Dichotomy In Macbeth

Act I of Shakespeare’s Macbeth serves as the beginning and exposition for the story to come, a tragedy filled with deceit and dishonor. This is made clear through the introduction of the titular character, Macbeth himself, and the dichotomy that develops within him. Before Macbeth ever enters the act, he is spoken of by a Scottish captain as among the bravest and most valuable soldiers in the army under King Duncan. After hearing of this account, Duncan has the utmost respect for Macbeth, exclaiming that he is “smack of honor” (ii. 61) and rewarding his courage with the title of Thane of Cawdor. At this point in the play, Macbeth is not only appears as a noble and worthy subject, but every indication suggests that this is the reality of his

character. As the act continues and Macbeth enters the stage, his character begins an inner conflict.

In the third scene, he encounters the witches who truthfully predict that he will become the Thane of Cawdor and further predict that he will become king of all Scotland. At first Macbeth is merely intrigued by what the witches say, but when their prophecy starts to come true, a seed of evil is planted within him and he can no longer see the reality of the situation – the evil nature of the

witches. He ponders, “If ill, // Why hath it given me earnest of success // Commencing in a truth? I am Thane of Cawdor. // If good, why do I yield to that suggestion [of murder] (iii. 143-147). Even though Macbeth has only entered the play, a single doubt, the seed of evil, has been placed within his mind. He finds himself conflicted, not sure how to go forward; he had just been told he will be king, but does not know if he should act on this prophecy. At this point, he concludes that “If chance will have me king, then chance may // crown me // Without my stir” (iii. 167-169), but he quickly reneges this decision. When talking to King Duncan, he speaks about how “The service and the loyalty I owe [you] // in doing it pays itself (iv.

25-26), expressing nothing but loyalty to his ruler; not 30 lines later though he thinks to himself how he must “o’erleap” (iv. 56) the Prince of Cumberland, the rightful heir, if he is to become king. Macbeth appears to be a faithful servant of the king, but he is fantasizing and ultimately falling toward the path of a wretched murderer. Macbeth even has a dichotomous relationship with Lady Macbeth. The couple, in terms of their love for each other, is unfailing; they call each other “dearest partner” (v. 11) and “dearest love” (v. 67), earnestly at each other’s sides. However, there is a corruption to their love, symbolic of Mars triumphing over Venus. The love between them is so great that, instead of Lady Macbeth talking her husband out of murder, she encourages it, revealing corruptness even in their affections for each other. By the end of the act, Macbeth finds himself in the ultimate self-conflict. He hushes Lady Macbeth, saying “We will proceed no further in this [murder] (vii. 34), but in a moment he has already changed his mind again, setting out to kill the king. Macbeth is a character of self-contrast and self-conflict, made ever-evident in Act I of

Macbeth.