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Tragic Flaw In Macbeth
Tragic Flaw In Macbeth
Literature as the mirror of society
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It has been said that Marilyn Monroe is likely to have committed suicide because of the overwhelming amount of broadcasting and media surrounding her. Marilyn Monroe’s popularity led to her death. This is similar to the effects of Macbeth’s popularity, in Shakespeare’s play Macbeth. His power pushes him past the point of humanity. The pressure from others both brought out the worst in these characters; The more power they had the more their tragic flaws became more prominent. A tragic flaw is a trait in a character leading to his downfall, and the character is often the hero of the literary piece. A character that may start as strong and confident can be lead to a terrible downfall because of tragic flaws that lead to tragic endings. A perfect example of this scenario is Macbeth. Macbeth’s weak character led him to have many tragic flaws. Macbeth’s characteristics of ambition, gullibleness, and self-doubt, ultimately lead to his own downfall proving that power corrupts mankind.
At the start of the play, Macbeth was promoted as Thane of Cawdor and Glamis. Once Macbeth hears from the witches he will be king, he becomes anxious and wants to it happen right away. He craves the power of being king and the thought of
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killing Duncan, so when he is confronted with the “evidence” that this could be a possibility, he is fueling with ambitions to complete the job. With addition to these ambitions, Lady Macbeth is whispers in his ear trying to persuade Macbeth to kill Duncan because of her own ambitions to be Queen. Lady Macbeth used Macbeth’s ambitions to manipulate him. Macbeth has a very weak character making him easily persuaded. Macbeth also has the ambition to want to prove himself manly enough to his wife. Lady Macbeth knows how she can influence Macbeth like this, and succeeds. Macbeth’s ambitions of proving himself manly and becoming king are a part of what ruin him as a person. He let his ambitions get in the way of rational thinking. Lady Macbeth is able to manipulate Macbeth into committing a crime he did not want to commit. During this time period manliness was seen as “being overpowering and overreaching, not patient and having no self-restraint” (Langis 1). It is able to tell Macbeth does not match the characteristics of “manly” (Langis 1). Lady Macbeth scares him to the point where he doesn’t speak up for himself. All of Macbeth’s ambitions are provoked by proving himself manly. Not only is Macbeth driven by these ambitions, he is also easily persuaded and has a tendency to be gullible. Aristotle once said, “The ambitious man . . . aiming at honour more than is right and from wrong sources." This explains how Macbeth’s need for power overrides his regard of right and wrong. Macbeth hallucinates and sees a dagger floating in the air and says, “The handle toward my hand? Come, let me clutch thee” (Shakespeare 2.1.43). Macbeth becomes infatuated with the thought of killing the king. He wants to grab and touch the dagger because it intrigues him. He wondered if killing the king was worth himself being king. He hesitates but then the dagger leads him to Duncan’s chamber where he uses the dagger to kill him. Throughout the play Macbeth had a susceptibility to be easily persuaded to believe or do something. After the second prophecy, becoming Thane of Cawdor, came true. Macbeth was convinced that the witches are right and he will be king. The witches took advantage of this tendency and were testing him to see what he would do. Lady Macbeth also played a vital role in taking advantage of his weaknesses. At the end of the first act Lady Macbeth says, “Does unmake you. I have given suck, and know How tender ’tis to love the babe that milks me. I would, while it was smiling in my face, Have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums And dashed the brains out, had I so sworn as you Have done to this” (Shakespeare 1.7.60-65). This quote from Macbeth is great for showing how heartless Lady Macbeth is toward her husband. Because of her own ambitions, Lady Macbeth makes her husband feel like a coward by telling him if she promised to kill her own child, she would because she promised him that. This is another reason Lady Macbeth was able to convince Macbeth to follow through with his idea. When Macbeth was given the second set of prophecies, he became confident.
