Georgios Grivas is arguably the most influential character in the political Cyprus events of the last century. His undying passion for Cypriot Enosis and leadership through the conception of EOKA, was crucial to the Greek Cypriot movements towards independence and unity. A natural leader and man of action, Grivas founded several organizations, such as Organization X, EOKA, and EOKA B, and orchestrated countless resistance movements and attacks to fulfill his vision of a Greek Cyprus.
Grivas had military ambitions from a young age. He first attended the Athens Military Academy at the age of eighteen and finished his studies at the Ecole Militaire in Paris1. As a sub-lieutenant he went directly to the Asia Minor front, beginning his life-long
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Grivas escaped capture twice in Spilia and Kykkos when surrounded by British forces4. Then he was secretly transferred to a hideout in Limassol by car with EOKA fighter, Kostis Efstathiou, commonly known as Pachykostis. From Limassol he directed military activities as well as the political campaign because Makarios had been exiled to the Seychelles in March 1956. Throughout the struggle, the British colonial administration offered a reward of 10,000 British pounds as well as a passage to anywhere in the world for information leading to the arrest of Grivas. It was crucial for Grivas to have passionate and loyal followers for this reason.
In 1959, the Zurich-London agreements were signed declaring Cyprus an independent state and Grivas ordered a cease-fire although his main goal of Enosis was not achieved. At this time, Grivas’ and Makarios’ views began to diverge more. Makarios accepted the agreements and Grivas came out of hiding and departed for Athens. There he received a hero’s welcome because he succeeded in liberating the Greek Cypriots and the Greek Parliament and Athens Academy gave him the highest honors and promoted to
The main themes in this book are war, power, heroism, love, loyalty and growth. We are given further insight into the classical Greek society as Alexas reminisces about his family life, his training as an athlete, the Olympic Games, his homosexual relationship with his mentor Lysis, and his encounters with Socrates the Philosopher. The main characters seem dogged by guilt, loneliness or failure, often the failure to love. The book ends on a triumphant note, with the Athenians defeating the Spartans, and liberating their city from the corrupt politicians.
MLK Jr. Apostle of Militant Nonviolence. Everyone that has been through the American school system within the past 20 years knows exactly who Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is, and exactly what he did to help shape the United States to what it is today. In the beginning of the book, Martin Luther King Jr. Apostle of Militant Nonviolence, by James A. Colaiaco, he states that “this book is not a biography of King, [but] a study of King’s contribution to the black freedom struggle through an analysis and assessment of his nonviolent protest campaigns” (2). Colaiaco discusses the successful protests, rallies, and marches that King put together. .
Prados, John. Safe for Democracy The Secret Wars of the CIA. Chicago, IL: Ivan R Dee, Publisher, 2006.
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was one of the greatest civil rights leaders to ever live. Through his empowering speeches, he made a huge impact on the world for the equality of all races. Throughout King’s life, he showed everyone how he believed equality should be acquired. With his peaceful protests and amazing speeches, he influenced people both during his time and after he passed. Many believe that King’s work in the Civil Rights Movement was the final push that America needed to finally respect people no matter their skin color.
SoRelle, Larry Madaras and James. Unit 3 The Cold War and Beyond. McGraw-Hill, 2012. Book.
The stunning Greek defeat of the Persians, the specter of which lurks behind the events of the Peloponnesian Wars, was for Herodotus proof of the superiority of Hellenic form of government and way of life, and Herodotus ends his history at this pinnacle of Greek history. Thucydides then accepts the task of chronicling Greece’s unraveling from a position as the dominant power of the Mediterranean, and a center of cultural, technological, and political development to the final result of the Peloponnesian Wars—a fractured, demoralized, and dependent Greece that lies wide open to foreign conquest. This result is, for Thucydides, apparent from the beginning of the conflict. Greece can only dominate when the balance of power between Athens and Sparta is maintained, and the destruction of either is tantamount to the destruction of the whole. An accurate understanding of the national characters of Athens and Sparta makes it clear which of the two will ultimately be the victor of a long, arduous military struggle, but the same understanding of national character makes it equally apparent that the one which can dominate militarily cannot lead Greece. The speeches made at the First Lacedaemonian Congress emphasize not only the character of the two nations in conflict, but more broadly, the inevitability of Hellenic demise as a result of this conflict.
Athens government and military is considerably different from their neighbors. According to Pericles, Athens government is not a copy of our neighbors...
Bobby Seale is the son of a carpenter, a political activist, African American, and co-founder of the Black Panther Party. He is famous for helping his fellow Black Americans get equal rights. Seale was born in 1936 on October 22 in Dallas, Texas. During the second world war, Seale and his family moved west to Oakland, California. After Seale finished highschool, aged 18, he joined the air force where he was let go after serving for 3 years.
Karen DeYoung, Soldier: The Life of Colin Powell (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2006), 146.
Nardo, Don. The Ancient Greeks at Home and at Work. 1st ed. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 2004. Print.
Pomeroy, Sarah B. Ancient Greece: A Political, Social, and Cultural History. New York: Oxford UP, 1999. Print.
Glass, N. "Examining the Benefits of Greek Life." USA TODAY College. N.p., 08 May 2012. Web. 20 May 2014.
The military is tasked with the duty and responsibility of protecting the nation from external attacks and managing any attacks that may happen. Over the years, countries across the world have engaged in conflicts originating from differences in policies and invasion of privacy and unfair treatment of citizens in foreign countries. In...
Tomkinson, John L. (2008) The Cold War: Themes in Twentieth Century World History for the International Baccalaureate. 3rd edition. Athens: Anagnosis.
Robin Sowerby, The Greeks: An Introduction To Their Culture. Published in 1995 by Routledge Publishers.