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The history of depression depression
History of depression conclusion
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Major Depression Disorder
Evidence shows that Major Depression Disorder has been around four thousands of years. In the fourth century BC, Hippocrates referred to a group of symptoms including loss of appetite, insomnia, flat affect, and irritability as melancholia (Jackson). Taking accountability of melancholia appeared in ancient Mesopotamian texts in the second millennium B.C. At this time, any mental illness had something to do with the demons. It had to be checked by the priests. The first time that there was an understanding of depression it was truly considered more of a spiritual illness caused by demons rather than a physical illness. Ancient Greeks and Romans put taught about the causes of melancholia. For example in the 5th century B.C., Herodotus wrote about a king who was driven mad by evil spirits. Even early Babylonian, Chinese, and Egyptian civilizations point of view also related to mental illness, and used exorcism techniques (such as beatings, restraint, and starvation) which was designed to remove the demons. Roman and Greek doctors thought that depression was both a biological and psychological disease. Gymnastics, massage, special diets, music, and baths would help with the disorder.
Hippocrates, a Greek physician, said that the traits and mental illness had to do with the balance of body fluids called humours. There were four of these humours: yellow bile, black bile, phlegm and blood. Hippocrates thought that melancholia was caused by too much black bile in the spleen. He used bloodletting (a supposedly therapeutic technique which removed blood from the body), bathing, exercise, and dieting to treat the depression. The famous Roman philosopher and statesman Cicero argued that melancholia was caused by vi...
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... things can be really difficult. Feelings come and go for individual, they have intense feelings. They feel guilt and as if they are worthless to life as a human being. The individual doesn’t care for life anymore; they think they don’t exist so why should they care. Their point of view of everything changes from one moment to another, usually misinterpret negatively things. He or she carry guilt in them which makes them feel unwanted. What most people concern is that they do think about suicide at points in time. The point that they make might be that if they don’t care for themselves than no one will, so there is no point in living. Having thoughts of death is commonly seen in MDD cases. Really important is to keep a look out is if he or she has actually made a plan on committing suicide. Some do follow-through with the plan, unfortunately, they take their lives.
American researchers and clinicians often overlook culturally distinct symptoms because Americans classify depression in terms that might contradict the standards of other cultures. Kitanaka introduced two ideas: Endogenous Depression and typus melancholicus. Endogenous depression is a “crippling type of psychosis believed to be caused by a genetic abnormality” (Watters 520). It was compared to an internal ticking time bomb that would go off let depression run its course. Introduced by Hubert Tellenbach, Typus melancholicus was a personality type that fit the behavior of Japanese individuals.
Depression is considered a mental disorder that can lead an individual to commit suicide, experiment fatal risk that can injure his or her life. Furthermore, an individual feeling depressed lacks motivation to do anything progressive with his or her life. With that said, these individuals sometime gives up interest in activities that were once enjoyable, gets in a phase were he or she loses appetite, begins to overeat, loses concentration on what he or she is trying to complete, and becomes indecisiveness. Moreover, depression is a condition that makes an individual feel miserable, have no motivation to any activity that can influence his or her views, actions, welfare. Furthermore, depressed individuals at times may feel sad, apprehensive, desperate, destitute, useless, awkward, short-tempered, and agitated. In addition, the melancholy of depression is categorized by a greater concentration and length that is attached to severe symptoms. According to Wedding & Corsini (2014) states, “Physical disease, severe and acute stress, and chronic stress area also precipitating factors” (Pp. 240) of an individu...
Archeologists speculate that treatment for mental illnesses dates back to the Neolithic era, where a hole would be chipped into the skull by a sharp object to relieve the patient of an evil spirit. The diagnosis and acknowledgment of particular types of mental illness date back to the 5th century BC in Greece (Harris). Since then, the classification of different mental illnesses has varied immensely. Some classification methods included a handful of diagnostic categories while others included thousands (“History of the DSM”). However, recent Western diagnoses of mental illnesses stem from Sigmund Freud in the mid-to-late 1800s (McLeod). Currently, mental illness is defined as a group of mental disorders that causes severe disturbances in thinking, feeling, and relating
This paper introduces a 35-year-old female who is exhibiting signs of sadness, lack of interest in daily activities and suicidal tendencies. She has no interest in hobbies, which have been very important to her in the past. Her lack of ambition and her suicidal tendencies are causing great concern for her family members. She is also exhibiting signs of hypersomnia, which will put her in dangerous situations if left untreated. The family has great concern about her leaving the hospital at this time, fearing that she may be a danger to herself. A treatment plan and ethical considerations will be discussed.
As Descartes argued, the mind and the body are the base of our existence, and many different cultures view different illnesses positively or negatively. Certain cultures, like the Hmong, believe that epilepsy is a good spiritual thing, but others, such as Western culture, believe that it is medically bad because it could cause death. Many illnesses can be viewed both negatively and positively, some more than others. However, one such illness that is mostly viewed negatively is depression. It is viewed negatively in a symptomatic sense – the symptoms are useless – and in a diagnostic sense – those diagnosed with depression are not actually depressed and the illness itself does not exist; it is simply an excuse to be lazy. There are many different approaches to depression and most of them consider that this illness is negative; however, depression is actually an evolutionary tactic subconsciously employed by humans that can have very positive effects.
"Depression (major depressive disorder)." Depression (major depression) Risk factors. Mayo Clinic, n.d. Web. 27 May 2014. .
