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What is the aim of this practical investigation of different soil types
The importance of evidence in a criminal case
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Paint
Importance of Paint Trace Evidence
Paint trace evidence can be found at many crime scenes, but is most commonly found in vehicle incidents and burglary cases (Saferstein, 2009). Vehicles often leave paint smears and chips upon impact, and burglary tools can have paint smears from contact with painted surfaces during the burglary. Paint in especially important in hit-and-run cases. Paint smears and chips can be compared to a suspect's vehicle to determine if the vehicle was involved in the incident. Paint chips can be matched to missing paint on a vehicle by fitting the chips to the missing section of paint like puzzle pieces. Paint smears from burglary tools can be used to determine which tools were used in the crime (Saferstein, 2009). Combined with other evidence, such as tool marks, forensic scientists can identify specific tools used in a burglary.
Collection and Preservation
The evidence collector must be very cautious when collecting paint chips. Paint chips are fragile and break easily. Various collection methods exist for different items. Loose paint chips can be collected using tweezers or a piece of paper (Saferstein, 2009). Tweezers should be used carefully to avoid damage to the paint chips. The collected chips should be placed on a sheet of paper. The paper is then carefully folded and placed in an evidence envelope. Collection paper can be used like a dustpan to carefully scoop up paint chips before being folded and placed in an evidence envelope. Paint chips should never be placed directly in an envelope (“Evidence collection,” 1993). Envelopes easily come open at sealed points or contain cracks in the seals and corners which could allow small paint chips to be lost or contaminated. T...
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Ramsland, K. (n.d.). Trace Evidence. Retrieved October 21, 2011, from Tru TV: http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/criminal_mind/forensics/trace/1.html
Saferstein, R. (2009). Forensic science: From the crime scene to the crime lab. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall
Steck-Flynn, K. (2009, September 20a). Trace evidence: Hair. Retrieved October 20, 2011, from CTE Online: http://www.cteonline.org/cognoti/content/file/import/curr/38/38f1b929/38f1b929a8ed6ed226310850f324ed7ea57bf053/Trace_Evidence_Fact_Sheet.pdf
Steck-Flynn, K. (2009, September 20b). Analysis and collection of soil samples. Retrieved November 19, 2011, from Crime and Clues:
http://www.crimeandclues.com/index.php/forensic-science-a-csi/trace-a-dna/20-analysis-and-collection-of-soil-samples
Wool. (2010). Retrieved November 2, 2011, from Fabrics: http://www.fabrics.net/fabric-facts/wool/
Fulero, S. M., & Wrightsman, L. S. (2009). Forensic psychology. (3rd ed.). Belmont: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.
At the initial stage of the investigation all the visible evidence is to be observed from the latent impression perspective. At this stage only the physical evidence is taken into account. The objects can be divided into porous and non-porous surfaces from the imprint ability preservation perspective. It is advisable to send all the available evidence to the laboratory expertise, though the non-porous substances...
...furniture which may be locked. They then use the small paint chips and metal as evidence and process them the way that individual piece of evidence should be processed.
“Advance in Forensics Provide Creative Tools for Solving Crimes.” www.ctcase.org. Np. n.d. Web. 17 March 2014.
Lyman, D. Michael; Criminal Investigation, The Art and Science; 3rd edition, 2002 Prentice Hall. Pgs. 188-200.
