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The jungle by upton sinclair meat processing practices
The jungle by upton sinclair meat processing practices
What is peter singer's thesis in his essay, animal liberation
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[Topic sentence for first body paragraph]. The first event that led to an increase vegetarianism in America was Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle in 1906. Upton Sinclair‘s The Jungle, was about Chicago's filthy, unsanitary meat-packing facilities. The novel resulted in a few percent of Americans no longer wanting to eat meat for fear of unsanitariness, and thus resulted in the first noticeably increase in vegetarians in America, even though the government passed the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906. The second major event that led to a slight increase in vegetarians was in 1958. It was reported that animals were cut piece by piece while still conscious in slaughter houses. This caused an outcry from by a large number of animal lovers, and they campaigned to put an end …show more content…
the inhumane treatment towards animals in meat industries. After much protest about the cruel animal treatment, President Dwight Eisenhower signed the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act (HMSA) which required animals to be anesthetized prior to the slaughter.
This whole scandal led to only a low percent of animal lovers becoming vegetarians because who were appalled by that cruel treatment of animals in the meat industries.
The America’s public interest in vegetarianism was growing slowly, but vegetarianism would not become common until 1971. In 1971, Frances Moore Lappe published, “Diet for a Small Planet and Peter Singer's Animal Liberation”; a book how people can obtain their daily intake of proteins without eating meat and the benefits of vegetarianism. Although Lappe’s book had several incorrect theories, it still supposedly started a whole vegetarianism in the 1970’s. There were many new vegetarian cookbooks, restaurants, and communities started to appear across the nation. One example, was The Farm Cookbook, which was written by vegetarian hippies in Tennessee. Because vegetarianism was a new sensation, people had many theories and myths about the plant-based diet. In 1975, Peter Singer wrote Animal Liberation; Animal Liberation was the first scholarly work to present ethical arguments for not eating animals
or experimenting on them. The book practically started many animal rights movements in America. One in particular was the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) in the early 80's. Although the Animal Liberation led to many animal rights organizations, it actually decreased the public interest in vegetarianism because it was based off myths and did not have efficient data to back up its claims. People were following the book’s plans, but all the ‘benefits’ of vegetarianism that the author claimed were happening. John Robbins' 1987 book Diet for a New America, which destroyed all myths about vegetarianism. John Robbins exposed the horrors of factory farming, supposedly demonstrated how deadliness meat-based diets are and healthiness of vegetarianism. He also introduced a new way of animal agriculture, which many vegetarians were apparently unaware of before the book was published. The book also introduced a new way of vegetarianism by eating not animal-based products, such as milk, eggs, and honey; he called this type of vegetarianism ‘vegan’. The Robbin's book restarted the public interest in vegetarian in America. The factor that resulted in the highest increase in American history was in 1996. Oprah invited former rancher Howard Lyman and Dr. Gary Weber, spokesman for the National Cattlemen's Beef Association (NCBA), on her show. Howard Lyman described how meat industries grind dead cows into a feed for alive to eat. Not only did this risk the risking the spread of mad cow disease, but it risk liver failure for Americans. This new information from the Oprah Winfrey show, which was a popular show, was what really caused a significant increase in vegetarians and the start of observations and experiments on the effects of meat consumption. According to a study in England and Germany, people who ate meat was less likely to develop the cancer. Also, the study stated that vegetarians had a forty percent chance of devolving cancer less than meat eaters. American cancer researchers decided to test that theory. They decided to study the health of Adventists because fifty percent of the population was vegetarian, while the other fifty were meat eaters. Their objective of the experiment was to find any connection between cancer and diets. Overall, the observations showed that vegetarians had a lower risk of developing cancer than those who consumed meat. They started more research to figure out what qualities did meat contained to increase cancer. Scientists have found many chemicals inside meats that could cause cancer. The most common in all meats are heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a family of mutagenic chemicals (chemicals that cause changes in DNA, which may increase the risk of cancer) that are produced during the cooking process of many animal products, including chicken, beef, pork, and fish. Heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons formation is the highest when cooking meat at high temperatures, such as grilling and frying. The formation of heterocyclic amines occurs when glucose, amino acids, and creatine (a substance found in muscle) react at high temperatures. