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Ancient Civilizations: Inca and Mayan Empires
Beginning of the inca empire
Essay on inca civilization
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The Inca were an ancient native people of modern day Peru. It was very popular amongst their culture to produce various masks for a large variety of events. Many modern day masks made in Peru are closely related in style and tradition to that of the ancient Inca. The types of events that Inca masks would be used for things ranging from celebrations and social status to death and funerals. Peruvian masks have a long history and started with “The Inca civilization first settled in Peru around A.D. 1200. They settled along the Andes Mountains and regularly held religious celebrations to honor the sun god. It was during these rituals that the Inca people created the first Peruvian masks. Made from gold, these masks were worn for nine nights during …show more content…
Many of the ways, events, and mask are exactly the same as the ones their Inca ancestors did. Today all this translates into lots of cultural importance for the Peruvian people. “these artisans make these masks for the Inca celebrations such as praying to the land, nature and the mountains. These Inca celebrations, despite being old, are still performed by Peruvians who live in the Andes.” (Globerover) The Peruvian people are mostly Inca blood and are simply the decedents of the civilization that fell apart hundreds of years ago. These celebrations still hold a lot of value for many Peruvian people even without Inca background in their family. Many of the Inca mask designs come from “many pre Inca cultures such as Paracas, Mochica, Chimu, Sican and Nazca.” All of these cultures could be considered very closely related to Inca and were very important to every aspect of the Inca mask design. Peruvians use these mask on a large variaty of festivals such as “the festival of Virgin de le Candelaria, you will find thousands and thousands of masks on sale.” (Globerover) As can be seen by the numbers, the Inca masks aree hevily used by Peruvian culture. The example of the Inca masks I created I used purely clay to create it. The mask was molded out of modeling clay and baked until it was dry. It was then later painted a lustrous gold to best replicate the pure gold look that the ancient mask were made of. This mask in particular represents their sun god, Inti. Forming of the mask was done primarily by hand but partially done by table and teaspoon as well as the tips of
The southwest coast of Florida used to be inhabited by the Calusa. “It seemed that by any contemporary measure the Calusa Indian people had been complex when Spaniards arrived in the 1500’s…The Calusa king ruled over all of South Florida from his capital town on Mound Key. According to Spanish accounts, the Calusa had permanent towns, tributary relations, wealth accumulation, social stratification, royal sibling marriage, an elite military, human sacrifice, engineered canals, high mounds, well-developed art and music, and a religion that included elaborate rituals, a trinity of spirits, and life after death” (Marquardt 2)
The Kwakiutl Indian tribe existed before the discovery of North America by the European culture and inhabited the coast of the Pacific Northwest of the United States and British Columbia in Canada. The tribe is rich in tradition and culture and has remained steadfast in their beliefs, history, teachings and artisan skills which have been passed down generation to generation. The artisans in the Kwakiutl tribe mastered the art of creating special ceremonial masks that are not only beautiful and aesthetically interesting to the eye, but also mechanically intriguing in which the masks serve a specific purpose to a theme during different ceremonies that are conducted by tribal specialists during certain times throughout the year.
This primary source tells the reader a great deal about the Incas. The Incas were extremely wealthy. Most of the document tells the reader about the wealth and riches of the Incas, describing their wealth in depth. Jobs in the Incas’ society included many lavish occupations. “[M]any silversmiths who did nothing but work rich pieces of gold or fair vessels of silver; large garrisons were stationed there, and a steward who was in charge of them all” (Pedro). The Incas were organized and intelligent. Large armies were set up to protect their villages, and they had plenty of silver and gold to experiment with and create new beautiful objects. They used their systems to create a fair,
The Aztec’s and the Inca’s have many similarities such as religious beliefs, and views about gods. Inca’s views about training for war are different, and the Aztec’s artifacts are somewhat different to. The farm land compared to the Inca’s is differs also, because where the Aztec’s lived the land was elevated about ten thousand feet.
The Inca civilization started around 1200A.D. and was found in the Andes mountains in what is now Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and Chile.
