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Paper on the u.s juvenile justice system
Paper on the u.s juvenile justice system
Juvenile justice system history
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The history of America’s Juvenile Justice System has dramatically change sense it’s hey days in 1800s or 18th century. The welfare of youth, young adult and juvenile have encountered the Progressive Era of reform, The Libertarians, The Delinquency Prevention Control Acts of 1968, The Juvenile Justice Delinquency Prevention and Act of 1974, and the Get Tough on Crime legislation; however these programs for their time seem to fit the margin in which youth could galvanize some form of rehabilitation through it. The Juvenile Justice System of past has moderate beginning for which one stands out with result to prove its worthiness.
First, under the Progressive Era the need was to build reform school with the goal to increase education and moral standards. These acquisition led 48 states to restructure their courts and reestablish their own Juvenile Court System of course this was not enough so they went forth with the media to expose the thing or shall I say, bring attention to the business that brought about problem youth faced at the period of time.
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It had appetite of an adult court system; moreover, they could misrepresent the juvenile, disregard the parent authority over the child, cross examination, and obtain legal counsel. The Libertarian was hell bent on exposed courts.
Thirdly, the Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act of 1968 this act was prompted to encourage the states to create environments that would enable delinquents to engage in a positive form of life through federal
The Progressive Era ignited one’s greater desire for family unity however, teenager delinquency was increasing. Judge Benjamin Barr Lindsey is noted for one’s contribution to the American family with the creative plan of Juvenile Court Systems which was formed in 1901(Campbell, 1978). Judge Lindsey wanted to insure that minors would not be punished through adult judicial systems. The Juvenile Court Systems currently offers more services than originally planned. Juvenile Court provides services which protects neglected and abused minors and also is responsible for collecting child support payments.
The book, No Matter How Loud I Shout, takes an in-depth look at the juvenile court system in the state of California in the 1990s. Through a colorful narrative story the author, Edward Humes, paints of vivid picture of the how dysfunctional the system truly was. The main focus is on the various ways the system has failed many of the juveniles that it is intended to help. Peggy Beckstrand, the Deputy District Attorney, says it best “The first thing you learn about this place, is that nothing works.” (No Matter How Loud I Shout, 1996, p.31)
Although putting juveniles into institutions, for many juvenile offenders occurred in the first decades of the 1900s, extensive use of probation for juveniles existed as well. As it does today, probation gave a middle ground nature for judges connecting release and placement in an institution. By 1927, trial programs for juvenile offenders existed in approximately every state. In the 1940s and 1950s, reformers attempted to improve the conditions found in most juvenile institutions. Alternatives to institutions emerged, such as forestry and probation camps. These camps provided a prearranged setting for male juvenile offenders, while emphasizing learning and occupational skills. Though, the efficiency of these options as alternatives to incarceration was dubious since they were not obtainable to the worst offenders. Yet, these changes marked the start of formal, community-based instruction that would turn out to be more extensive in following decades.
This paper will analyze the different theoretical issues pertaining to the modern juvenile court, determine their origin, and suggest a course of action for resolving these issues to the best extent possible. It is important to note, however, that the juvenile justice system alone cannot ever prevent all juvenile crime, respond perfectly to every situation or treat every suspect fairly. Furthermore, an effective antidote to modern juvenile crime would necessitate far broader action, addressing underlying social structure inequalities that breed poverty and social disorganization.
The historical development of the juvenile justice system in the United States is one that is focused on forming and separating trying juveniles from adult counterparts. One of the most important aspects is focusing on ensuring that there is a level of fairness and equality with respect to the cognitive abilities and processes of juveniles as it relates to committing crime. Some of the most important case legislation that would strengthen the argument in regard to the development of the juvenile justice system is related to the reform of the justice system during the turn of the 19th century. Many juveniles were unfortunately caught in the crosshairs of being tried as adults and ultimately receiving punishments not in line with their ability to understand their actions or be provided a second chance.
