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Clothes and culture
Relation between consumption and identity
Relationship between consumption and identity
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Self Identity and Brands Our attachment to objects give rise to the materialist perspective that ‘we are what we own’. We may feel that we are free to make our choices and our own decisions, based solely on ourselves. However, this is just another aspect of the self illusion. How we make our decisions relies more on those around us than we realise. Even in instances where we feel like we are making our own personal choices, many of these are actually greatly influenced by what we are told and controlled by external influences of which we may not even be aware. Brands have the power of communication and self-expression, and can be made to be perceived in different ways by consumers. Every individual strives to create their own unique identity …show more content…
Evidently, consumers particularly prefer brands that are more congruent to their own perceived identity. For example, those that proclaim to be socially-conscious may decide to purchase products from cruelty-free brands, to support their personal morals and beliefs. Likewise, business executives choosing to travel in business class over economy in a short haul flight can largely be considered a lifestyle driven choice rather than one made for convenience. Objects serve an important function as markers for self-identity and as a reflection of our self, or at least as the perceived notion of how we would like to be seen. Psychologist William James wrote: “A man’s Self is the sum total of all that he CAN call his, not only his body and his psychic powers, but his clothes and his house, his wife and children, his ancestors and friends, his reputation and works, his land and horses, and yacht and bank account.” (James, 1950) With the consumer as sovereign, perhaps one of the most liberating forms of consumerism is the opportunity to make a new ‘self’. Advertising and the media offer examples of the transformed self, and consumerism provides a means of effecting that …show more content…
This culture of self expression allows people to “make lifestyle a life project and display their individuality and sense of style in the particularity of the assemblage of goods, clothes, practices, experiences, appearance and bodily dispositions they design together into a lifestyle.” (Featherstone, 2007) French sociologist and anthropologist Pierre Bourdieu offers another view of taste or preference, and suggests for it to be seen as a social phenomenon; that “taste is not the result of individualistic choices, but is socially patterned in particular ways.” (Lury, 2011) People seek to establish their place or position in the social hierarchy by using brands as instruments of status signalling. As such, consumers often choose to buy products that they believe reflect certain qualities with which they would like to be associated, and that are aligned with an identity to which they aspire. This allows them to build and construct a representation of themselves – regardless of whether it is an honest one or otherwise – to the world, by manipulating how want to be seen through the lenses of
Ewen, S. (2001). Consumption and Seduction. In Captains of Consciousness: Advertising and The Social Roots of the Consumer Culture. (pp. 177-184). New York, NY: Basic Books.
Companies realize what people need and they take it as sources to produce commodities. However, companies which have famous brands try to get people’s attention by developing their products. Because there are several options available of commodities, people might be in a dilemma to choose what product they looking for. In fact, that dilemma is not real, it is just what people want. That is what Steve McKevitt claims in his article “Everything Now”. When people go shopping there are limitless choices of one product made by different companies, all choices of this product basically do the same thing, but what makes them different is the brand’s name. Companies with brands are trying to get their consumers by presenting their commodities in ways which let people feel impressed, and that are some things they need to buy. This is what Anne Norton discussed in her article “The Signs of Shopping”. People are often deceived by some famous brands, which they will buy as useless commodities to feel they are distinctive.
There is an undoubtedly enormous influence on the world by consumerism. Consumerism and capitalism shape the nation that we live in today. Everyone knows this because they see advertisements all day long on television, on the radio, on billboards and through hundreds of other mediums. Unfortunately, what the world is not exposed to is what goes on behind the marketing and the ultimate final sale. There is a dark side to capitalism created not only by shady merchants, but the worldwide multi-national companies as well. What both of these excerpts portray is the idea that there is more to the products we buy than we are told, or unfortunately, that we bother to ask about. Through the use of interviewing, traveling, and criticism, these authors do a fine job in analyzing the relationships between branding and marketing, and more importantly, between our modern day consumption habits and hidden production processes.
Increasing awareness of a personal and unique identity distinguishes us from the pack. A brand mantra differs from a tagline, explains Guy Kawasaki, as a mantra describes internal business, a standard for a company to abide by. A tagline is for customers and what they can expect to be delivered (Martinuzzi, 2014). John Jantsch, founder of Duct Tape Marketing defines branding "the art of becoming knowable, likable and trustable” (Martinuzzi, 2014). Many specialists on the subject agree that trust building is essential in success. Being honest is one of the top five steps Forbe’s advises when it comes to brand building (Biro, 2013). Some suggestions to follow from, How to Build an Unforgettable Personal Brand (2014) include, making sure customers are provided what is promised, leading with unwavering quality and being consistent in making good on one’s word. The article also warns that the public will assign a default brand if a
In every given business, the name itself portrays different meanings. This serves as the reference point and sometimes the basis of customers on what to expect within the company. Since personality affects product image (Langmeyer & Shank, 1994), the presence of brand helps in the realization of this concept. Traditionally, brand is a symbolic manifestation of all the information connected with a company, product, or service (Nilson, 2003; Olin, 2003). A brand is typically composed of a name, logo, and other visual elements such as images, colors, and icons (Gillooley & Varley, 2001; Laforet & Saunders, 1994)). It is believed that a brand puts an impression to the consumer on what to expect to the product or service being offered (Mere, 1995). In other application, brand may be referred as trademark, which is legally appropriate term. The brand is the most powerful weapon in the market (LePla & Parker, 1999). Brands possess personality in which people associate their experience. Oftentimes, they are related to the core values the company executes.
