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Essay on reflection in education
Essay on reflection in education
Describe the elements of reflective practice
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Introduction One of the main issues that a classroom teacher faces today deals with how to integrate subjects in the classroom while promoting learning for all. This paper will examine how a unit integrates science and mathematics in the classroom. We will also address how the 12 science processes can be use in the lesson. In addition, we will examine how the use of differentiation can be use in this unit to address the needs of all the students. This paper will also address how assessments promote student learning. Finally this paper will show how the use of reflection thinking, manipulative and materials helps students develop a sense of science and fractions. The 12 Science Processes This unit on the apple life cycle includes the use of the 12 science processes in the following ways: the use of observing which is the process of gathering information using all appropriate senses and instruments that extend the senses (Bass, Contant, & Cain, 2009 p.30), is evident in this unit by having the student observe, feel, and taste a variety of apples. Classifying which is the process of grouping objects according to one or more properties (Bass, et, al.p.32), is also use in this unit by having the students sort the apples according to color, shape, and size. Bass, 2009, defines communicating as the process of recording, organizing, and reporting observations, measurements, experiments findings and conclusions (p.35). Communicating was used during this unit by having the students explain their hypothesis, working in small groups to recording findings during the favorite apple projects, writing facts about what they have learned for the day. Measuring which is the process of using either standard and nonstandard measures or estimate... ... middle of paper ... ...of students, and offers an array of activities to encourage the use of the twelve processes of science and the application of math skills using fractions. Finally the assessments given are authentic and allow the students time for reflection on their own learning. Works Cited Bass, Joel E., Contant, Terry, L., & Carin, Arthur, A (2009), Teaching Science as Inquiry, (11th ed.), Pearson Education, INC: Boston, MA. Nolen, J. (2003). Multiple Intelligences in the Classroom. Education (Chula Vista, Calif.), 124(1), 115-19. Retrieved April 25, 2011from OmniFile Full Text Select database Padilla, Michael J., (1990). Research Matters-to the Science Teacher, The Science Process Skills. Retrieved, April 25, 2011 from www.narst.org Tomlinson, C. A. (2003). Differentiating Instruction for Academic Diversity. (7th ed.), Houghton Mifflin, Boston MA.
Mayer, R.E. (2010). Applying the science of learning to instruction in school subjects. In R. J. Marzano (Ed.), On excellence in teaching, (pp. 92-111). Bloomington, IN: Solution Tree.
Steen, Lynn Arthur . "Integrating School Science and Mathematics: Fad or Folly?." St. Olaf College. (1999): n. page. Web. 12 Dec. 2013..
Howard Gardner’s theory contains eight main multiple intelligence. As the years have progressed there have taken one out and is left with the main seven. These seven are: Linguistic, Mathematical, Spatial, bodily, Musical, Interpersonal, and Intrapersonal. These are found in everyone; however, each person will excel in one or two. Once teachers can determine what intelligence the students will exceed on and teach to their strengths the student will learn much more.
Michael, S.et al. (2008). Prospects for improving K-12 science education from the federal level. Journal of Education 69(9): 677-683.
Jones, Rebecca. “Solving Problems in Math and Science Education.” The American School Board Journal. 185.7 (1998): 16-20.
Baker, D. (1996). A female friendly science classroom. Research Matters to the Science Teacher. 9602.
Research provided in the literature was done mostly with primary school aged children and completed using different areas of the curriculum. The research placed interactive whiteboards in a classroom with a projector and computer with the location being that of a typical whiteboard in the front of the classroom. The interactive whiteboards provide the opportunity to provide the curriculum to the student while interacting with the material and the teacher. Additional research from the literature was completed with pre-service teachers in Australia. They were pre-service primary education teachers studying the area of science education.