The prophecies state he can not be harmed by anyone born of man, he should fear Macduff, and his downfall won’t come until the nearby forest comes against his castle. Macbeth did not question these prophecies because he has a weak sense of self, so his gullibleness blindly led him to believe the witches and have a false sense of confidence.. Macbeth recalls back to what the witches say and thinks about it. Unlike Macbeth’s “friend” Banquo who is curious about the witches, Macbeth is infatuated. Macbeth demands to know more after the first set of prophecies. Macbeth looks up to the witches and is excited about what they have to tell him when they reappear the second
time. Macbeth thinks he can never be harmed because it is impossible for the forest to come to him. He also knows to fear Macbeth so his first action is going to be killing Macduff. Macbeth hires people to kill Macduff but they are unsuccessful. Impulsively, Macduff’s family members were killed instead. Macbeth is doing everything he can to stay King. He does not want to lose the power just given to him. His actions were taken because he felt the need to protect himself from Macduff. The witches told him to fear Macduff therefore supporting the notion that Macbeth is foolish and gullible. Macbeth also has a lot of self doubt. Macbeth can decide whether to kill Duncan or not because he did not believe in himself. He thought he was a coward because Lady Macbeth told him that. Throughout the second half of the play, many things spiral out of control. Due to Macbeth’s actions, Scotland is in panic mode. People are basically waiting for the next person to be killed. When people start to discover Macbeth is the killer, Macduff and Malcolm start to create a plan to take him down. Macbeth acts frantic after the apparitions and ends up digging himself into a deeper hole. Ever since he became a murderer, he changed. This can be seen, after a scream sounds throughout the castle and Macbeth states, “I have almost forgot the taste of fears” (Shakespeare 5.5.?). Macbeth’s lack of fear is a developed characteristic that was not seen in the beginning of the play. Macbeth becomes heartless. This the effect that one of his tragic flaws, his self-doubt, had on him- a complete character change. Macbeth was hesitant about killing Duncan at first. He doubted himself and was not sure if he could pull off the deed. Lady Macbeth constantly calling him a coward increased his self-doubt and made him question himself. Macbeth is caught between being rational or appetitive, evaluating his virtue and self esteem.. In the beginning Macbeth questioned his decisions and then he became so involved he couldn’t even murder anymore. Macbeth hired people to murder for him because of the guilt and self doubt from killing Duncan. He knows he would not be able to kill all of these people by himself. He uses his power to his advantage. Macbeth’s self doubt and guilt played a major part in the demise of “the King hereafter” (Shakespeare 1.3.51). Macbeth changes drastically throughout the course of this play. At first Macbeth is viewed as a successful warrior who seems to have great leadership abilities. But, Macbeth d he slowly turns into a very different person when faced with the prophecy to be King. Macbeth transitions from a valiant warrior into a murderer starting with the murder of Duncan. Macbeth would not have committed the first murder if it was not for his gullibleness towards Lady Macbeth and the witches, his ambitions to be king and to prove himself manly and self doubt. Macbeth’s tragic flaws, of ambition, gullibleness, and self-doubt, ultimately lead to his own downfall proving that power corrupts mankind. Aristotle introduced the term “hamartia,” defining it as an error of judgment which ultimately brings about the tragic hero's downfall. Tragic heros are common throughout literature where the “hero” or main character’s personality traits and characteristics are the cause of the downfall. It has been said that Marilyn Monroe is likely to have committed suicide because of the overwhelming amount of broadcasting and media surrounding her. Marilyn Monroe’s popularity led to her death. This is similar to the effects of Macbeth’s popularity, in Shakespeare’s play Macbeth. His power pushes him past the point of humanity. The pressure from others both brought out the worst in these characters; The more power they had the more their tragic flaws became more prominent. A tragic flaw is a trait in a character leading to his downfall, and the character is often the hero of the literary piece. A character that may start as strong and confident can be lead to a terrible downfall because of tragic flaws that lead to tragic endings. A perfect example of this scenario is Macbeth. Macbeth’s weak character led him to have many tragic flaws. Macbeth’s characteristics of ambition, gullibleness, and self-doubt, ultimately lead to his own downfall proving that power corrupts mankind.
In fear of losing this power to his friend Banquo or his son Fleance, whom of which the witches said would be king after Macbeth and would yield a long line of kings, Macbeth had them murdered in the woods while they were out horseback riding. This proves that he truly believes in what the witches have to say about him and his future, which leads him to back to seek out more of the witches half truths to see what else would come of his future. The next set of prophecies that the witches had to offer were shown in a set of three apparitions. The first said “Macbeth! Macbeth! Macbeth! Beware Macduff. Beware the thane of Fife,” the second apperition then spoke “none of woman born can harm Macbeth,” the third aperition then said “Macbeth shall never vanquish’d be until Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane Hill Shall come against him”(Shakespeare,168-170). Some say it was the witches fault for Macbeth’s actions next, but in reality it was Macbeth’s and Macbeth’s alone. Due to these three prophecies Macbeth’s level of arrogance went up along with his hunger for power as well, his level of common sense was decreasing faster and faster. Macbeth’s lack of common sense caused him to make rash decisions without thinking them through. Such as when he says “From this moment the very firstlings of my
In Macbeth the Witches are shown as being evil, conniving, and cruel. "Here I have a pilot’s thumb, wreck’d, as homeward he did come." The Witches play a major role in convincing Macbeth to kill Duncan. They give Macbeth and Bonquo three prophecies: "all hail Macbeth hail to thee, thane of Cawdor" "all hail, Macbeth that shalt be king hereafter" "thou shalt get kings, though be none." Bonquo doesn’t take these prophecies seriously, but Macbeth shows some ambition for power. "If chance will have me king, why, chance will crown me." Macbeth becomes more dependent to the Witches. In Act 4 scene 1 Macbeth returns to the weird sisters, demanding what the future would bring. The Witches gave him three prophecies: "Macbeth! Macbeth! Macbeth! Beware Macduff, beware the thane of Fife." "none of woman born shall harm Macbeth" "Macbeth shall never vanquish’d be until Great Birnam wood to high Dunsinane hill."