This article was very informative and interesting. The major point of interest is the condition of the alpaca mummies that had been buried for long periods of time. Another point of interest is the role that cloth played in the Inca empire. The cloth was coveted by the Incas. The Inca armies would burn the textile warehouses rather than allow their enemy to plunder this coveted good.
them. A logical explanation can be granted through the mixture of Peru’s society and the
Stuart, Schwartz B. "World of the Incas, Main Page." World of the Incas, Main Page. History World International, 2002. Web. 17 Nov. 2013. .
Peruvians who lean toward Spanish as their main language choose European clothing over traditional. Peruvian clothing is diverse and shows where people have their roots. Though the clothing is stunning, the people one can meet are also interesting and
This is because Peruvian cuisine is influenced by various cultures including those of the Inca Empire, Spanish conquistadors, and African slaves (lavidacomida.com). In the 1400s the natives from the Inca Empire sustained themselves mostly with corn, potatoes, and aji otherwise known as chili peppers. To this day Peru, also known as “The Potato Capital of the world”, is well known for its potatoes with 4,000 varieties (foodbycountry.com). Then in the 1500s the Spanish conquistadors led by Francisco Pizarro introduced new foods such as wheat, barley, beans, carrots, onions, chicken pork, and lam. However, the Spanish conquistadores also brought with them many diseases, which led to tons of natives dying and the fall of the Inca Empire. Diseases were not the only thing the Spanish conquistadors brought with them, they also brought many African slaves. This African slaves introduced new ways of cooking such as frying food. Another culture that greatly influenced Peruvian cuisine were he Chinese immigrants that arrived to build railroads in the 1800s (lacidacomida.com). The Chinese introduced ginger, soy sauce, and green onions. In addition, Peruvian cuisine has a lot of diversity due to Peru being divided into three regions, which are the coast, the Andean highlands, and Amazon rainforest. In the coast the climate is dry and seafood and stews are more prominent. In the highlands farming and
Aztec culture had a rich and complicated set of mythological and religious beliefs. These religious practices and artistic accomplishments as well as music, dance, dress, food, drink, sports and games played a large part in their everyday lives. A rather remarkable part of Aztec culture was the ritual of human sacrifice. The Incas drew on the artistic traditions of their Andean predecessors and the skills of subject peoples. Beautiful pottery and cloth was produced in specialized workshops. Inca metallurgy was among the most advanced of the Americas, and Inca artisans worked gold and silver with great technical skill.
Gods and goddesses typically took the form of anthropomorphized snakes, birds, the sun and the moon, and mother Earth. What we know of the Inca pantheon of gods and goddesses comes from archaeology of temples and shrines, and some records preserved by Spanish priests after the conquest. Just as Peruvians now celebrate a version of Catholicism mixed with native beliefs and practices, the Incan religion absorbed some of the central tenets of the cultures the Inca people had conquered.
In the ancient ruins of Peru and Chile, archaeologists have found potato remains that date back to 500 B.C. The Incas grew, ate, and worshipped the potatoes. Also, the Incas would bury the potatoes with their dead. The Incan potatoes had purplish skins and yellow flesh. The Incas called them papas like some people still do today.
Peruvian cuisine has evolved from both local and immigrant traditions. The cuisines main influences have been the indigenous Incan peoples, the Spanish conquistadors and African slaves that were brought in by the Spanish. In addition, a large influx of Italian, Chinese, and Japanese immigrants brought new flavours in the 19th century. “From the native Quechua and Aymara peoples to Europeans, Africans, and Asians, the unique ethnic makeup of Peru has resulted in a wide variety of cultural and culinary traditions that are all recognized as inherently ‘Peruvian,’” ("History of and Variation in Peruvian Cuisine").
The people who inhabited this ancient site considered it to be magical because of the Andes Mountains and the Amazon River. The Temple of the Condor was a place of worship where the head of the condor was used as an altar for sacrifices. The Intihuatana is a column of stone that is rising from a block of stone. As winter approached, a priest held a ceremony to prevent the sun from disappearing. Intihuatana means ‘for tying the sun’ and ‘hitching post of the sun.’ Intihuatanas in other Incan civilizations were destroyed by the Spanish. However, the Spanish never found Machu Picchu, th...