Marine Environment: Marine Pollution And Protection Of The Marine Environment

2.1 Marine pollution and protection of marine environment

The control, reduction and elimination of marine pollution has become one of the major issues in the contemporary law of the sea and it has proved to be a complex task, requiring the creation of a new and growing body of international law. This process, though in certain respects still incomplete, has reached its potentially most significant stage of codification and development through the provisions of the Law of the Sea Convention of 1982.

The control of aquatic pollution has been identified as an immediate need for sustained management and conservation of the existing fisheries and aquatic resources, because scientific knowledge on marine pollution is patchy, knowledge gaps have been identified as one of the major problems in introducing effective management strategies for its control.

The marine spaces governed by the law of the sea must communicate freely and naturally with each other all over the world. This means that each marine space must be connected to another sea or the ocean by narrow outlet, normally a strait. Accordingly the law of the sea is not applicable to the Caspian Sea because it is separated from the ocean. It should also be

The Oxford English Dictionary defines pollution as “the action of polluting or conditions of being polluted, defilement, uncleanliness or impurity”. Understanding of marine pollution therefore requires an understanding of marine ecosystem. The marine ecosystem is composed of land, saline water and living things, in a two dimensional classification of water and bottom, the water mass is technically known as the pelagic zone and the land mass beneath it, the benthic Zone. Marine ecosystems are home to a host of different species ranging from tiny planktonic organisms to large marine mammals like the whales, manatees, and