The treatment of the mentally ill started back in the far past. In 400 BC, Hippocrates, who was a Greek physician, treated mental illness as diseases of disturbed physiology, and not displeasure of the Gods or demonic possession ("Timeline: Treatments for," ). Greek medical writers found treatments such as quiet, occupation, and the use of a drug called purgative hellebore ("Timeline: Treatments for,”). During these times, family members took care of the mentally ill ("Timeline: Treatments for,”). In the middle Ages, the Europeans let the mentally ill have their freedom, as long as they were not dangerous ("Timeline: Treatments for,”). The mentally ill were also seen as witches who were possessed by demons ("Timeline: Treatments for,”). In 1407, the first mental illness establishment was made in Valencia, Spain ("Timeline: Treatments for,”).
Hippocrates of Cos lived from 460 B.C to 377 B.C, and he was often named the father of Western Medicine for coming up with the humoral theory (Pickover 40). According to David Francko, Hippocrates was “the first know physician to consider medicine a science separate from the practice of religion” (Francko 373). In the humoral theory, Hippocrates also dismisses primeval beliefs that disease had supernatural causes and associates it with physical causes (New Standard Encyclopedia 244). In Hippocrates’s humoral theory, diseases were understood as entities in the body, not separate like it is comprehended today (Darnton). In the humoral theory Hippocrates also defines disease and pain as the bodily imbalance of four humors or liquids (“Humors”). The four humors, according to Hippocrates, were blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile (New Standard Encyclopedia 244). Robert Darnton says “The human body was thought to contain a mix of the four humors” (Darnton). Hippocrates also believed that the four humors derived from four glandular secretions the heart and liver for blood, the brain for phlegm, the spleen for black bile, and the gall bladder for yellow bile.
Depression is a mental health condition which is widely recognised as one of the most common conditions for which people seek and receive care. There are many specific nursing problems which are encompassed by the medical term “depression” and these include physical, cognitive and behavioural patterns. Successful treatments of depression are psychosocial interventions which aim to identify and challenge a depressed persons pessimistic attitudes and beliefs and which promote an individuals’ participation in rewarding activities in an attempt to reduce any negative behaviours. The aim of this essay is to identify specific nursing problems which are encompassed by the term “depression” and relate these to a patient whom the author had met whilst out on clinical placement who had been given a medical diagnosis of depression. It is also the aim of this essay to discuss different psychosocial interventions and how effective these are in assisting a patient in their road to recovery.
Clinical depression is very common. Over nine million Americans are diagnosed with clinical depression at some point in their lives. Many more people suffer from clinical depression because they do not seek treatment. They may feel that depression is a personal weakness, or try to cope with their symptoms alone. On the other hand, some people are comfortable with admitting their symptoms and seeking help. Such a discrepancy may account for the differences in reported cases of depression between men and women, which indicate that more than twice the numbers of women than men are clinically depressed. According to the numbers of reported cases of depression, 25% of women and 10% of men will have one or more episodes of clinical depression during their lifetimes.
Major Depressive Disorder or MDD is a very common clinical condition that affects millions of people every year. According to the Agency for Health Care Policy & Research, “ depression is under diagnosed & untreated by most medical doctors, despite the fact that it can almost always be treated successfully.
Major Depressive Disorder, according to Coon, is a mood disorder in which the person has suffered one or more intense episodes of depression. Major Depressive Disorder falls under mood disorders subtopic depressive disorders (Coon 2013). “Psychologist have come to realize that mood disorders (major disturbances in emotion) are among the most serious of all psychological conditions. In any given year, roughly 9.5 percent of the U.S. population suffers from a mood disorder (National Institute of Mental Health, 2011a)” (Coon 2013). I was one of the 9.5 percent. I have decided to write on this topic because I want to understand what causes it. I have been depressed before without medication or counseling and I wanted to know why do you get depressed and how does it impact you. This essay will talk about disorder information, disorder triggers, research on depression, treatment for depression, and theorist’s experiments for Major Depression Disorder.
The next man to alter western medicine was a Greek physician born around 130 C.E. and his name was Galen. Galen developed a theory that involved four humors. These four humors consisted of blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile. He thought that good health resulted from balancing the humors, and sickness only came when the four humors were out of balance. Galen would describe this as being out of proportion. Interestingly, this concept of balance is shared with eastern medicine. When illness struck; Galen recommended a treatment involving a focus on the opposite humor. Different bodily fluids are associated with different humors, and each patient has a dominant humor. This theory of medicine, which prevailed for over a thousand years, created
There are many different advances, as well as advantages and disadvantages, in the treatment of mental illnesses. But to understand why the treatments are the way they are today, knowing the background would greatly suffice in the understanding and comprehension. The treatment of mental illness dates back as early as 5000 BCE, where they believed that mental illness was a result of supernatural occurrence such as spiritual/demonic possession, sorcery, the evil eye, or an angry deity (spirit). So they had responded with equally mystical, and sometimes brutal, treatments. During Neolithic times, which are also referred to as the New Stone Age, a form of treatment called trephining first occurred.
My great aunt, Jean Cooper, deals with clinical depression. I call her grandma Jean. Grandma Jean is divorced with two daughters and she resides in her colossal home located in Thousand Oaks California. Over the summer I had visited her after nine years. Spending time with my great aunt gave me an insight of her depression which changed my view of life.