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Kashmir and India ethnic conflict
Essay on kashmir dispute
Conflicts between India and Pakistan over cultural differences
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While hearing either on the news or through news flashes on the internet of the strife taking place in Kashmir, I understood the war between Pakistan and Indian to be about who was going to own the land in between. This war between the two countries goes much deeper than just real estate. Through research I have learned about the different aspects of what created such hostility between Pakistan and Indian. The dynamics of such hostilities are made up of a need for power, religious belief’s and a sense of control over what each believes to belong to them. Real Estate being the least of their concerns.
Pakistan was formed in 1947, it was created by founding father Mohammad Ali Jinnah. It was Mohammad Ali Jinnahs belief that Hindus and Muslims should live as two separate nations. However, India disagreed, proclaiming that they indeed could live together as one large peaceful nation. A partition of British India into India and the new created country of Pakistan, was carried out.
In October 1947 Kashmir, led by Muslim majority leader Hindu Maharaja, was invaded by Pashtun tribals from Pakistan. Pakistan invaded Kashmir in the same year of it’s own independence from India ( I thought this to be ironic). Kashmir was at this time invaded because of Maharaja refusal to join either Pakistan or India. In fear of military defeat to Pakistan, Maharaja signed a treaty of accession with India in exchange for help from the Indian Army. Troops from India were then flown in and the invaders were pushed back, but not out. Even with the assistance of troops from India, they were unable to regain control of all of Kashmir. The ceasefire line of 1949 left India in control of two-thirds of the state, Pakistan in control of a third and China the remaining. The ceasefire line of 1949 is how Kashmir is cut up still today. Both Pakistan and India refused to succeed to the other and today this is the way it still stands, with each side refusing to budge1.
According to Pakistan the leader of Kashmir, Maharaja, was not the effective leader and had no authority to sign the accession with India. In their view Kashmir remains disputed and calls for the Kashmiri people to carry out their wishes via a plebiscite with the United Nations. 1 According to India the accession of Kashmir is final and is not negotiable. In their view at ...
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... me Pakistan is pulling at straws and mustering propaganda to gain support internationally on its side.3
India accuses Pakistan also of “cross-border terrorism” blaming the December 13 attack on the Indian Parliament on Pakistan and/or their counterparts. The New Delhi government blames Pakistani supported Islamic militants. In response to this accusation Musharraf banned the two Islamic militant groups. India accused many and made hundreds of arrests. India has said it will not pull back forces unless all cross-border attacks stop and Pakistan hands over men India says are suspects in these attacks on India. Musharraf asserts that Pakistan “wants to live in peace with all its neighbor, including India, but that they will never compromise on principle.” 3
So as you can see the war between Pakistan and India has to do with a lot more than just rights to Real Estate (land). It is my belief that neither side will compromise nor are they willing to give an inch. In my opinion this is a war which will go on for many years.
1.Asia times author Sudha Ramachandran online January 24, 2002
2. The New York Times Jan. 5, 2002 3. The New York Times Jan. 3, 2002
The people of India and Pakistan hate each other with a burning passion that goes back thousands of years. Because of the constant border wars you had to be stealthy when talking to people. For example if we were both on India's land and were both Indians we could be buddies; on the flip side if you spoke Sindhi, a derived form of Hindi, and I spoke Hindi I can assume you were Pakistani and we would have to fight it out.
... people are the factors in the political conflict over the holy land. During the Crusades, the popes were politicians and wanted more land to control, and the same is happening today in the holy land. Fighting over the holy land will be a continuous war, because one religion will never be satisfied over the amount they control.
The first occurrence sparked a fight in 1857, taking the shape of the Sepoy Rebellion. The British had once again disregarded the culture of the people they controlled and tried to force the sepoys to disregard their ancient traditions and follow British orders. This caused the sepoys to revolt, a bloody war to start, and the rest is history. Further conflict in Southern Asia arrived in the form of a religious dispute between the Hindu’s and the Muslim’s. The bigotry on each side grew so substantial that eventually they were forced to split into two countries, India and Pakistan, resulting in massive migration with over 200,000 deaths and almost 14 million displaced, all due to the fact that neither side trusted the other’s religion. India and Pakistan still view each other as treacherous rivals to this day and show no signs of reconciling anytime
An elastic demand occurred due to an increase in tuition price, which had a significant impact on quantity demand of students enrolled at the University. The price elasticity of demand is 1.2 and implies that for every 1 percentage point tuition price increases, it will lower the quantity demanded of students enrolled at the university by 1.2 percentage point. Although the coefficient of price elasticity of demand or Ed is a negative value, it is important to emphasize on the amount of change by disregarding the minus sign and use an absolute value. Therefore, the absolute value of -1.2 is 1.2, which is greater than 1, reflects an elastic demand and a price elasticity of demand of 1.2. “Whenever the absolute value of demand is greater than one, price decreases will increase revenue.” (Dickinson, 2002, pg. 145). For this reason, Nobody State University need to lower tuition cost and by reducing tuition cost, the demand of students enrolling at Nobody State University increases; which would result in a rise in total
The Prince of Kashmir chose India but Pakistan invaded the province soon after and have occupied part of Kashmir since then. Controversy still surrounds the province today because naturally, Muslims want to control it. While many Muslims relocated to Pakistan and the Hindus to India, half of the Muslim population was left in India and their relations did not improve after being partially separated.