The criminal justice system has changed a lot since the good old days of the Wild West when pretty much anything was legal. Criminals were dealt with in any fashion the law enforcement saw fit. The science of catching criminals has evolved since these days. We are better at catching criminals than ever and we owe this advancement to forensic science. The development of forensic science has given us the important techniques of fingerprinting and DNA analysis. We can use these techniques to catch criminals, prove people's innocence, and keep track of inmates after they have been paroled. There are many different ways of solving crimes using forensic evidence. One of these ways is using blood spatter analysis; this is where the distribution and pattern of bloodstains is studied to find the nature of the event that caused the blood spatter. Many things go into the determination of the cause including: the effects of various types of physical forces on blood, the interaction between blood and the surfaces on which it falls, the location of the person shedding the blood, the location and actions of the assailant, and the movement of them both during the incident. Another common type of forensic evidence is trace evidence. This is commonly recovered from any number of items at a crime scene. These items can include carpet fibers, clothing fibers, or hair found in or around the crime scene. Hairs recovered from crime scenes can be used as an important source of DNA. Examination of material recovered from a victim's or suspect's clothing can allow association to be made between the victim and other people, places, or things involved in the investigation. DNA analysis is the most important part of forensic science. DNA evidence can come in many forms at the crime scene. Some of these forms include hair; bodily fluids recovered at the crime scene or on the victim's body, skin under the victim's fingernails, blood, and many others. This DNA can be the basis of someone's guilt or innocence; it has decided many cases in the twentieth century. As the times continue to change and the criminals get smarter we will always need to find new ways to catch them. Forensic science is the most advanced method yet, but is only the beginning. As the field of science grows so will the abilities of the
In today’s time, modern Crime Scene Investigation has increased rapidly. From throughout the late 1900’s and in the early 2000’s (Taylor 1). For all of the evidence that they find, a solid foundation has formed over the thousands of years of Crime Scene
Dutelle, Aric W. An Introduction to Crime Scene Investigation. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett, 2011. Print.
Review, PubMed PMID: 19543886. Saferstein, R. (2011). Criminalistics: An introduction to forensic science (10th Ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.
White, P 1992, Crime scene to court: the essentials of forensic science, Royal Society of Chemistry, London, p. 20-33.
Perri, F., & Lichtenwald, T. (2009). WHEN WORLDS COLLIDE: Criminal investigative analysis, forensic psychology, and the timothy masters case. Forensic Examiner, 18(2), 52-52-69.
Gaensslen, R. E., Harris, H A., & Lee, H. (2008). Introduction to Forensic Science and Criminalistics. New York, NY: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. .
Forensic Science, recognized as Forensics, is the solicitation of science to law to understand evidences for crime investigation. Forensic scientists are investigators that collect evidences at the crime scene and analyse it uses technology to reveal scientific evidence in a range of fields. Physical evidence are included things that can be seen, whether with the naked eye or through the use of magnification or other analytical tools. Some of this evidence is categorized as impression evidence2.In this report I’ll determine the areas of forensic science that are relevant to particular investigation and setting out in what method the forensic science procedures I have recognized that would be useful for the particular crime scene.
The transitional growth in the forensic science sector has not been without challenges. Though the world has experienced increased capabilities and scientific knowledge, which has led to faster investigations and results, many forensic experts have argued that forensic laboratory testing, in the light of 21st century technological advancements, is yet to meet the expected rate in quick available testing and analysis (Mennell & Shaw, 2006). This is with respect to the growing rate of crime and the high demand of quick crime scene testing and analysis. In the science of crime scene, analysis and interpretation of evidence is majorly dependent on forensic science, highlighting the change in the role of forensic sciences (Tjin-A-Tsoi, 2013). In the business of forensic science, time is beginning to play important role in the evidence testing and analysis which is becoming crucial in reducing ...
Forensic science has now been recognized as an important part of the law enforcement team to help solve crimes and cold cases. The advances in technology are being used each day and we must continue to strive to develop better advances in this field. The recent discovery of using DNA in criminal cases has helped not only positively identify the suspect, but it has helped exonerate hundreds of innocent individuals. “With new advances in police technology and computer science, crime scene investigation and forensic science will only become more precise as we head into the future.” (Roufa, 2017) Forensic science and evidence helps law enforcement officials solve crimes through the collection, preservation and analysis of evidence. By having a mobile crime laboratory, the scene gets processed quicker and more efficiently. Forensic science will only grow in the future to be a benefit for the criminal justice