Macbeth starts to desire the kingship of Scotland after the three witches tell him of the future. The witches tell Macbeth he will become the king of Scotland, but they do not tell him how he will become king. Macbeth starts to desire the kingship after:
First they gain his confidence by making predictions that come true, then the underlying true is seen through. In Act I, Scene 3 they refer to Macbeth as "Thane of Glamis," which he is, and as "Thane of Cawdor," which as far as he knows, he is not. When he is later given the news that the king has made him Thane of Cawdor, he naturally believes that the witches know the future and that he can trust them. His thoughts then move to the other prediction the witches made: that he will be king. Macbeth seeks out the witches for more information and assurance. Then, once coming across the Three Witches, Macbeth then asks them to give him some clarification on his future to hold. The Witches then show Macbeth three apparitions. The second apparition that Macbeth is shown, the bloody child, tells Macbeth that "...none of woman born shall harm Macbeth"(Shakespeare 4.1.81-82).This apparition brings confidence into Macbeth by giving him this security that he basically should have no fear about men because he cannot be killed. Unfortunately, where the false part comes into play from the false security, is the man not born of woman turns out to be Macduff, whose mother delivered by him by what we now call a C-section he was born out of a body. Thus, he was not born of woman. The third apparition appears and tells Macbeth to take courage, as well giving Macbeth
In the third scene, he encounters the witches who truthfully predict that he will become the Thane of Cawdor and further predict that he will become king of all Scotland. At first Macbeth is merely intrigued by what the witches say, but when their prophecy starts to come true, a seed of evil is planted within him and he can no longer see the reality of the situation – the evil nature of the
Naturally, Macbeth was third in line to become King of Scotland. Deep in his heart, he desperately wanted the crown, and all the power that came with it. Macbeth suppressed his feelings, however, until he heard the three witches' first prophecy. "All hail, Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter", were the witch's words. When Macbeth heard this, his desperate need for the crown revealed itself because he realized it was possible to take the thrown. When Macbeth's yearning to be king could not be overcome, he did not let anything stand in his way of being crowned, even if that meant he had to commit murder. The Three Witches ignited Macbeth's desire to be king with their prophecy.
“All hail, Macbeth! Hail to you, thane of Glamis. All hail, Macbeth! Hail to you, thane of Cawdor. All hail, Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter!”(1.3.51-53) and also goes on to tell Banquo that his descendents will be kings even though he won’t become one. At first Macbeth dismisses these claims, and Banquo suggest that they were just hallucinating, but the idea of becoming Thane of Cawdor and king of Scotland has been implanted in Macbeths head. Coincidentally just before Macbeth and Banquo meet the witches Duncan announces to Ross that Macbeth will be the new thane of Cawdor “No more that thane of Cawdor shall deceive our bosom interest: go pronounce his present death, and with his former title greet Macbeth.”(1.3.76-76) When Macbeth finds out that he will become thane of Cawdor from Ross and Angus he starts to truly believe that he can and will become the new king. The witches use this previously announced fact “Hail to you, thane of Cawdor” as a catalyst, to trick him into believing that he will become king which makes him take action towards the prophecy, but which was really his free will maki...
In addition, when Macbeth first meets the witches, he does not believe the prophecies given to him by the witches. This is best said as, “and to be king stands not within the prospect of belief, no more than to be Cawdor”. This exemplifies Macbeth’s disbelief in the prophecies that he is to become the Thane of Cawdor and the King of Scotland. In the second meeting, however, Macbeth devoutly believes in the predictions of the witches, as the first set has come true. This is evident as Macbeth seeks the witches’ prophecies and also says, “I conjure you, by that which you profess, howe’er you come to know it, answer me…”, showing that he believes the witches regardless of how they know the future.
