Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Alfred the great and his contributions to England
Alfred the great and his contributions to England
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Alfred the great and his contributions to England
King Alfred managed to keep the Danes out of Wessex and continued to fight the Danes.
He is the only English king to earn the soubriquet “great” due to his many achievements during his reign. Alfred was the first king of the West Saxons to identify himself as “King of the Anglo-Saxons” (Richard Abels, pg 24), and is often referred to as King of the West Saxons by his fellow companion Asser, from Tyddewi , Dyfred. His eminent defence against the Danes made him a warrior and he showed his expertise on the field of battle. King Alfred was also a keen scholar, who loved to learn, and encouraged and improved the educational system as well as reforming the legal system. King Alfred the Great has been praised as a ‘brilliant’ military leader; however
…show more content…
In addition all these scripts were written in a dead language. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle was written in Anglo Saxon whereas Asser’s autobiography of King Alfred was originally written in Latin. Both scripts have been translated and text could have been misinterpreted, something extra added or valuable information excluded. Therefore one should look at these different sources in retrospect to King Alfred as a great war leader and politician in an attempt to decipher the various points each source is …show more content…
Asser’s Life of King Alfred is an invaluable and authentic source, however is also very problematic and should be critically assessed. It is such an important source for Historians, because Asser was very close to King Alfred, and considered as a friend, thus he must have been aware of what he had planned, what his goals where, and his character as a leader and politician. Asser would have been able to dig deeper into King Alfred’s persona, and years of friendship would have given him an accurate depiction of all the whose and how’s about King Alfred. According to W.H. Stevenson’s version of Asser's Life of King Alfred, he believes that “The Life’s loose organization, repetition, inconsistent use of verb tenses, and lack of conclusion suggest a work in progress rather than a polished text, and what we call the Life of King Alfred may be no more than a imperfect copy of an incomplete draft”. Asser would compare King Alfred, whom he considered to be a close friend, to biblical examples such as Solomon, who is portrayed in the bible as great in wisdom, wealth, and power, and therefore one can assume that Asser admired Alfred, for he even states “Indeed, he could easily have taken the kingdom over with the consent of all while his brother Ethelred was alive, had he considered himself worthy to do so, for he surpassed all his brother in wisdom and in all
The achievements and expertise of Eleanor of Aquitaine and Hildegard of Bingen were similar in that both contributed to literature. Although Eleanor of Aquitaine was often up to her knees in political affairs, nevertheless found time to cultivate the arts and patronize literature (Lindenmuth, 2005, p.1). At the royal court at Poitiers, she dedicated much of her money toward the patronage of all kinds of rising artists in all areas, but she’s best known for promoting the troubadours and romance writers (Lindenmuth, 2005, p.1). Eleanor herself greatly contributed to the rules of courtly love (Au, p.1), whose key features became humility, courtesy, and adultery (Delahoyde, Courtly Love, p.1), but her main contributions to literature were indirect.
Similar to The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Asser’s Life of King Alfred was hand-scribed by one author, and as such, readers must be cautious of scribing errors that are contained within the text. As mentioned in the previous paragraph, it is entirely possible that Asser authored this biography, under the orders of King Alfred, for a Welsh audience, and there is evidence to support this claim. For starters, Asser was a Welsh monk, and he lived in Wales until he was invited to Alfred’s court in Wessex. Alfred had recently acquired the lands in Southern Wales, where Asser lived, and Alfred had talked to the Welsh Kings (now lords), so it is possible that they told Alfred about Asser. As mentioned, the biography of Alfred was written shortly after he gained control over Southern Wales. Within Life of King Alfred, Asser often goes to painful lengths to describe the geography of locations, as if the audience would not know them, and also translates places names into their Welsh equivalent, even for places such as Nottingham, where no real equivalent existed. Because of these things, combined with the fact that this biography was commissioned by Alfred himself, would seem to suggest that King Alfred ordered Asser to write this biography in order to acquaint the Welsh to their new King, and to muster loyalty to King Alfred amongst the Welsh. So, while it is an account of Alfred’s life (including the events of The Great Heathen Invasion, which play a major part in Alfred’s life) it is possible that Asser exaggerated events and qualities of Alfred and his life in order to gain the favour of the Welsh people. Asser’s Life of King Alfred also refrains from mentioning any dissension within the kingdom of Wessex, so this is possibly a clue that Alfred had a hand in controlling what Asser put in the biography, so as to make Alfred look
Machiavelli wrote that a ruler should be both like “a lion and a fox” (The Prince, Chapter XVIII). By this Machiavelli means that a ruler should be like a lion to keep away the wolves that can get to the fox who finds the traps that the lion could get into. Essentially, a ruler should be cunning and powerful. Elizabeth I of England and Louis XIV of France fit these characteristics. Louis XIV acted as a lion in such ways as the Edict of Fontainebleau which took away the power of the Huguenots. Elizabeth I of England was like a lion because she married her country, not a man, therefore keeping all power to herself and frightening away the “wolves.” Louis XIV acted as a fox by getting away from the “traps” of the nobility by heavily taxing them because he did not want to relive the Fronde, a civil war where he was humiliated by nobles (Tom Richey, Louis XIV Rap 0:27-0:31). Elizabeth acted as a fox because she was religiously tolerant and kept England away from “traps” that could lead to wars.
Who was King Arthur? Most people would tell of a great King; a devoted circle of heroic knights; mighty castles and mightier deeds; a time of chivalry and courtly love; of Lancelot and Guinevere; of triumph and death. Historians and archaeologists, especially Leslie Alcock, point to shadowy evidence of a man who is not a king, but a commander of an army, who lived during the late fifth to early sixth century who may perhaps be the basis for Arthur. By looking at the context in which the stories of King Arthur survived, and the evidence pertaining to his castle Camelot and the Battle of Badon Hill, we can begin to see that Arthur is probably not a king as the legend holds.