This paper will discuss the history of the juvenile justice system and how it has come to be what it is today. When a juvenile offender commits a crime and is sentenced to jail or reform school, the offender goes to a separate jail or reforming place than an adult. It hasn’t always been this way. Until the early 1800’s juveniles were tried just like everyone else. Today, that is not the case. This paper will explain the reforms that have taken place within the criminal justice system that developed the juvenile justice system.
In conclusion, the development of the juvenile justice system resulted from social development and human needs. By modifying and integrating, the legal authorities have made the legal system more efficient and just to the young people, providing that necessary punishments are executed to the criminal acts while protections are given to the ordinary youth. It is believed that the stability of a society depends on a sound justice system.
This paper describes the various legislations and movements that were established in 19th century to address the issue of juvenile justice system. It outlines the challenges faced by the legislation and movements and their implications in addressing the issues of the juvenile justice system.
Over the years many laws and policies have been created and altered. As a result many activities have become illegal. With so many laws in place now, juvenile crime is also on the rise. More and more juveniles are being sent to prison than ever before. The goal of the juvenile justice system was to rehabilitate but now it is more focused on punishment. However, many rehabilitation programs are still in place to help delinquent juveniles get back on the path to becoming successful productive members of society. One program that comes to mind is the restorative justice program.
Due to the increased recognized differences between adults and juveniles in terms of needs and developmental capabilities, offender’s treatment differ depending on whether they are treated in an adult or juvenile court. In the adult court jurisdiction, public safety and retribution are the most salient tenets while in the juvenile courts the best the intentions are intended towards the best interest of the child focusing on rehabilitation. The best goals and objectives of the juvenile court sanctions aim at ensuring that the youth in trial at the juvenile court desists from delinquent behavior and thus easy to be reintegrated in the society once more. This fact is mainly achieved through offering the youth individualized case management programs
The growing number of children engaging in criminal activities led to the development of parens patriae, dramatically changed the punishment process and has acquired new approaches to the criminal sentencing of juvenile delinquents. In the United States, juvenile courts operate in a different approach from criminal courts in which there is an absence of criminal records, lack of jury trials, consideration of the juvenile’s social situation and an emphasis on rehabilitation alternatives. Moreover, with the increase in juvenile crime rate, preventing children from committing crime and the separate legal framework for juvenile delinquents will require continuing advances in federal
From Theory to Practice: Delinquency Prevention; Alternatives to the Juvenile Justice System; Improving the Juvenile Justice System. (1982). Department of Justice, Washington, DC. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
The act of participating in a crime by a minor is considered juvenile delinquency. This criminal act may be punished by many different means, designed specifically to deal with those who are under the statutory age of majority, which is the threshold of adulthood in law. However, many people argue that the severity of the juvenile prosecution system isn't high enough to order proper punishment. Therefore, juvenile offenders should be tried under adult laws. In 1899, the Juvenile Court Act was approved which established the nation's first juvenile court. It was founded on three principles: young offenders are not ready to be held accountable, have not fully developed a sense of maturity, and can rehabilitate as well as change their behavior. Now, anyone charged with committing a criminal act before their 18th birthday is considered a juvenile offender. More than ever, the country has begun to question the reliability of the juvenile courts. The juvenile court system should be abolished. It is not only too unrestricted for the juvenile offenders, but is also an inefficient response to
Juvenile court is a special court or department of a trial court which deals with under-age defendants charged with crimes or who are neglected or out of the control of their parents. The normal age of these defendants is under 18, but juvenile court does not have jurisdiction in cases in which minors are charged as adults. The procedure in juvenile court is not always adversarial, although the minor is entitled to legal representation by a lawyer. Parents or social workers and probation officers may be involved in the process to achieve positive results and sav...
"So many kids end up in the juvenile justice system before they've been able to get help. They end up getting it (help) through the juvenile justice system, and that's wrong. A kid shouldn't have to commit a crime to get the help that they need."(-Lori Reynolds). The following essay gives data on the current epidemic of juvenile delinquency in the