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The effect of peer pressure
Television violence effect on society
The effect of peer pressure
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There’s an ancient chinese proverb that states “A child’s life is like a piece of paper on which everyone who passes by leaves an impression” (Great-Quotes.com.) People blindly believe that children are easily influenced by violent cartoons on television. From generation to generation parents are always warned not to allow their kids to watch too much violent cartoons. What kids watch- and not just how much- matters when it comes to television viewing (Rochman.) But just how true is that? Research on the negative influences of cartoons on children is inconclusive and complex.
The American Psychological Association believe television violence affects young children negatively after doing many case studies. They believe children can learn aggressive attitudes and behaviors. Children can become desensitized to real world violent behavior. Young kids can develop a fear of being victimized by violence. The American Academy of Pediatrics and American Academy of Adolescent Psychiatry believe that television does influence the behavior of children from as young as one years old (Kalin.) These are all seemingly reliable resources to encourage that belief violent cartoons does affect young children.
But just how much does it affect them? If they affect children at all? Separating other factors that can influence violent behavior is almost impossible. Can you really separate media violence from all the other factors that can influence violent behaviors? (Rochman.) Real life has more of an effect than fantasy violence (Cutler.) For instance, children who have a parent who went to jail are more likely to go to the jail than children who watch the violent animated cartoon Happy Tree Friends.If a child has have abusive parents or siblings, ther...
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...Effect on Children. N.p., 15 Nov. 2009. Web. 06 Nov. 2013.
Frazier, Stacy L., and Others And. “The Effects of Television Violence and Early Harsh Discipline on Children’s Social Cognitions and Peer-Directed Aggression.” (1997): ERIC. Web. 24 Sep. 2013. .
Kalin, Carla. Television, Violence, and Children. Media Literacy Review. University of Oregon College of Education, 10 May 2003. Web. 16 Oct. 2013.
Ledingham, Jane E., Ledingham C. A., & Richardson, John E. (1993). La violence dans les médias: ses effets sur les enfants. Retrieved October 28, 2009, from http://dsp-psd.pwgsc.gc.ca/Collection/H72-21-91-1993F.pdf
Rochman, Bonnie. “Study: Fast- Moving Cartoons Like SpongeBob May Impair Kids’ Focus.” Time: Health & Family. Mag., 12 Sep. 2011. Web. 7 Oct. 2013.
As a child, I always looked forward to Saturday morning cartoons. My family had the most basic cable package, which consisted of fewer than twenty channels. These did not include popular kid’s channels such as Nickelodeon or Disney Channel. One morning per week cartoons appeared on my TV screen, and I would wake up early, excited and engrossed in the plotlines. As times have changed and more research has been conducted, opinions on the effects of have cartoons changed. Several medical organizations came together in 2000 to submit a joint statement to Congress expressing “viewing entertainment violence can lead to increases in aggressive attitudes, values, and behavior, particularly in children” (Wilson, 2008, p.100). Today there are correlations between aggressive cartoons and aggressive behavior in children. There have also been findings supporting educational television programs, but we are left to discern what qualifies as educational. I have chosen to review two cartoons I grew up watching; PBS’s Arthur and Cartoon Network’s Pokémon. I viewed the first two episodes of each program, and drew my conclusions from these observations. In this paper, I offer basic synopsis of each television program and assess some of their basic features such as targeted age group, promotion of pro- or anti-social behavior, as well as themes and cultural and gender aspects. I then analyze these aspects in their effect on early childhood development, whether positive or negative.
It is well-known that a lot of kids who watch hours of cartoons do not participate in any physical activities; however, I have realized that cartoons can influence kids to participate in physical activities. For example, if a child watches how much fun Charlie Brown haves when playing baseball, the child will probably want to play baseball, too. Children who watch cartoons that contain outdoor adventures, such as Backyardigans, Dragon Tales, and Dora the Explorer will want to go outside and have imaginary adventures, which increasing their physical activity levels. Of course, there is no direct medical evidence of this claim, but by using logical reasoning from other medical studies, which shows that children tend to duplicate the behavior that they see on cartoons; for example, Professor L Rowell Huesmann, senior research professor at the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan says that there 's evidence that exposure to media violence can lead to aggressive behavior and ideas, provocation and anger in viewers; therefore, this research professor is stating that children tend to — not always — pattern the behavior and ideas portrayed in cartoons; therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that children can duplicate the physical activities (behavior) that they see in cartoons
In an article written by Kevin D. Browne and Catherine Hamilton-Giachritsis out of Lancet, dated 2/19/2005, Volume 365 in issue 9460, on page 702 a collection of research shows short-term effects increasing the likelihood of aggressive or fearful behavior in younger children, especially in boys. It also shows research stating that there is a very weak correlation directly between media violence and acted out aggression. This article basically states that violent media being watched by children does impression and arouse some, but does not associate strongly with violent acts. This would help explain the fact that millions of kids watch violent television shows and remain nonviolent.