The three heroes discussed here, Beowulf, Sir Gawain and King Arthur, are heroes for different reasons. Beowulf, our earliest hero, is brave but his motivation is different than then other two. To Sir Gawain personal honor and valor is what is important. King Arthur, Sir Gawain's uncle, is naturally the quintessential king of the medieval period. Though all men to a certain extent share the same qualities, some are more pronounced than in the others. It is important to see how these qualities are central to their respective stories and how it helps (or hinders) them in their journeys.
Though he is viewed as a godly force, the situations and the behaviors that Beowulf expressed, sometimes deviate how the Anglo-Saxons viewed his character. From this, the theme of "Good
One of the main topics discussed in lesson one is the fact that heroes over time and overseas all heroes have something in common; which is true in the case of King Arthur and Beowulf. It is obvious that they are similar in the fact that they are both heroes, but what makes them an idol of their time and in their culture are poles apart. There are many things that are different about Beowulf and King Arthur, but the ones that stand out the most are what kind of hero they are and what actions they did to make them heroic. Both heroes possess qualities that others do not have, but it is what they do with those abilities that prompts someone to write a story about them and idolize them in time.
The character of Beowulf stands as a hero to the ancient Danes because of his actions. He is constantly being cited as a "war-chief" and a "gold-giver" (61). Beowulf has achieved fame through what he has done with his own hands. His identity as a leader is based upon the Danish society’s emphasis on personal action, as opposed to the delegation of responsibility through conscious thought. It is this very sense which spurs Beowulf to fight the dragon: "In my youth I engaged in many wars. Old guardian of the people, I shall still seek battle, perform a deed of fame, if the evil-doer will come to me..." (59). Beowulf derives his power from a strong link to the past. Without his history of glorious deeds, he would see himself bereft of the very power which qualifies him to be a good King. Beowulf’s bravery never comes in to question, he does meet every challenge head-on, with deadly attention. The society which labels Beowulf as a legendary hero, recognizes his actions and his bravery as a integral part of his definition as a hero. Without the society to support th...
In the Anglo-Saxon society, warriors were in wars daily, as they looked for prominence, success, and fortune. Kings of various kinship groups were not just secretly planners; they also fought in wars. Beowulf shows great qualities of a good and successful king throughout his life. Such as rare physical strength, having courage while fighting, and loyalty.
For the most part, Beowulf’s characteristics describe those of a triumphant warrior who played a major role in defending the lives of his fellow citizens, while leading a thriving country. Although Beowulf soon became king, he died for his people, and was remembered as a victorious fighter. Beowulf is at least in part a study of kingship because it discusses the qualities that produce a good king, the disadvantages during his rule and how he overcame them, and the problems that arose upon his death.
Many great individuals have existed throughout history, but there are also those people who were the exact opposite of “great”. Akbar the Great and Louis XIV were both significant figures in the period from 1450 to 1750. Akbar the Great of India was born on October 15, 1542, in India while his father, Humayun, was in exile and became emperor at the age of 14 after his father’s death, ruling over the Mughal Empire until his own death in 1605. Furthermore, Louis XIV of France was born on September 5, 1638, to the Hapsburg Spanish Queen Anne of Austria and Louis XIII, king of France. After his father died when he was four and a half, Louis XIV came to the throne and ruled under a mentor until he was the proper age, then continued ruling through absolute monarchy as the King of France until his death in 1715. While Akbar the Great was a great individual, Louis XIV was not, and this is evident through the similarities in the “caves/chains” of their lives, the differences between the “light” they saw and the “journey” they went on, and the ultimately significant differences between the “new societies” that they created in Mughal India and France.
There have been many influential influences to the English culture throughout its hundreds of years of existence, but there was one man who arguably was one of the most important figures to have ever changed the course of English culture forever. This man was no inventor who sparked a new age, nor an artist who introduced a romantic theme. Shockingly, this man was not even of English descent, but rather a conqueror from a foreign land. He is most well known as William the Conqueror and the date 1066, is remembered as the year of his arrival to Anglo-Saxon England when he began the famous Norman invasion. This alien invader to the British island was a Duke in the northern region of France.
His vigor and knowledge were truly no test for any man that got in his way. The way in which he carried himself, and from such a young age, is mesmerizing on its own, but the fact that he was able to be involved militarily, politically, and religiously is a feat alone. From altering the religious nature of multiple countries, to defeating every rebellion and army that stood in his way, William was an undeniably good leader. No matter what task was put in front of him, William refused to back down, and that is why he is remembered today as one of the most prosperous rulers of all
After separation from Rome in 410 AD, it would be another five centuries before England would be ruled again as a singular entity. When Æthelstan (r.924-939) captured York in 927 he became the first West Saxon king to rule over all of England, and in a wonderful panegyric, Petrus explains this event in epigrammatic style: ista perfecta Saxonia (this Saxon land now made whole) . From Æthelstan’s death to the first reign of Æthelred the Unrædy (r.978-1013) the perfecta Saxonia underwent a process of unification, the success of which which this essay endeavours to evaluate. Just how unified was the kingdom of England by c.1000?
Beowulf, the honorable, loyal, and courageous king of great generosity and wisdom has fallen. The perfectness on every level was amazing. The five traits that Beowulf needed to qualify for to even be considered a hero, he exceeded them. Beowulf was the man whose honor lives on. Beowulf was the man whole loyalty and courageousness never faltered. Beowulf was the man whose generosity touched the heart of others. Beowulf was the man with the greatest wisdom throughout all history. ?Beowulf worked for the people, but as well at that he behaved like a hero?(Lines 3006-3007). Beowulf knew he was destined to be our king, leader, our beast.