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Child development chapters 1-10
Adolescent developmental case study
Adolescent developmental case study
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It’s part of an adult’s role to provide resources to help the children play and develop. Sam should make sure that she provides the child with real life resources as well as fake physical and visual resources. This is important because if Sam presents the child with a real life object instead of a picture the child will use all of their senses to learn about the object. This is important for the child as it increases their motivation as they are using all sorts of skills to investigate the item. Resources will also help to improve behaviour and develop communication, language and an understanding of the world (1). Part of an adult’s role is to also plan activities accordingly based on the child’s ability, likes and dislikes. It is important …show more content…
It is also important that not only do the adults plan activities but they let the children lead their own activities as this allows children to grow and develop healthily. This will also allow the child to express their own thoughts, feelings and ideas as well as being supported in their learning and development (2). It is also extremely important that the adults provide a positive learning environment for the children because if the learning environment is not welcoming and positive, it can affect the way in which the children feel communicate and the way in which they finish tasks (3). Lev Vygotsky had a theory about how adult-led play is important in helping children develop certain skills. He developed a theory that every person has the zones in their minds; the zone of unreachable knowledge, the zone of proximal development (zone of proximal development) and the zone of current knowledge. The idea is that the current knowledge is in the middle of a circle with the unreachable knowledge on the outside; however, Vygotsky discovered that children need a step in between the two zones. He named this step the ZPD and expressed that a child can only do so much without an adults help, however if the adult provides help (also named scaffolding) the child is able to further develop their skills and knowledge
Dr. Alison Gopnik’s drew the following truth that “children are intellectually more skilled and far more sophisticated in their thinking then we ever imagined”(Gopnik2009). Gopnik also stated preschoolers are extremely well designed for learning. They are naturally curious. They learn through exploring and playing. “The value of play” was also presented in Gopnik’s research. He clarified that when children engage in pretend play, they will have imaginary characters and explore other world. They are learning peoples’ nature, how people think, do, and work. This helps them understand themselves and other people, to improve their social traits or in balancing school, and to increase their social competences in life. Gopnik demonstrated the idea
Piaget and Vygotsky each created their own particular ideas of child development. Piaget differentiated development into four stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, operational, and concrete. Conversely, Vygotsky based his theory of development on the fundamental ideas that children construct knowledge, learning can prompt development, development cannot be differentia...
Theorists help us to learn about play and help us progress in relation to approaches and future planning. Vygotsky believed that imaginative play and relationships are important in relation to a child’s learning, and his theory was called the social constructivist theory. He believed that through play a ‘zone of proximal development’ is created, in which a child’s learns at the height of their potential. He argued against Piaget’s theory. Piaget argued that children did not necessarily learn through play but play just showcases and applies what they have already learnt. Piaget’s theory stated that there was two aspects to play – sensory and movement play and imagination, pretend and symbolic play. The McMillian sisters theorised the idea that children would find it extremely difficult to learn, play and develop without good hygiene and good health. Froebel also had strong opinions on the role of play. He believed in the importance of symbolic play, and imaginative play - stating it was one of the best ways for
We all go into zones where we are uncomfortable, unknowing, and a bit lost. This is especially true to children who are growing and learning more about their life, the environment, and the people around them. This is what Vygotsky refers to as the zone of proximal development. The zone of proximal development measures the child’s level of independent problem solving and potential level of problem solving. If a child is in a class where the other kids are of different colors, eat “weird” different foods or speak a language they don’t understand, they can become unsure of how to conclude correct analysis’ of these other kids and may ostracize or put down these kids. Through the zone of proximal development creates a wonderful gap to where others’ input can greatly influence their thinking.
There are five ways in which Piaget’s theory of cognitive development and Vygotsky’s theory of the Zone of Proximal Development. The very first way that teachers can use these theories to teach constructively is by providing scaffolded instruction within the ZPD for their students (292). In other words, a teacher must be able to assist children in achieving a goal that may be slightly too difficult for them to reach alone. An example of this would be if a teacher had decided that her class should do an experiment on how well plants grow based on the amount of water they receive, she could challenge her students to make a hypothesis about what they think will happen. This teacher could allow her students to individually plant their seeds and then guiding her students to predict or hypothesize what they believe will happen if one plant gets more water than another. This example directly correlates with Vygotsky’s idea of ZPD because
Cognitive development is defined as the process of acquiring intelligence and increasingly advanced thought and problem-solving ability from infancy to adulthood. Many professionals have challenged and researched this topic. One of the most widely believed views is that of Dr. Lev Vygotsky’s. According to the textbook, this view supports the idea of scaffolding as a social support. Vygotsky’s theory also involved an idea called “the zone of proximal development.” The child is best guided through this “zone” by gearing the parent’s assistance to the child’s capabilities. This theory supports the possibility that human neurobiology underlies cognitive development in early childhood, but key forms of the child’s cognitive activities develop through interaction with older, more experienced people who guide them within appropriate learning environments. In layman’s terms, this is the difference between what a child can do with help and what a child can do without help. My virtual child is a great example of this. Roman was very capable of preforming certain tasks, but could he do it without my help? During the first two years of a child’s life, they typically are in the sensory-motor stage of cognitive development. During this stage, we gave Roman an Object Permanence test. This means that we would hide an object and see if Roman could retrieve it properly. At the ages of one to two, Roman could find
Explain Lev Vygotsky(1896-1934) was a Russian psychologist who created the Social Development Theory/ Sociocultural Theory. Vygotsky believed that children's mental, language, and social development is supported and enhanced through social interaction. Vygotsky also believed that beginning at birth, children seek out adults for social interactions and that development occurs through these interactions. The belief that social development sets a precedent for development (appeals the nurture side of development). The general idea from this theory is that being aware, consciousness, and cognition are the end results of socialization and social interaction.