5. How did your lesson plan and instruction change over time to consider your student’s language and home culture? How have you ensured that you have made science learning accessible and relevant to
UniServe Science. (2004). Alternative strategies for science teaching and assessment. Retrieved March 7, 2004 from http://science.uniserve.edu.au/school/support/strategy.html
In Science, teachers serve as the facilitator of learning, guiding them through the inquiry process. Teachers must ask open-ended questions, allow time for the students to answer, avoid telling students what to do, avoid discouraging students’ ideas or behaviors, encourage to find solutions on their own, encourage collaboration, maintain high standards and order, develop inquiry-based assessments to monitor students’ progress, and know that inquiry may be challenging for some students so be prepared to provide more guidance. There are three types of Science inquiry: structured, guided, and open. Structured is the most teacher-centered form of inquiry. This type of inquiry is mainly seen in laboratory exercises where the teacher needs to provide structure, however the students are the ones who conduct the experiment and find conclusions. Guided inquiry is where the students are given tools to develop a process and find the results. As an example, the teacher would instruct the students to build a rocket, but not tell them how to design it. This leaves creativity and uniqueness for the students to be able to apply their knowledge and skills. Open inquiry is when students determine the problem, i...
They also need this relationship to be able to plan their lesson effectively. For children, understanding the nature and process of science is dependent upon their developmental level and the experiences teachers provide for them. Children can begin to understand what science is, who does science, and how scientists work through classroom activities, stories about scientists, and class discussions. Teachers should provide children with many opportunities to make observations with all their senses, to look for patterns in what they observe, and to share with others what they did and what they learnt from their
Evidence from both educational journals and personal interviews suggest several different possible approaches to successful science integration. Many of the lesson plans dealt with integrating science with technology or with mathematics. For example, a fifth-grade teacher had his class record weather observations for an entire year and then used their data to teach graphing concepts including bar graphs, line graphs, pie charts, as well as concepts such as mean and mode (Chia, 1998).
When integrating Nature of Science into curriculum, assumptions are made about students and instructors. These assumptions include that students are all at the same level in terms of science understanding and concepts as the rest of their classmates, and also assumes that the students learn at the same rates (NGSS: Appendix A). These assumptions are detrimental to science education when focus needs to be on the content being taught rather than teaching background of science as a standalone. Teaching NOS explicitly becomes increasingly difficult when students aren’t given access to proper science learning environments. As mentioned in the High Hopes – Few Opportunities reading, it is stated that, “California students do no typically experience high-quality science learning opportunities[.]” (Dorph et al., 2011). When students don’t have a basis for scientific concepts, it becomes increasingly difficult to teach NOS. America’s Lab Report further expands on the idea that this style of learning is not likely achievable, as “[N]o single […] experience is likely to achieve all of these learning goals.” (Schweingruber et al., 2005) where learning goals is referencing the goals of laboratory experiences that include understanding Nature of Science. Again, when a lack of understanding for general science exists, its arguably much more difficult to teach
Howard Gardner, a professor at Harvard, introduced his theory of multiple intelligences in 1983. Multiple intelligence’s is a theory about the brain that says human beings are born with single intelligence that cannot be changed, and is measurable by a psychologist. Gardner believes that there are eight different intelligences in humans. The eight are verbal linguistic, visual spatial, bodily kinesthetic, mathematical logic, musical, intrapersonal, interpersonal, and naturalist. Understanding these intelligence’s will help us to design our classroom and curriculum in a way that will appeal to all of our students. We might also be able to curve discipline problems by reaching a student in a different way. One that will make more sense to them and more enjoyable. We can include all of the intelligences in lessons to accommodate all of the students’ different learning styles at once. By reaching each students intelligence we can assume that a student will perform better which, could mean students retaining more important information. A students learning style can also help lead them into a more appropriate career direction. As a teacher you can also learn your own personal learning style or intelligence to help improve the way you learn and teach.
By incorporating NOS in science textbooks, not only we will be addressing the problem suggested by Sutton (1998), but, also, as teachers, we will be reinforcing scientific expertise needed in to develop active citizens while attaining two roles in scientific understandings that are “knowing how” science was established and “knowing that” which is constituted of facts and scientific knowledge (Bellous &Siegel, 1991). Finally, Sutton’s chapter provides a concise framework for teachers and research scholars to view science teaching and scientific knowledge from a different perspective. Such that the science content and teaching should be viewed from the scientists’ perspective to the extent that collaboration between scientific community is needed to reach such