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons formation occurs when meat’s fat and juices are grilled directly over an open fire drip onto the fire, causing flames that absorbed back into the meat. Heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are two primary chemicals in all meat that can increase risk of cancer; however, scientists have discovered in observations that red meats causes a higher risk of cancer than white meat, which leads to the theory of how red meats cause cancer. The doctors, vegetarians, farmers, meat-consumers, and even religious leaders participated in the speculation of how red meats causes cancer. Meat-consumers, of course defending the consumption of meats, claimed that red meats causes cancer only when the meats are not cooked or stored properly, not by simply consumption of meat. Farmers claimed that if cattle are not raised in a healthy lifestyle, then it could cause diseases. Most doctors did not think that red meat consumption cause cancer, since proteins are important nutrients; they just thought that not having a well-rounded diet could lead to cancer. There were — and still are— many theories about how red meats cause cancer, but scientists usually have the most accepted theory. For years, biomedical scientists have conducted many experiments on the cancerous effects of meat consumption and observed that red meats increase the risk of cancer more than white meat. In 2014, biomedical scientists from the University of California and San Diego School of Medicine analyzed the components of red meats and observed that red meats contain Neu5Gc, a sugar that is naturally found in mammals, but not humans. The biomedical decided to experiment with Neu5Gc to see if the sugar molecule was the link between red meat and cancer. The team of biomedical scientists engineered the mice to lack Neu5Gc, like humans, and decided to feed the mice Neu5Gc to get a glimpse of how the sugar affect humans. “When these mice were fed Neu5Gc, they developed systemic inflammation. Spontaneous tumor formation increased fivefold and Neu5Gc accumulated in the tumors” (CIATATION). The biomedical scientists hypothesized that when humans constantly eat red meat, the immune system constantly sends antibodies to fight off the foreign sugar, Neu5Gc, which causes chronic inflammation; thus, chronic inflammation promote tumor formation which leads to cancer. Also, the biomedical scientists observed that when other carnivores eat red meat, their immune system does not send antibodies to fight Neu5Gc because the sugar is already in their body; this was evidence that Neu5Gc is not a dangerous molecule because it does not affect animals. It only dangerous in humans because the sugar is foreign in the human body. In humans, the biomedical scientist found that Neu5Gc was a bio-available molecule, which means that it can be distributed to tissues throughout the body via the bloodstream; therefore, if the foreign sugar causes a cancerous cells in one part of the body, it can spread through the bloodstream to another part of the body. Although the biomedical cannot come to a complete conclusion until they conduct more experiments and observations on human, they are confident that found a major link between red meat consumption —in humans — and cancer.
The argumentative article “More Pros than Cons in a Meat-Free Life” authored by Marjorie Lee Garretson was published in the student newspaper of the University of Mississippi in April 2010. In Garretson’s article, she said that a vegetarian lifestyle is the healthy life choice and how many people don’t know how the environment is affected by their eating habits. She argues how the animal factory farms mistreat the animals in an inhumane way in order to be sources of food. Although, she did not really achieve the aim she wants it for this article, she did not do a good job in trying to convince most of the readers to become vegetarian because of her writing style and the lack of information of vegetarian
The period of time running from the 1890’s through the early 1930’s is often referred to as the “Progressive Era.” It was a time where names such as J.P. Morgan, Andrew Carnegie, Jay Gould and John D. Rockefeller stood for the progress of America and their great contributions to American industry and innovation. This chapter however, has a much darker side. Deplorable working conditions, rampant political corruption and power hungry monopolies and trusts threatened the working class of America and the steady influx of European immigrants hoping to make a better life for themselves and their families. What started as a grass-roots movement pushing for political reform at the local and municipal levels soon began to encompass
Upton Sinclair’s classic The Jungle analyzes a variety of concerns varying from politics to working conditions in America's capitalist economy. Sinclair highlights key issues for the Progressive Era reform, while he uncovers significant corruption taking place with the country’s rapid industrialization. He was labeled a “muckraker” for exposing the system that privileges the powerful. Upton Sinclair states that the paramount goal for writing his book was to improve worker conditions, increase wages, and put democratic socialism as a major political party. The book shocked the public nation by uncovering the unhealthy standards in the meatpacking industry it also resulted in a congressional investigation.
Upton Sinclair's Purpose in Writing The Jungle Upton Sinclair wrote this book for a couple of reasons. First and foremost, he tries to awaken the reader to the terrible. living conditions of immigrants in the cities around the turn of the century. Chicago has the most potent examples of these. conditions.
