Leopri Nocon
Term Paper: Issues on Infant Mortality
Leopri Nocon
Infant Morality
Introduction
Infant Mortality in the United States of America and Guam is high. Unfortunately, more than 25,000 infants are killed in the United States every year. Infant mortality by lexical definition is the death of a child under one year of age. Infant mortality is a depressing and stressful incident, and takes a toll on the family that has experienced it.
The rate of infant mortality is based off every 1000 live births. It is said that for every one thousand live births six unfortunately die. Infant mortality rate is used to access the value on behalf of health and well being of the nation. This factor affects the health of entire population of the nation, which the mortality rate of infants impacts. Genetics, age, race, and ethnicity play an obvious role in infant mortality. For instance according to Center of control disease “the mortality rate for non-Hispanic black infants is more than twice that of non-Hispanic white infants.”(Center of control disease)
Education would definitely be the main factor. Interconnecting schoolwork with reality will raise awareness especially that health classes are not being required by school agencies. Having a sustainable support effort in schools will raise and help prevent the teenagers from getting pregnant. Education can also be found through our social networks, and having a prevention system that attracts the youth would be one of the best ways of communicating with them.
There are many causes in which infants die before they turn one. Some of these cases where the infant dies could have been prevented. A few examples of which can lead to infant mortality is when a child is born wit...
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...rall the best way to have a healthy born baby is to be educated. Asking questions to your doctor or other physicians can help to improve your pregnancy. The physician can help to reduce your stress level as well as to help your physical needs. Prenatal pills will be administer by your doctor to insure the baby will be fully developed and receives the right amount of nutrients. Education, having a positive mentality, and positive physical health can almost guarantee that your baby will survive and will not add to the infant mortality rate.
Graphs and Charts
http://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/MaternalInfantHealth/InfantMortality.htm
http://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/MaternalInfantHealth/PregComplications.htm
healthypeople.gov/2020/GetInvolved/HealthyPeoplePresentation_2_24_11.ppt
http://healthypeople.gov/2020/LHI/micHealth.aspx?tab=data
First, I will give out some statistics of infant mortality rates in America. According to an Amnesty International report, two maternal deaths occur every day for African-American women. Even though 99% of birth-related deaths happen in developing countries, these numbers for African American women in a country with world renowned health facilities are discouraging.
O'Connor, P. (2008, October 18). US infant mortality rate now worse than 28 other countries. Retrieved June 9, 2010, from World Socialist Web Site: http://www.wsws.org/articles/2008/oct2008/mort-o18.shtml
From year to year, the number of SIDS deaths tends to remain constant despite fluctuations in the overall number of infant deaths. The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) report...
Infant mortality is considered a worldwide indicator of a nation’s health status. The United States still ranks 24th in infant mortality compared with other industrialized nations, even though infant mortality has declined steadily over the past several decades. Compared with the national average in 1996 of 7.2 deaths per 1,000 live births, the largest disparity is among blacks with a death rate of 14.2 per 1,000 in 1996 which is almost 2½ times that of white infants (6 deaths per 1,000 in 1996). American Indians as a whole have an infant death rate of 9 deaths per 1,000 in 1995, but some Indian communities have an infant mortality rate almost twice that of the national rate. The same applies to the Hispanic community, whose rate of 7.6 deaths per 1,000 births in 1995 doesn’t reflect the Puerto Rican community, whose rate was 8.9 deaths per 1,000 births in 1995.
A general description of SIDS is rather difficult to come by, mainly because of the overwhelming vagueness of the disease and its questionable etiology. Out of all SIDS deaths, 90% occur in infants less than 6 months of age. In deaths occurring in infants between 2 and 4 months of age, 70% are due to SIDS. These deaths are most likely to occur during the winter and fall months. Roughly 3,000 – 4,000 babies die of sudden infant death in the United States annually.
a baby ranging from low birth weight and abnormalities to death. There are a few government
Statistics show the impact that preemies are causing as the rate of preterm birth increases every day. Any part of the world is affected no matter how advanced they are in technology. “One of every eight infants born in the United States is premature babies” (Medline Plus). These statistics are extremely high, however people can change it by getting involved in the community and helping preemies have a less chance to lose in their battle for life. In 2003; 499,008 infants were born prematurely (National Center for Health Statistics). The rates of preterm births have increased over the years. "In 1995: 11.0% of live births were born preterm, In 2006: 12.8% of live births were born preterm"(March of Dimes-Peristats). As the numbers keep increasing, many families are suffering and losing hope for they’re babies. African American women have the highest rate of preterm birth in 2004 with a 17.6% (Reedy, 2007). These statistics demonstrate the high frequenc...
