dreams of going into the law field despite the racism surrounding him at that time. “Thurgood Marshall, the great-grandson of a slave, grew up in the South and experienced racism and discrimination firsthand” (Hitzeroth and Leon 9). Since he was raised in the South, a more racist part of the country, he was already experiencing racism at a young age. He could not shop in the same store, sit in the same section of the bus, or attend the same schools as white children and white people in general (Hitzeroth and Leon 9-10). Also, he was a cum laude honors student, but he was denied admission to the University Of Maryland Law School because of the color of his skin (Hitzeroth and Leon 10). Despite all of these events, he still chose to pursue a career in law. Part of this could be because his father taught him to respect the U.S. Constitution and the authority of law (Thurgood Marshall Biography). Also, “author John Egerton wrote in his book Speak Now Against the Day, ‘In courtrooms, black lawyers were exceedingly...
Thurgood Marshall was known in the NAACP’s Legal Defense as “Mr. Civil Rights,” because he fought many battles over segregation in the courts. Thurgood Marshall was surrounded by a team of brilliant lawyers, one in particular, Oliver Hill, from Virginia. Mr. Hill won many civil rights suits dealing with discrimination in education and wages. The civil rights movement included different groups with many priorities, all working toward the larger goal of social equality. The most highly educational law suit is Brown v. Board of Education. Oliver Brown sued the Topeka, Kansas, Board of Education to simply allow his own 8 year old daughter Linda attend a nearby school for whites only. Imagine every day walking by a school that have your grade level, riding a bus for miles to attend a school where only students of color must attend. On May 17, 1954, in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, and this is when the Supreme Court issued its historic ruling. It was Thurgood Marshall that spoke to reporters in New York City in 1955, after the Supreme Court ordered the desegregation of public schools. Marshall later became the first African American Supreme Court
In 1896, the Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court decision set that “separate” facilities for blacks, and whites was constitutional. With the Brown v. Board of Education decision, Plessy was overturned along with the separate but equal implementation. The Brown v. Board of Education case all started with African American children who were denied acceptance in white schools. In a PBS Article the author discusses how a case was filed against the Topeka Kansas school board by Oliver Brown. Alexander McBride states “Brown v. Board of Education was filed against the Topeka, Kansas school board by representative-plaintiff Oliver Brown, parent of one of the children denied access to Topeka 's white schools. Brow...
...ion system of Jim Crow, who had an even more profound and lasting effect on race relations than either of King or X” (WIlliams 1) Thurgood Marshall was a significant figure in America because he ended racial segregation which had a lasting effect and made America into what it is today. ”We make movies about Malcolm X, we get a holiday to honor Dr. Martin Luther King, but everyday we live with the legacy of Justice Thurgood Marshall.” (- A tribute to Thurgood Marshall) Although other Civil Rights leaders tried to end racial segregation the progress Thurgood Marshall’s made in the Civil Rights movement was the most significant in desegregating society and equalizing African Americans. All the accomplishments Thurgood Marshall made through the courts to help minorities in society have equal justice is what makes Thurgood the most significant figure in American history.
The next big step in the civil rights movement came in 1954, with the BROWN vs. BOARD OF EDUCATION OF TOPEKA case, where Thurgood Marshall, representing Brown, argued that segregation was against the 4th Amendment of the American constitution. The Supreme Court ruled, against President Eisenhower’s wishes, in favour of Brown, which set a precedent in education, that schools should no longer be segregated. This was the case which completely overturned the Jim Crow Laws by overturning Plessy vs. Ferguson.
“Separate is not equal.” In the case of Plessey vs. Ferguson in 1896 the U.S. Supreme Court said racial segregation didn’t violate the Constitution, so racial segregation became legal. In 1954 the case of Oliver Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka this case proved that separate is not equal. Oliver Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka was revolutionary to the education system, because colored people and Caucasians had segregated schools. The Caucasians received a better education and the colored people argued that they were separate but not equal. This would pave the way for integrated schools and change the education system as we knew it.
The Civil Rights Movement is one of the most important events of the history of the United States. Although many people contributed to this movement, Martin Luther King, Jr., is widely regarded as the leader of the movement for racial equality. Growing up in the Deep South, King saw the injustices of segregation first hand. King’s studies of Mahatma Ghandi teachings influenced his views on effective ways of protesting and achieving equality. Martin Luther King’s view on nonviolence and equality and his enormous effect on the citizens of America makes him the most influential person of the twentieth century.
Martin Luther King and Malcolm X were two of the most important people. in black history. With their struggle to make America view black. people as equals, their speeches were inspirational and always made. their message clear and clear.