People go through many obstacles when they face their social identity. Some can overcome their differences, but others may not have they change to even face them due to the treatment that they get from society. Social identity is the one of many controversial and complex problems that many individuals deal with. Because, sometimes it used to be misunderstood making reference to racism and/or others complex matters. “On Being a Cripple” and “How It Feels to Be Colored” are two essays in which both characters suffer from some kind of discrimination. Indeed, in “How It Feels to Be Colored Me” by Zora Neale Hurston and “On Being a Cripple” by Nancy Mairs, each author shows different attitude, endures challenges, and change toward social identity.
This psychology of brand tribes explains why consumers choose the more expensive name brand compared to the off-brand that could very well be the same product with the same experience. Coca-Cola sold the youth lifestyle of peace and acceptance in the 60s. Disney understood that they were selling the American dream and a place for families that was a real-life utopia. Ikea’s brand idea is democracy in that consumers can put together their own furniture. Starbucks has branded themselves as a community center. Most young consumers go to Starbucks to meet up with a friend or relative, do homework, and simply hang out and use the free, reliable wifi; the coffee is just a byproduct. Companies have furthered their success by paying celebrities to model their clothes until they are such a household name where they no longer need to advertise to achieve success. Companies like Coca-Cola don’t need to tell consumers about their refreshing soft drink for most people already know, instead, they market the experience and life-changing moment of drinking their
-Status symbols: Sophisticated customers who value the distinctive, exclusive collection seem to value the corporate-branded version of luxury. –Philip Martiz, chairman of the board
Higher level needs influence future human behavior much greater than lower level needs. It is the brands that can fulfill human needs on the higher levels of the hierarchy that become irreplaceable in the mind of the consumer.
The context of this essay will include a debate on whether the self is shaped by society. By doing so, I will analyse the different perspectives on whether or not this is the case; starting with the view point that it is , with contributes from Mead (1931), Cooley (1992) and Goffman( 1963; 1987; 1968; 1969 ) and then further looking at the view points that disagree with this.
A customer’s response falls in two categories, judgment and feelings. Consumers are constantly making judgments about a brand. These judgments fall into four categories: quality, credibility, consideration, and superiority (Keller, 2001). Customers judge a brand based on its actual and perceived quality, and customers judge credibility using the perception of the company’s expertise, trustworthiness, and likability. To what extent is the brand seen as “competent, innovative, and a market leader,” “dependable and sensitive to the interest of customers,” and “fun, interesting, and worth spending time with” (Keller,
That is the ultimate question of life. “What makes you, you?” could possible be the scariest question we can ask yourself. One that could potentially make our heads hurt or makes us panic. With over 7 billion people on this earth, not one person looks exactly the same. Different eye color, different DNA, different facial features, everything different. However, is eye color, or DNA part of the question that we are always wondering? We don’t answer the question of what defines our identity by going over our different physical features, that is the last things on our mind, but rather we challenge to understand ourselves by having a different. But how did we get to this point? It’s simple really; the answer to our question about what goes into the development of our identity is one word, socialization. If you are raised a certain way, you are put into that lifestyle.
Even with commodities, there are quite a few parameters which brands can use to position themselves to capture a place in the consumer’s memory and consequently in their shopping basket. A few of the more widely accepted of them are: Consistency of Product Quality, Customization of the product to the extent possible, Providing a wider range of products, Identifying the most profit generating segments of the market and modifying or adding an offering to cater to their specific needs, Unique packaging, Emotional Branding and even basing branding on building a unique image to the extent of professing to have a brand personality. In fact focusing on getting consumers to build an emotional identification with the brand and its personality has a far longer lasting effect and builds far greater loyalty than focusing on just functional and utility attributes which a competitor would also able to easily match if not surpass.
Secondly, some light has been thrown on the previous researches by various authors on the similar topics by providing with a summarised form of the same. It helps in better understanding of the ongoing concepts and perceptions on the concept of brand and its importance.
The practice of brand management is a key component of marketing and performs an integral function by motivating the wants and needs of consumers. It is known that marketing can shape consumer needs and wants, however, consumers today appear to be more knowledgeable about the information regarding products. Consumers lead busy lives and have therefore gone to the internet as one of the many channels to learn about products in order to make informed decisions. This paper will discuss the argument that marketing should reflect the needs and wants of consumers rather than shaping these attributes. Due to the speed and ease of obtaining information, consumers do not take at face value strong marketing efforts that appear to be overly aggressive and push a brand rather than just being informative. Brand managers have to be aware of these changing dynamics and carefully craft brand management practices to meet the demands of consumers.