Weapons appear almost all the time on the television. Children can watch acts of violence at any given time in their bedrooms; children shows are becoming more violent. Many different cartoons release on the television almost every month, for the entertainment of the youth. Studies have noted that cartoons contain at least 20 to 25 violent acts per, which overpower other programs. Forty-six percent of cartoons are made up of violence. Some may say that cartoon violence is not realistic, therefore it is not damaging, but cartoon violence has been proven to increase the likelihood of aggressive behavior in the youth.
Cartoons on a television are glue to children. Children will spend hours a day watching their favorite cartoons, such as “SpongeBob SquarePants” or “Adventure Time.” Unfortunately, the content on these shows, and several others, can harm children. Directly, cartoons can affect how children think and act; additionally, this leads to the indirect effect of children physically hurting one another.
American Psychological Association. "Violence on Television. What Do Children Learn? What Can Parents Do?" APA Online. www.apa.org/publicinfo/violence.html. Accessed October 23, 2001.
Most American's would agree that children watch a lot of TV. It's common to see a child sitting in front of the TV on a Saturday morning with their Coco Pebbles watching their favorite superhero. This sounds harmless enough. However, many parents and teachers across the country are worried about the cartoons their children are watching. They feel that the cartoons have become too violent and are having negative long-term effects on children. It is common to see young boys pretending to shoot one another, while jumping on the couch and hiding in closets as a sort of make-believe fort. But parents say that children are learning these behaviors from cartoons and imitating them. Others however, disagree, they say that violence in cartoons does not effect children and that children need this world of fantasy in their lives. They say that children would show these same behaviors regardless of the content of the cartoons they watch.
'Television also conditions a child to dual stimui: sound and images.';(Neural Activity and the Growth of the Brain) The constant and rapidly changing sound and images can condition a child to expect the level of televisions in other situations. The problem with this is that in school children are called upon to speak, to listen, to work some problems, or read, and none of these tasks contain the 'dual stimula'; that children expect from television. Dr. Hinto...
As early as 1958 investigations were being conducted of the effects of television on children. During this time, the researchers found that most of the television content was extremely violent. In almost half of the television hours monitored, the programs main focus contained violence. The common theme that was seen throughout the programs were crime, shooting, fighting, and murder. The universal definition of violence used was, "Any overt depiction of the use of physical force, or the credible threat of such force, to intend to physically harm an animated being or group of beings." In this investigation, Wilbur Schramm concluded that under some conditions, some violent television could effect some children. For the most part, most television is neither helpful or harmful to most kids under most circumstances. As you can see this conclusion is quiet vague, and does not give a lot of crucial information for us to correct and improve. Schramm and his colleagues came up with a solution for parents to provide a warm, loving, secure family environment for their children, and they would have little to worry about.
Television violence causes destructive behavior in children, however; television can be a powerful influence to young viewers in our society. Unfortunately, much of today's television programming are very violent. Many researchers like scientists, pediatricians, and child researchers in many countries have studied to find out what it is about television violence that makes it such a big affect on the way kids act and behave. Sometimes, children think that is a normal thing in our real life, by watching only a single violent program, which can increase aggressiveness on children and become violent, aggressive, and vicious.
No one type of violence is more effective on aggression than another type. There is no evidence showi... ... middle of paper ... ... visoryboard.org/ratings/index.html>. Fisher, Deborah A. "Television Violence Contributes to Aggressive Behavior in Young People."
Furthermore, television violence causes aggressive behavior in children. Many people believe that children who watch violent television programs exhibit more aggressive behavior than that exhibited by children who do not (Kinnear 23). According to the results of many studies and reports, violence on television can lead to aggressive behavior in children (Langone 50). Also, when television was introduced into a community of children for the first time, researchers observed a rise in the level of physical and verbal aggression among these children (Langone 51). The more television violence viewed by a child, the more aggressive the child is (“Children” 1).
Children have become much more interested in cartoons over many years and it has become a primary action to some lives. Typically, children begin watching cartoons on television at an early age of six months, and by the age two or three children become enthusiastic viewers. This has become a problem because too many children are watching too much television and the shows that they are watching (even if they are cartoons) have become violent and addictive. The marketing of cartoons has become overpowering in the United States and so has the subliminal messaging. The marketing is targeted toward the children to cause them to want to view the cartoons on a regular basis, but the subliminal messaging is for the adults’ to target them into enjoying the “cartoons”. This is unfortunate because children watch the cartoons on the television and they see material that is not appropriate for their age group. The Children who watch too much cartoons on television are more likely to have mental and emotional problems, along with brain and eye injuries and unexpectedly the risk of a physical problem increases.
should be censored to an extent, yet they do not see the significant effect that regular television shows really have on their children.As a child grows, more and more statistics are proving that they are being exposed to too many shows that should be censored. Many studies have concluded that young children are most affected by what they see on television (Dritz, Russel 1996). For example, a child that watches a cartoon with a lot
The regularity and asperity of media violence has dramatically increased over the years. The Media exists in almost every aspect of people’s lives and exposure to violence in the media is becoming a large concern. People are exposed violent acts in the media everyday between video games, movies, and television. Parents are distressed over the fact tha...