Contribution per unit of product B = ` 30 - ` 20 = ` 10
Price elasticity is defined in our text as the change in relationship between a change in the quantity demanded and price. When price elasticity is greater than 1, it’s considered “somewhat elastic” so that when the price increases the revenue decreases. This is due to the quantity being changed so significantly it results in a lost in revenue. In a short period of time, this elasticity may not be detrimental but a wide market change could drive away customers and hurt the company. Cross price elasticity is a measure of changes in quantity demands. This determines the affects the demand for a product in relation to its substitutes. The elasticity for the cross price is at 0.68. The cross price represents the effects of the quantity demanded of one good to a change in price of another good. This elasticity is positive, as its substitutes price rise the
The consensus to split India into two different countries -- Pakistan (for Muslims) and India (for Hindus) -- is frequently said to be the result of issues between the elites of each nation. However, this assumption does not justify the ridiculous amount of violence that came with the migration. There is one probable justification for the disorder from splitting the two nations -- Great Britain’s swift evacuation of India following their sudden un...
Lawrence Auster wrote an eye-opening blog excerpt titled India and Pakistan: Why the Mass Killing Occurred. The content of this excerpt explore the fundamental issues of identity and religion that led to the violence in 1947. The author makes his point by utilizing current event such as the train massacre in 2002, in which 50 Hindu women and children were burned alive. The blog is for an audience with some prior knowledge on the topic and continues to expand upon that knowledge. The blog is a secondary source because it introduces its own unique ideas regarding the issue and was written after the time of the event. It was very helpful to my research because it simplifies the wordy information often found on scholarly sites and condenses it into something comprehensible and relatable to the reader.
The table below shows the demand and supply for iPods at varying price per iPod:
...entiate states of India and Pakistan, and this was ready to make states reflecting the country state perfect. India is an overwhelmingly Hindu nation made complete out of individuals united by religion and social likenesses, and Pakistan is a dominatingly Muslim nation whose populace is glad for its homogeneous Muslim religion and society. The borders were established to correspond and additionally conceive with the ethnic limits, so the current outskirts strived to keep Muslims in Pakistan and Hindus in India. Shockingly, it was not drawn well, and a mass relocation of Hindus into India and Muslims into Pakistan brought on an unsafe time of religious and ethnic strain between the two countries. Regardless of beginning strains, the outskirt between India and Pakistan has been moderately compelling in minimizing ethnic and religious pressures as the British trusted.
threatening the large majority of Indian-Muslims, disharmonising other.... ... middle of paper ... ... politicians. They are the best.
Bhutan is a small country located in the Himalayas. It does have a richly scenic land though. There are broad, grassy valleys; forested mountain ranges, and heavily wooded jungle areas. There are three geographic regions in which the country is divided. Northern Bhutan lies in the Great Himalayas where the mountains reach as high as 24,000 ft. and the weather is cold. Central Bhutan is in the middle of the Himalayan region where there are several fertile valleys. The Duars plain, along the southern border of Bhutan is a hot, humid, and rainy area. This jungle region is filled with malaria infested swamps. (Karan, 224)
Pakistan’s position in the global environment, it is known as an ally of the United States. After the attack on 9/11, Pakistan denounced its previous support of the Taliban regime and became a key player in the fight against terrorism. However, despite Pakistan’s efforts to maintain control over the Taliban-linked militants along their borders, the growing hostility has caused constant turmoil within the country. The Sunni extremists have been launching attacks against minority groups in Pakistan. Since 2009, Pakistan’s government has waged war against these militants in effort to flush them and their influence out of the country (BBCnews.com 2014).
Politics of the nation. New York: Knopf, 1967. Mukherjee, a.k.a. Kunal, a.k.a. "Islamic revivalism and politics in contemporary Pakistan.