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Influence of politicians in media
Influence of politicians in media
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Stephen Medvic, In Defense of Politicians, discusses why Americans feel that politicians are dishonest. In 2007, a Gallup poll about honesty and ethical standards for occupations, showed that only 12 and 9 percent of people felt that Congressmen and State office holders held high standards, (Medvic p. 2). In addition, Americans tend to like their representatives more than the members of Congress because they view them as actual people. Americans view Congress as a group of politicians who are greedy and not representing their interests, (Medvic p. 4).
Popular culture also plays a role in why Americans do not trust politicians. Late-night television shows use politicians in their comedy skits, where their mistakes are punch lines for comedians. A study produced by Jody Baumgartner and Jonathan Morris found that people who view late-night television shows have a more negative view of candidates, (Medvic p. 5). In particular, people who view The Daily Show have drastically less faith in the electoral process, (Medvic p. 5). Russell Peterson argues that these jokes as “implicitly anti-democratic” because they declare the entire system as fraudulent, (Medvic p. 5).
The public falls into three main traps about politicians. The first main trap that the public falls into is “The Leader-and-Follower Trap.” The public wants politicians to be leaders, but when they do not lead the way citizens want, they are disliked. Expecting politicians to lead the way they believe the country should go and also follow what citizens want is unfair to them, (Medvic p. 9). Another trap that the public falls into is the “The Principled-and-Pragmatic Trap.” The public wants politicians to stand up for their beliefs, but to also negotiate to solve issues...
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...him losing his Congress seat was when he supported an embargo against the British that would shut down all future international trade. In the eyes of the Massachusetts people, this was treason because a numerous amount of merchant, shipbuilding, and fishing businesses were located there. His support of the embargo collapsed the majority of businesses in Massachusetts. Nine months before his term was complete, the legislator voted on JQA’s successor, (Kennedy 44).
In the eyes of JFK, John Quincy Adams was courageous because he stood up for what he believed was right and in the process, surrendered his reelection. He sacrificed his own popularity by taking a polar opposite stance on the embargo than the people of Massachusetts. In addition, John Quincy Adams sacrificed his loyalty rewards with his party when he publicly attended the opposition’s party town meeting.
In order for a politician to make his way up the ranks, he usually needs to build a strong intra-ethnic coalition followed by inter-ethnic support. This can be a difficult task because the the politician has to please everyone, which makes him seem “bland” to his original supporters.
What motivates members of Congress to act the way they do? Mayhew would argue in Congress: The Electoral Connection that members of Congress are ‘’single-minded re-election seekers’’ and that re-election is their one and only goal. Whilst the assumption that all members of Congress are ‘‘single-minded re-election seekers’’ does go some distance in analysing the motives behind members of Congress, the reading fails to take into account the other key goals of members of Congress. Other goals include good policy and future career positions. It is important to remember that the achievement of both re-election and other goals are not exclusive, members of Congress often are motivated by more than one goal.
Courageous. Willing. Patriot. These meaningful words define who John Hancock was to America. Born on January 23, 1737, Hancock demonstrated leadership qualities since youth. He played a major role in the American Revolution, as a leading figure, Massachusetts, as a successful governor. Hancock was a true patriot, through his courageous acts of defiance to Britain, pooling his funds to support the Revolution, and leading the Second Continental Congress. Hancock risked his life and the welfare of the people he loved to stand up for his, and the colonist’s freedoms and natural rights they deserved. John Hancock was a people’s man, adored by everyone in Massachusetts, and most of The Second Continental Congress; which allowed him to succeed greatly at leading the revolution.
During his tour of the South Pacific JFK’s vessel was split in half by a Japanese Destroyer which led to it beginning to sink. JFK was one of 11 survivors of the wreck, who were all fearing death by drowning or sharks, but perhaps their worst fear was capture by the Japanese who were notorious for their cruelty and inhumane treatment of Allied POWs in WWII. This incident tested Kennedy’s resolve and leadership in which both of them he triumphed, he towed the weaker swimmers to an island miles away, then swam to find another island where they could hopefully find help. Eventually they were saved by some natives and Australian forces when Kennedy wrote a message on a coconut to the Australians. It was this heroism that helped create his political image as a great American hero; also the book describes how he related to mother who lost their sons in the war by sharing in their grief because he too lost people important to him in the war. The event helped to give him an incredible resume and as an already charismatic person he gained more relatability to people who he hoped would vote for
It is very common in the United States’ political sphere to rely heavily on T.V. commercials during election season; this is after all the most effective way to spread a message to millions of voters in order to gain their support. The presidential election of 2008 was not the exception; candidates and interest groups spent $2.6 billion on advertising that year, from which $2 billion was used exclusively for broadcast television (Seelye 2008). Although the effectiveness of these advertisements is relatively small compared to the money spent on them (Liasson 2012), it is important for American voters to think critically about the information and arguments presented by these ads. An analysis of the rhetoric in four of the political campaign commercials of the 2008 presidential election reveals the different informal fallacies utilized to gain support for one of the candidates or misguide the public about the opposing candidate. Presidential candidate Barack Obama, who belongs to the Democratic Party, broadcast the first commercial we will analyze, the title is “Seven” referring to the seven houses his opponent John McCain owns; Barack Obama tries to engage pathos which refers to the audience of the message (Ramage et Al. 2012) utilizing a form of fallacy known as “appeal to pity”, this fallacy tries to “appeal to the audience’s sympathetic feelings in order to support a claim that should be decided on more relevant or objective grounds” (Ramage et al.
