Land Subsidence Case Study

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c. Land subsidence risks
Land subsidence in Jakarta is triggered by natural and anthropogenic process. Since Jakarta is located on alluvial plain, natural-compaction of deposits causes land subsidence (Chaussard et al., 2013). On the other hand, anthropogenic-induced land subsidence is a result of inappropriate human activities with government plan. Raucoules, Colesanti, & Carnec (2007) and Yuill, Lavoie, & Reed (2009) enlightened that some anthropogenic processes of land subsidence results from groundwater extraction, surface water drainage change, sediment loading, and other human-induced activities. As consequence, land subsidence due to groundwater extraction restricts sustainable development of resources, environment, and economy (Wang, …show more content…

Recently, products of coconut tree are featured product in Indragiri Hilir with the total of plantation area are 2,953.4 thousand hectares, equal with 25.45 percent of total area. In addition, the width of oil palm plantation is 763.5 thousand hectares or equal with 6.57 percent of total area. According to Budidarsono et al. (2013), oil palm plantation in Sumatera, including Indragiri Hilir is a part of big wave booming on land grabbing in Sumatera. It is estimated that around 6 million ha of land in Sumatera is now under oil palm. However, the total area cleared is three times as much, involving the conversion of about 18 million ha of forest (Forest Peoples Programme (FPP)(Moreton-in-Marsh). & Watch, 2007). Oil palm plantation booming is the result of globalization, liberalization, and worldwide boom in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) (Zoomers, 2010; Zoomers, 2011). Indonesia government had set a target of 15 million hectares of oil palm by 2020, although by 2010 oil palm plantations encompassed 7.56 million hectares (USDA 2010). If the expansion of coconut and oil palm plantation continuously occurs in Indragiri Hilir, the risk of land subsidence will be

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