It has been proposed that infant attachment styles do not change after the first year of life, the following essay will argue against this prompt in that ones attachment style will change continuously throughout life. Attachment theory is based on the joint work of Bowlby and Ainsworth (Bretherton, 1992). In recent years the idea of ‘attachment’ has become and increasingly popular debate within developmental psychology (Bretherton, 1992). Attachment theory provides an explanation on how parent and child relationships are formed and the important role they play in child development. However majority of the research into attachment has focused on identifying the stability of attachment rather then identifying the possible insatiability of
Based on these statistics, teen pregnancy is obviously a large issue in this county. A possible solution to the issue would be that sex education could to be taught in junior and senior high schools and be taught by parents more often. By the time of sex education, a vast majority of students have already had sex. This may have played a part in Tony, from The Other Wes Moore, being a father at such a young age. The ultimately best solution to help stop teen pregnancy in this county alone is to provide a “sex clinic” to these teenagers. A safe sex clinic is a way of providing teenagers the facts of the real world and even offering various forms of birth control. As other solutions, parents need to have a sex talk with their children, and schools need to provide the option for a sex education more frequently. However, there is no way to mandate what parents teach to students, and it takes far too long to change a state's curriculum. That’s why, through this solution, the rate of teen births would show to decrease for the better.
...s. Most women are fortunate and have an outcome of a full term, healthy baby, however, there are some women that are not so fortunate and have preterm births. With this said, all women, when contemplating pregnancy, should be aware of all the risks and possible complications that can arise and also the preventions that can be taken.
First of all, infancy, early childhood, and middle childhood are the first three stages of the human lifespan. During infancy in 1955, out of every 1,000 babies that were born, 210 of them died of serious illnesses before their fifth birthday; however,
The first two years of a humans life are bursting with biosocial, cognitive, and psychosocial development. In the first few weeks after conception to two years after birth a child’s brain experiences more growth than any other organ in the body. During the first two years of a child’s life the brain is very plastic and malleable. In order for children to continue down a path of success and learning there are certain experiences a child must have in order to develop normally. The First Two years of a child life is responsible for the foundation that is layed.
This essay covers information over the course of prenatal development. I will also discuss teratology and hazards to the prenatal development, those such as, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, marijuana, heroin, and opioids. Additionally, I will discuss how maternal factors such as maternal diet and nutrition, maternal age, emotional states and stress, and paternal factors, may influence prenatal development.
Starting at an earlier period of time increases the chance of healthy life choices to become a lifestyle, and allow the students to become accustom to healthy sex lifestyles. Sex education classes provide knowledge about various sexually transmitted diseases and how they are transmitted, safe sex, different contraceptives, and consequences of choosing not to practice safe sex. Providing adolescence with this type of knowledge would decrease STD rates. For example, many adolescent do not know that STDs can be transmitted while performing oral sex or they do not know that they can become pregnant their first time having sex. The awareness of different contraceptives that are offered would help decrease the rate of unwanted teen pregnancies. Most adolescent drop out of high school in order to work jobs or to stay home and care for their children. Changing the trend of unwanted teen pregnancies would result in more high school graduates, which would set the foundation for successful, responsible adults.
It all begins with the pregnancy of the mother and determining if there are any complications during prenatal care. Prenatal care not only improves pregnancy; in fact, it helps the mother understand and determine what is right and wrong for the baby. Most individuals are not familiar with the different types of labors and may only think that there is only one type. Childbirth can come in many ways, such as a C-section, which can occur if the mother did not take care of herself while pregnant. The most common birth is natural or vaginal birth. There are three stages when it comes to childbirth: dilation, delivery of the baby, and placenta. Even though childbirth and/or labor may be a beautiful and unforgettable moment, there can be different types of delivery, which can all be determined from the mother’s health during pregnancy. Some deliveries may process smoothly and other may encounter complications; however, all of these aspects and characteristics are what conceives a new human being. It is incredible and unbelievable how labor conveyed every individual to this planet. Childbirth is a beautiful and natural way of human creation and if some mothers had complications during pregnancy that just makes everything and everyone