In the world of economic competition that we live in today, many thrive and many are left to dig through trashcans. It has been a constant struggle throughout the modern history of society. One widely prescribed example of this struggle is Upton Sinclair's groundbreaking novel, The Jungle. The Jungle takes the reader along on a journey with a group of recent Lithuanian immigrants to America. As well as a physical journey, this is a journey into a new world for them. They have come to America, where in the early twentieth century it was said that any man willing to work an honest day would make a living and could support his family. It is an ideal that all Americans are familiar with- one of the foundations that got American society where it is today. However, while telling this story, Upton Sinclair engages the reader in a symbolic and metaphorical war against capitalism. Sinclair's contempt for capitalist society is present throughout the novel, from cover to cover, personified in the eagerness of Jurgis to work, the constant struggle for survival of the workers of Packingtown, the corruption of "the man" at all levels of society, and in many other ways.
Discuss how Upton Sinclair portrays the economic tensions and historical processes at hand in the late 19th and early 20th centuries
Ethics, the moral principles that govern a person’s or group 's behavior, are one of the most important lessons to be learned in post high school education. Ethics are what people and companies all over the world are taught to practice in order to create a fair and just society for both the consumer and the business or organization. However, as companies expand and gain more power, the question of what is ethical slowly begins to fade as it is overcome by the question of what is more convenient, cheaper, and will result in the most profit. Thus, creating an advantage to large corporations over the consumer, while allowing for everyone else to suffer at the expense of the earnings of the corporations. Upton Sinclair, the author of The Jungle,
Upton Sinclair’s “The Jungle,” gave the most in-depth description of the horrid truths about the way America’s food companies, “the only source of food for people living in the city,” are preparing the food they sell. “The Jungle” describes the terrible
During the late 1800's and early 1900's hundreds of thousands of European immigrants migrated to the United States of America. They had aspirations of success, prosperity and their own conception of the American Dream. The majority of the immigrants believed that their lives would completely change for the better and the new world would bring nothing but happiness. Advertisements that appeared in Europe offered a bright future and economic stability to these naive and hopeful people. Jobs with excellent wages and working conditions, prime safety, and other benefits seemed like a chance in a lifetime to these struggling foreigners. Little did these people know that what they would confront would be the complete antithesis of what they dreamed of.
At the turn of the twentieth century “Muckraking” had become a very popular practice. This was where “muckrakers” would bring major problems to the publics attention. One of the most powerful pieces done by a muckraker was the book “The Jungle”, by Upton Sinclair. The book was written to show the horrible working and living conditions in the packing towns of Chicago, but what caused a major controversy was the filth that was going into Americas meat. As Sinclair later said in an interview about the book “I aimed at the publics heart and by accident hit them in the stomach.”# The meat packing industry took no responsibility for producing safe and sanitary meat.
In the early parts of the 20th century “The Jungle” by Upton Sinclair shed some light on the terrifying conditions being held in the meat industry. With the help of Teddy Roosevelt, Strict government laws came into play to regulate the meat packing industry.
In the book Eating Animals by Jonathan Safran Foer, the author talks about, not only vegetarianism, but reveals to us what actually occurs in the factory farming system. The issue circulating in this book is whether to eat meat or not to eat meat. Foer, however, never tries to convert his reader to become vegetarians but rather to inform them with information so they can respond with better judgment. Eating meat has been a thing that majority of us engage in without question. Which is why among other reasons Foer feels compelled to share his findings about where our meat come from. Throughout the book, he gives vivid accounts of the dreadful conditions factory farmed animals endure on a daily basis. For this reason Foer urges us to take a stand against factory farming, and if we must eat meat then we must adapt humane agricultural methods for meat production.
Walters, Kerry S, and Lisa Portmess. Ethical Vegetarianism: From Pythagoras to Peter Singer. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1999. Print.
Rachels, J. (2013). The Moral Argument for Vegetarianism. In L. Vaughn, Contemporary Moral Arguments - Readings in Ethical Issues Second Edition (pp. 617-622). New York: Oxford University Press.
For several years the issue of eating meat has been a great concern to all types of people all over the world. In many different societies controversy has began to arise over the morality of eating meat from animals. A lot of the reasons for not eating meat have to deal with religious affiliations, personal health, animal rights, and concern about the environment. Vegetarians have a greater way of expressing meats negative effects on the human body whereas meat eaters have close to no evidence of meat eating being a positive effect on the human body. Being a vegetarian is more beneficial for human beings because of health reasons, environmental issues, and animal rights.