For Vygotsky, children are seen as active beings on their development through social interactions with parents, teachers, and other adults, as well as by participating in their cultural activities. The interactions they have with other individuals and their culture opens their minds to new information and helps develop skills not previously attained. To further understand cognitive development in Piaget and Vygotsky’s theory, we must first look at the processes involved.
“Once a child is born we begin helping them with tasks that are too difficult to master alone but that can be learned with guidance and assistance which is the (ZPD) zone of proximal development.”(Morrison, 2009 sec 14.6.1) this is the major concept of Lev Vygotsky theory. As our children grow we will interact with them throughout their lives. We may feel that a child should be at a certain stage in life; which would fit perfectly into Piagets theory that a child develops in stages. However we have always helped them with task; we sit back, observe the child trying the task, and when they c...
Parten’s idea of child lead stages of play would support JNTCP ‘behaviour that is freely chosen, personally directed’ as when the child is ready to progress they make the personal decision. It could be said that Parten’s job would have influenced the way she views play. Being a psychologist may have led her to believe that child led play is more beneficial for the child’s development as they are able to figure it out for themselves, thus making the child more independent. A teacher idea of play however, would be the opposite to that of a child psychologist, as a teacher would believe that adult led play is more beneficial for a child, as it can have a planned outcome and consequently better the child’s social, emotional and physical development. The Researching Effective Pedagogy in the Early Years (REPEY, 2002) research clearly states that there becomes a point where children need to be supported by an adult in order to further their thinking. Vygotsky theory of proximal development would support the teacher’s idea of child lead play. Proximal development represents the gap between what a child can accomplish alone, and what they can do with the guidance of an adult. Similarly, Bruner’s theory of scaffolding mimics the same idea as Vygotsky, the adult giving a helping hand to the child’s play to better their learning and
...ng in the educational context requires teachers as the competent adults or instructors, it demonstrates the importance of teacher presence in all areas of the curriculum especially in play. Whether through Piaget’s cognitive constructivism or Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development, it is important for teachers to actively participate and interact with the children to foster their cognitive and social development. To scaffold children’s play, the teacher is important in roles such as creating the right play environment by preparing adequate materials, designing the playing space and ensuring adequate play materials, designing appropriate play experiences to structure and facilitate the children’s development and facilitating interactions among the children and between themselves and the children to facilitate and support meaning making (Module 2 & Module 3, 2012).
Language plays a major role in a child’s life, because some children will dialogues with themselves through how they engage with themselves or other children through imaginative play. Vygotsky explains this as how they will make up their own story and give their characters different names, and also changing the voices of each character. This helps children with their vocabulary skills, in which it will help them in the long run to name, and negative the different things that they will start to come into connect with as they get older. Language is also known as a symbolic system of communication and a cultural tool transmit play, and cultural history both play a big part in language development, and understanding the world around them. And also
Language plays an important in our lives, for children this is a critical time for them to learn how they can use language to communicate effectively from the when they learn through school and into adulthood. While a child goes through school they are exposed to Standard English, but there are diversities that appear in the classroom for example culture plays a part in language development. Gee and Hayes (2011) stated that there are many things that language can be including; a set of rules, a cognitive experience, a social tool or an object, but overall language is something that changed based on culture and social context. Acknowledging and accepting diversity in the classroom in relation to language and language learning is important
The children are put through different learning experiences and tasks, for the professionals to evaluate and observe their different development stages. All this helps to understand the children’s adult characteristics for future life as every child’s play experiences are crucial to their adult life.
Vygotsky believed that children learn through social interaction with adults. He also believed that dialogue with others help a child in promoting cognitive development. Adults, teachers and peers have major impact on the child development of mental processes.