"Kennedy, John Fitzgerald (1917-1963)." Encyclopedia of World Biography. Detroit: Gale, 1998. Academic OneFile. Web. 22 May 2014.
In the excerpt from Politicians Don’t Pander, Lawrence Jacobs and Robert Shapiro argue that politicians do not cater to what the public wants, but rather ignore the preferences of the American people to mold a version of public opinion that is harmonious with the politicians’ own views. The two recognize different patterns in contemporary American politics. First, politicians disregard public opinion in order to avoid compromising their policy goals and use the strategy of crafted talk to change public opinion to avoid facing the consequences of not voters’ preferences. Jacobs and Shapiro continue to argue that politicians respond to public opinion by either assembling information on public opinion to design government policy or by using research
Throughout the twentieth century, there were vigorous leaders and inauspicious leaders. One of the top leaders happen to be John Fitzgerald Kennedy of the United States of America.
Television has affected every aspect of life in society, radically changing the way individuals live and interact with the world. However, change is not always for the better, especially the influence of television on political campaigns towards presidency. Since the 1960s, presidential elections in the United States were greatly impacted by television, yet the impact has not been positive. Television allowed the public to have more access to information and gained reassurance to which candidate they chose to vote for. However, the media failed to recognize the importance of elections. Candidates became image based rather than issue based using a “celebrity system” to concern the public with subjects regarding debates (Hart and Trice). Due to “hyperfamiliarity” television turned numerous people away from being interested in debates between candidates (Hart and Trice). Although television had the ability to reach a greater number of people than it did before the Nixon/Kennedy debate, it shortened the attention span of the public, which made the overall process of elections unfair, due to the emphasis on image rather than issue.
The want for acceptance and the need to be liked are natural desires within human nature, especially within political context. Politicians are often criticized for bending their beliefs and making different promises to different groups, often even contrasting in their ultimate goal, but is there really another option? In order to win an election and maintain power, one must win the support of the majority of the constituent. In order to do so, he must sacrifice some of his own goals and thoughts to become what the people want, what the median voter wants; he must become who they want to represent them, who they want in office, and, most immediately, for whom they want to vote. Only by taking on this median voter approach on some scale, can a candidate even hope to become more than a candidate.
...0). Traditional newscasts are not only dumbing down and sensationalizing the news to bring more interest into their programming, but this can be detrimental to the political process. The Daily Show is uses comedy to show the ridiculousness of the political world and news media for his viewers to take politics seriously (Hariman, 2007). The Daily Show has been awarded with prestigious awards, such as two Peabody Awards, 18 Primetime Emmys, a Television Critics Association Award, and also a Grammy Award. (Feldman, 2007). It can be said, entertainment based shows can have the potential to not only educate, but entertaining as well. Today’s generation have grown up in a world where the distinction between of entertainment and news shows have been obscured, The Daily Show has proven the televisions shows can provide the public with entertaining political information.
In his book, Separation of Church and State, Philip Hamburger called many of the politicians “…opportunistic” however; their type of behavior is often seen throughout our society today. In his article, “Church and State Should be Separate,” Wolfe (2002) uses lawyers as an example;
In conclusion I have noted several methods of news media that the public has access to. Many personalities have different methods of getting their opinion to the public and some try to stick with one or two at the most. All of these methods greatly influence public opinion concerning politics and politicians. In this country, public opinion is incredibly important to the success of politicians or movements. If you don’t carry a significant number of people in this country your success as a politician is not going to happen. The biggest method people have to get their message out to the public is mass media. If the media decides they don’t like you the results can be devastating. It is almost as important to please the media as it is to please the American public! Public opinion is greatly influenced by the media.
Walzer states, “Why is the politician singled out?... He hustles, lies, and intrigues for us-or so he claims. Perhaps he is right, or at least sincere, but we suspect that he acts for himself also. Indeed, he cannot serve us without serving himself, for success brings him power and glory, the greatest rewards that men can win from their fellows”(Walzer 162-162). Weber warns that politics and the power it provides has the ability to corrupt moral individuals. One can begin with good intentions and find themselves influenced by the newfound power they possess. Weber
Unfortunately, the overwhelming majority of modern parties (both in US and other countries) behave not up to this noble standard. They promise a lot to get elected, but when they come to power they forget many of their election promises. Such behavior has simple explanation – the main goal of any modern party is to be elected. In many cases promises represent only a convenient propaganda tool. Probably the best description of irresponsibility of modern politicians was provided by Frances E. Lee in 2013”: ““Political irresponsibly” means taking little interest in the immediate or short-term policy consequences of one’s actions and instead looking with hope toward a future electoral victory. Irresponsibility in politics takes many forms. But, in general, it means a failure to make a good faith effort to participate constructively in legislative problem solving. Irresponsible politicians can always allow the perfect to be the enemy of the good. They can champion unrealistic initiatives that are “all gain and no pain,” such as new tax cuts or government spending without regard for fiscal balance” (Lee, 2013, p.