Firstly, he defeats his enemies. Next he is praised by the other soldiers and King Duncan appoints him as the Thane. For example, if a person desires for a manager title, the person will work hard to earn it, and it is possible that other workers will see this and boost the chief individual’s desire. It is from here that the person might think they deserve the title and look for more power. Similarly, Macbeth must have thought somewhere in his mind to be king. In the book Witches’ Caldron: a study of motive in Shakespeare’s Macbeth Dr. K.C. Mathur says that although the witches did prophesy he would be king and even boosted his desire “They did not create the thought of murder of King Duncan. It was Macbeth’s own latent ambition embodying his power drive and seeking affirmation that invites the witches.” (Witches Caldron, 6) Dr. Mathur also says “Macbeth had acquired this status and it is not surprising that he thinks of achieving higher status by being aggressive and domineering. It is this psychological impulse that is projected in his ambition for the crown and not any criminal instinct or latent evil.” (6) There was a negative environment of witches and the association of Lady Macbeth around Macbeth which influenced him to murder. The environment creates a huge part in the play and if he had a good environment it is possible that he would have remained loyal to King
As Macbeth progressed further into his downfall and more of the witches’ prophecies came true, Macbeth started to believe that their statements could not be false. “The spirits that know/ All mortal consequences...” (V.iii. lines 4-5). This fact is reiterated when Macbeth drew all of his confidence from those prophecies near the end of the play: “But swords I smile at, weapons laugh to scorn,/ Brandished by man that’s of a woman born.” (V.vii. lines 12-13). (In ...
Seeking for greater power, Macbeth murders Duncan who is the king at that time, which caused a great pain for the kingdom. Duncan is a great king, but just not a so good human reader. He has never been aware of Macbeth. He never have a thought that Macbeth might be a danger, who is willing to kill him for the throne. On the other hand, Macbeth does not accept to be just a general for the rest of his life. He wants a greater power, higher position than he is having at the time. Because of the suggests from the trio witches: “ All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, Thane of Cawdor!/ All hail, Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter!”(1.2.49-50), Macbeth has the thinking about killing the king to take his throne. By calling Macbeth the Thane of Cawdor, they give Macbeth the thought that being a king is his fate. On the night Macbeth is planning to murder Duncan, the Old Man see many strange events: “And Duncan’s horses (a thing most strange and certain),/ Beauteous and swift, the minions of their race, /Turned wild in nature, broke their stalls, flung out/ Contending ‘gainst obedience, as they would/ Make war with mankind” (2.4.14-18). It creates a scary feeling in the kingdom, and means something bad will happen to the kingdom.
The first set of prophecies that the witches reveal to Macbeth in act 1, scene 3, stated that Macbeth was to become Thane of Glamis, Thane of Cawdor and finally be crowned king. They also said, "Thou shalt get kings, though thou be none." Macbeth was shocked when the first two prophecies came true. In act 1, scene 3, he spoke of his fears, saying "unfix my hair, and make my seated heart knock at my ribs." In Elizabethan times, witches were known as creatures of the devil, satanic creatures who roam the world to cause destruction and chaos. But how could devils speak of great truths? Macbeth's new knowledge was then reported to his wife. He writes about how he will become king. But how would he do this? One of Macbeth's rash decisions was to murder the present King.
The witches have a strong effect on Macbeth's character; they highly influence him in his accomplishments and awake his ambitions. They give Macbeth a false sense of security with their apparitions of truths. Instead they prove to be harmful for Macbeth who takes too much comfort and confidence in his interpretation of the truths. They are the ones who plant the actual idea of killing Duncan into Macbeth's mind. But if it were only the witches prophecies, then Macbeth surely would not have murdered the king. 'When you durst to do it, then you were a man,' (Macbeth, Shakespeare Act 1 Scene 7) Lady Macbeth's constant harassment pushed Macbeth and made him commit all this evil. When you reason things out by yourself you tend to now what is right and what is wrong, a conscience. But with the outside influence from the witches he thinks that that is his destiny and he must do everything to fulfill it. One can wonder if Macbeth ever had a chance of doing what was right after he met with the witches. He is overthrown and killed. Through his own ambitions, the ambition of his wife and the witches' prophesies, Macbeth has caused his own destruction and downfall. We can now clearly see that ambition not achieved through our own ability leads to destruction. 'Hail Thane of Glamis and of Cawdor and shalt be King hereafter'. (Act 1 Scene 3) These prophecies from three strangers are taken without question and probably without good judgment. Just the thought that he may be King clouds his thoughts and ambition takes over. The witches can predict the future, they can add temptation, and influence Macbeth, but they cannot control his destiny.
All hail, MacBeth, that shalt be king hereafter! (Line 47-50) These prophecies throw into his mind the possibility of further advancement to the highest level of the nobility. If the witches had not told MacBeth of their prophecies, there is little chance he would have thought about them himself, and even less chance he would have murdered king Duncan. In Act Three, Scene Five, the witches talk to Hectate, the goddess of demons, about MacBeth.
Macbeth’s tragic flaw is his ambition and it consequentially leads to his downfall and ultimate demise. Macbeth is a tragic hero who is introduced in the the play as being well-liked and respected by the general and the people. He brings his death upon himself from this tragic flaw. His strengths turn into his weaknesses and his ambition drives him to the edge and sets himself up for his tragic death.