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The practice of philosophy is the rational and reasonable discussion on the fundamental ideas of society. Philosophy discusses the legitimacy of religion, the ethics of politics, the nature of knowledge itself as well as all dilemmas and beliefs held in society. Philosophy is an age old practice that has had an immeasurable amount of influence on the progression of humanity. Philosophers have created space for questions to be raised, and reasonable and rational discussion to take place. One of the foremost discussions in this practice is the idea of an existence of a supreme all good, all knowing, and all powerful creator. The philosophical discussion on religion and more specifically on the existence of a god hinges on the dilemma of the …show more content…
Some theodicies prove to be objective and intelligent explanations for the problem of evil, and others are feeble justifications for the intense suffering seen in the natural world. John Hick, a theist philosopher discusses the idea that god has a reason for evil. His essay on the reason for evil discusses the idea the when god created the universe he thought about what being he wanted to create. According to Hick, he wanted to create a being that could freely morally develop rather than creating a world in which humans are already morally perfect. Hick argues that moral and spiritual development that is freely chosen is fundamentally superior to moral perfection that would simply be given to human beings. Hick describes evil’s purpose as to assist human beings in the development of moral perfection. He believes that humanity begins self-centered and selfish, but with development and moral advancement there is the capability of …show more content…
Rowe is what he characterizes himself as a “friendly” atheist. This type of atheism is defined as individuals who accept the idea that some types of theism are rational and justifiable. He expresses that a rational idea does not have to be true to be rational but simply has to follow logical and reasonable thought processes. Rowe describes theism as having a rational possibility of being true; though, the solutions to the problem of evil contrived and believed by theists are fundamentally not substantial enough for Rowe to consider as accurate or
Religion has been a controversial topic among philosophers and in this paper I am focusing
The controversial topic involving the existence of God has been the pinnacle of endless discourse surrounding the concept of religion in the field of philosophy. However, two arguments proclaim themselves to be the “better” way of justifying the existence of God: The Cosmological Argument and the Mystical Argument. While both arguments attempt to enforce strict modus operandi of solidified reasoning, neither prove to be a better way of explaining the existence of God. The downfall of both these arguments rests on commitment of fallacies and lack of sufficient evidence, as a result sabotaging their validity in the field of philosophy and faith.
In the excerpt from Philosophy of Religion, John Hicks outlines the problem of evil as such:
Throughout the world, most people believe in some type of god or gods, and the majority of them understand God as all-good, all-knowing (omniscient), and all-powerful (omnipotent). However, there is a major objection to the latter belief: the “problem of evil” (P.O.E.) argument. According to this theory, God’s existence is unlikely, if not illogical, because a good, omniscient, and omnipotent being would not allow unnecessary suffering, of which there are enormous amounts.
The existence of God is quite controversial issue. God has different names in the world, and a lot of people, strongly believe in his existence. While, on the other hand, there are also people who don’t believe in his existence. In their discussion entitled “Does God Exist?” William Lane Craig, who is the supporter of the idea of existence of God, debates with Austin Dacey, who is an atheist, on the idea of existence of God. They provide the strong arguments and their debates are quite interesting, and innovative (not similar to those arguments, we usually read about in book). These are the fresh views on the question of existence and non-existence of God.
H J McCloskey intelligently put his thoughts together and shared his beliefs in his article called “On Being an Athiest” addressing some key arguments discussed in atheism and theism from an atheistic point of view. He makes no apologies for bringing up a difficult topic and for trying to argue persuasively for his views. He makes a great point when he states, “…I make no apology for doing so, as it is useful for us to remind ourselves of the reasons for and virtues of our beliefs (50).” Whether a theist or an atheist we should know what we believe and why we believe what we believe. This paper will use the material recently studied in Philosophy to respond to “proofs” and ideas put forth by McCloskey in his article.
The Devil’s Delusion: Atheism and Its Scientific Pretensions by David Berlinski uses clever and unique critiques of militant atheism and its devotion to scientism. Ten in depth chapters shed light on the dogmatic stance of many of today’s popular “new atheists.” According to Berlinski new atheism poses itself as the sole holder of truth through science, “And like any militant church, this one places a familiar demand before all others: Thou shalt have no other gods before me” (10). Berlinski (a secular Jew) approaches ideas with his own mixture of intelligence and thought filled logic; exploring the world as well as important philosophical questions pertaining to “new atheism”. Thus providing the information needed to explore the sides for both and existence and nonexistence of God.
Evans, C. Stephen. Critical Dialog in Philosophy of Religion. 1985. Downers Grove, IL. InterVarsity Press. Taken from Philosophy of Religion - Selected Readings, Fourth Edition. 2010. Oxford University Press, NY.
Theology is an intentionally reflective endeavor. Every day we reflect upon the real, vital, and true experience of the benevolent God that exists. We as humans tend to be social beings, and being so we communicate our beliefs with one another in order to validate ourselves. Furthermore atheism has many forms, three of the most popular atheistic beliefs include: scientific atheism, humanistic atheism and the most popular one being protest atheism. Scientific atheism is the idea that science is the answer for everything and god is not existent. The humanistic approach states that society is self-sufficient; therefore God is not needed for survival. Therefore how could he exist? The position that I will argue in this paper is the pessimistic idea of protest atheism.
The existence of god has been relentlessly debated with many strong arguments. This essay will primarily discuss the most prevalent arguments for and against the existence of a higher being. Although there are many strong arguments for both atheism and theism, ultimately the theist point of view is greater justified morally and logically.
On page 22 of the textbook, Rowe provides an example that he thinks helps validate the view of a “friendly atheist”. He proposes that when you are lost at sea after a plane crash, your friend has a rationally justified belief that you have perished while you have a rationally justified disbelief in that statement. This example does not fit because you already know for sure that you are right in your disbelief, while you know that your friend lacks the required evidence to have a more accurate belief.
Through out history there have been questions of where we come from and how we got here. It all comes down to the question of God’s existence. God’s existence has never been questioned during the times of when Christianity, Judaism and Islam were born. The question of God’s existence comes from our new way of thinking after these religions. Science has made us think of how things work in our world and brings Gods existence into question. There were no scientific studies done during the days of Jesus to prove that God exists, so where did the people in history get this idea of God from? Many philosophers have been questioning and giving their ideas of God and his existence. The ideas that we may have of God is usually connected with religion and our beliefs. One philosopher that touches on this topic is Descartes. Descartes gives his ideas on God’s existence and his out look on our selves compared to God. Most religions believe that there is a God and that he has created everything around us. Everyone has a different answer to this question that they think is the right one. Throughout this paper, I will be discussing God’s existence, while looking at Descartes ideas and through different perspectives of whether or not God exist as well.
Webster's Dictionary defines philosophy as, "the most basic beliefs, concepts, and attitudes of an individual or group (Merriam-Webster)." Again, however, this definition leaves a lot of thinking room.
The word “philosophy” is derived from two roots that are “philo” and “Sophia.” Philo means love whereas Sophia means wisdom. Therefore, philosophy means the love of wisdom. In actual practice, philosophy entails study of, pursuit, and enquiry into wisdom. A good number of great philosophers have referred to philosophy as the art of thinking. Others have only defined it as the systematic study of human feelings and thoughts.
When I think of philosophy I think back to my personal beliefs and experiences. Philosophy for me is a term that goes beyond choosing what's right from wrong, philosophy goes deeper that a decision. Philosophy for me is the roots of my being and what determines the way I live my everyday life. Philosophy refers back to the codes I count on to help me handle situations better and find the right path that will bring me happiness within myself.