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John stuart mill the roots of oppression of women
Women's rights in the french revolution essay
Women's suffrage in the 18th century
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It was only with the advent of modern socio-political structures of democracy in the West, the society as a whole took up women’s cause for gender equality. It was during the French Revolution that the idea that women might share political power gained support. The intellectual uprising in France led by the philosophers, Voltaire, Montesquieu and Rousseau that resulted in the French Revolution of 1789 could not have left women unaffected. The demands for liberty, equality and fraternity in the French Revolution, could not have been sustained without extending the universal ideas to everyone, irrespective of sex. Though women came in the lead to support the French Revolution, enfranchisement did not come for them with the Revolution. Philosophers …show more content…
He drew attention to the consequences of women’s deprivation of the right to vote. He refuted claims that women were inherently inferior. He felt strongly that rational men would only gain from the emancipation of women. He wrote against the laws which kept women subordinate and the political system that excluded women from the franchise. The election of John Stuart Mill to Parliament in 1865 marked the beginning of the real battle for women’s enfranchisement. Mill argued that when voting rights had not reduced the efficiency of men how they could affect women adversely in any way (Patrick Hollis 1979: 154). Mill also dismissed the contention that most women did not wish for the suffrage, he further stressed that to expect most women to take interest in great public questions without giving them the right to vote was not …show more content…
Finland gave widows and unmarried women local voting rights in 1865 itself. However, all women in that country received universal suffrage in 1906. Women tax payers in Norway received the right to vote in municipal elections in 1901. In 1907, women who had the right to vote in local elections could exercise their franchise in national elections. In 1910 all women were able to vote in municipal elections which in 1913 were extended to national elections. Danish women started voting in municipal elections from 1907 and for parliament from 1915. Until 1910, only three countries extended to women the right to vote in national legislatures. Between 1910 and 1920 women in twelve more countries secured voting
Women were trying to get the vote for many years before 1900, however this was not a serious concern and they were not doing much to achieve this. However in 1900 this all changed. The NUWSS (Suffragists) and the WSPU (Suffragettes) were set up in the early years of 1900; their goal was to allow women to get the vote. Their reason was that women were already allowed to work on city councils and become doctors, some notable ones too such as Florence Nightingale. The NUWSS believed that if women were house owners and had respectable jobs they should be allowed to vote. This is because men who were allowed to vote could be white slave owners and lunatics so why could these men vote and women could not? Notably however Queen Elizabeth herself proclaimed that women should not get muddled up with the world of politics.
Throughout the 1800s, women across the world began establishing organizations to demand women’s suffrage in their countries. Today, there are still women in countries fighting for their right to vote. Some countries who’ve succeeded in the mid to late 1800s were Sweden and New Zealand. Once they expanded women’s suffrage, many other countries followed. Like Sweden, countries first granted limited suffrage to women and other countries approved to the full national level. Additionally, there were quite a few countries who had taken over a century to give women the right to vote, Qatar being a prime example. Although the fight for women’s suffrage varied in the United States, France, and Cuba in terms of length and process, each effort ultimately
Despite all this, women could still vote in some things. The 1869 and 1882 Municipal Council Acts allowed women to vote in council elections. Women could also vote in elections for School Boards from 1870, for Boards of Health from 1875 and in elections to the London County Council from 1889. The Local Government Acts of 1894 and 1899, which set up district and borough councils, also included women as voters.
All adult women finally got the vote with the Nineteenth Amendment, also known as the Susan B. Anthony Amendment, in 1920.
Before 1920 women did not have the right to vote. They were known as “second class citizens”. Women were to stay home to help and organize the family’s necessities. Having any other higher power was said to be way out of their limitations. Mainly because women weren’t fully exposed to the happenings outside of the home, which led to the male figure believing that it was impossible for women to vote if they didn’t know the facts. Men thought that if women were able to vote that they would reach a power, that they could not take away and they didn’t want that. Men wanted to be head of the household and everything else in between.
In 1920, the Nineteenth Amendment was sign into the Constitution, granting women the rights to vote.
Although they were fighting for a worthy cause, many did not agree with these women’s radical views. These conservative thinkers caused a great road-block on the way to enfranchisement. Most of them were men, who were set in their thoughts about women’s roles, who couldn’t understand why a woman would deserve to vote, let alone want to vote. But there were also many women who were not concerned with their fundamental right to vote. Because some women were indifferent in regards to suffrage, they set back those who were working towards the greater good of the nation. However, the suffragettes were able to overcome these obstacles by altering their tactics, while still maintaining their objective.
Instead of getting the country to give women the right to vote, the American Woman Suffrage Association came up with a tactic of giving women the right to vote on a state-by-state basis. In 1869, Wyoming became the first state to give women the right to vote. She even took part in an election, illegally, in 1872.
In Mill’s essay, he places the blame for the suffrage of woman on custom. He says, “custom...affords i...
The right to vote went to the land holding male of the family, all-though in many instances women were capable of swaying their husband’s opinions. Women were not the furthest from liberty, though they were still subject to man’s will. “As factories began to do many of the things women had done at home previously, such as spinning and weaving, women were left with a little time to devote to other projects.” Other projects, including: education, protection of women and later women’s suffrage. Laws did not protect women from their husband’s the way they act today; when a woman married, she lost control of her rights, under coverture: “that is, the very being or legal existence of the woman is suspended during the marriage, or at least is incorporated and consolidated into that of the husband: under whose wing… she performs everything.” Safeguards did exist, that kept men from treating women outside of their station, however women had no protection, financially, from their husband’s poor decisions. Unmarried women were starting to become a common occurrence in the years leading up to the civil war. “They had the legal right to live where they pleased, and
The nineteenth century encountered some of most revolutionary movements in the history of our nation, and of the world – the movements to abolish slavery and the movement for women’s rights. Many women participated alongside men in the movement to abolish slavery, and “their experience inspired feminist social reformers to seek equality with men” (Bentley, Ziegler, and Streets-Salter 2015, pg. 654). Their involvement in the abolition movement revealed that women suffered many of the same legal disadvantages as slaves, most noticeably their inability to access the right to vote. Up until this time, women had little success in mobilizing their efforts to gain the right to vote. However, the start of the women’s rights movement in the mid-1800s, involving leaders such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, paved the path for the expansion of women’s rights into the modern century.
The role of women in society has always been an issue throughout the ages and throughout Western Europe, and more or less all over the world. Before the age of the Enlightenment, or the Dark Ages, women were always seen as secondary to men in all aspects. Most reasons were religious, while others were just the way life was then. By the late 18th century, at the time of the French Revolution and the continuance of the Enlightenment era, the role of women in society began changing drastically as the lights of the world were now open with this brand new enlightened era. Women began holding jobs, yet still did not receive the same privileges as men.
Through the use of messages such as public conventions, speeches, literary pieces, published works, unions, groups, and memorabilia, the suffrage movement’s goal of achieving equal voting rights for women to be the same as men can be credited as providing the stomping grounds for women to seek a stronger hand in society and to the evolution of women’s rights to include equal freedoms to men in arenas such as education, the work force, and military involvement.
case of a divorce from their spouse. It was not until 1896 that women had gained the “right vote in in
Women fought for so long to achieve equality and perceive the right to vote throughout history. They have been denied their access to multiple sources labeling them as minorities and property. In this era women played the role of a house-wife that only stayed at home to obey their husbands and to take care of their children. Therefore, women were portrayed as weak and submissive beings who had a second-class role in the society. However, the restriction for them to vote led to them standing out for the rights they deserved. The women of the 1800s finally realized that something had to be done about this; as a result, the women’s fight to gain their right to vote started.