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Opportunity cost theory
Opportunity cost theory
Opportunity cost theory
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Opportunity cost is an essential concept to understand when studying Economics. Opportunity cost consists of everything that you give up when you make an economic decision. It exists in nearly every decision that presents itself and is clearly evident in Able 's decision in "I Knew a Guy Once" to remove Wheeler 's 'rules ' from the door, the growth of the Shenzen people from a population of zero to over 9 million in 30 years, and in my decision to take this class. In all of these cases, the decision-makers had to first consider opportunity cost before making their decisions. In "I Knew a Guy Once", by Tanya Huff, Able makes many decisions that dramatically change the way the bar runs. Among these wild changes, Able decides to take down the …show more content…
In roughly thirty years, the city grew from a small fishing village in China to a world leader in global trade and commerce. When considering opportunity cost and how it relates to the boom of Shenzen, it is essential to first consider how much money and manpower it took to create the massive complex of buildings and companies that makes up Shenzen. The billions of dollars that were spent creating Shenzen, along with the thirty years it took to blossom, could have been spent on many different things. The opportunity cost of such an example includes everything that could have been achieved with the resources that were used to establish Shenzen as a world class trading city. World poverty could have been eradicated or perhaps world hunger, or nearly else could have been done with these resources. However, whoever decided to spend their resources on building the modern Shenzen, perhaps the residents of Shenzen or the companies that were responsible for the explosion of the city, decided that the benefits of globalizing Shenzen were more appealing than any of the alternatives. However, it is unlikely that the people who made this decision thought about options such as eradication world poverty because they were focused on world trade and modernization of a small fishing
A cost-benefit analysis is “whenever people decide whether the advantages of a particular action are likely to outweigh its drawbacks” (Benefit-Cost Analysis, n.d.). The analysis estimates the economic value placed upon a
“Philips, Sony, and Toyota factories are popping up all over—to the self congratulatory applause of the nation’s governors and mayors, who have lured them with promises of tax abatements and new sewers, among other amenities.” (Paragraph 17) People are born into their jobs, and are doomed for their economic boats. IN other countries such as China, it has been proven that the families with the moneys are the ones with the money, are the ones with the economic power. “Many wealthy Chinese and western residents moved their money abroad and some actually left the colony. By 1971, the Cultural Revolution in China had ended in failure and conditions in Hong Kong calmed,” (Lannom) such as Gloria Lannom states, yet it took a while for Hong Kong to rebuild its economic standings because of this
...a more sustainable society. If Qing officials were not as greedy and did not deplete the national treasury,
In States vs. Markets, Herman Schwartz presents two economic development strategies that have been employed by late industrial developers in order to either take advantage of existing comparative advantages or facilitate rapid industrial growth through state intervention and provision in order to gain a competitive foothold in world markets. Schwartz demonstrates how China was able to employ elements of these development strategies to generate capital from an abundant rural labour supply in order to pursue industrial development and attract foreign investment through economic reform starting in the late 1970's.
China has a list of problems while maintaining one fifth of the world’s population. It covers around the same geographic area as the United States, but has twice the amount of problems, along with five times the amount of people. They have not had a lucrative past, and their future does not either. In order to fix such problems, the Chinese government has taken miniscule actions to further aid their country (Riley, China’s Population).
Globalization is not a new concept – trade, migration, market integration and capital flows have been practiced in various forms dating back centuries. China is at the epicenter of our globalized world and their success is attributed to the tenets of Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations. However, opponents of the globalization believe if Smith were alive today, he would be repulsed by our modern day international business strategies. The general consensus among dissenters of globalization is the misguided belief that capitalism at any level is missing the moral sentiment espoused by Smith’s philosophical viewpoints. Even though Adam Smith would acknowledge that some Chinese citizens are casualties of globalization, he would conclude the economic development of China’s poverty stricken society unequivocally raised their standard of living.
With its 4,000 skyscrapers in the financial capital, Shanghai, and the ever rapidly growing economy, China might just do more than “catch up” to the United States. It may seem ironic that the country that has a replica of our “42nd st” would also be in growing competition with our economy and it may also seem like China is the “little brother” of the US, but how long will this go on for? Will the US be able to keep up soon enough? This is the direction China seems to be headed for. But what makes China the greatest exporter of goods in the world? Bartlett, a businessman Peter Katel refers to in his article, states that “the unbeatable china price is due not only to low labor costs but also to unethical trade practice.” According to the 2005 article, Congress has yet to approve more than a dozen pieces of legislation that would allow the yuan ¥ to “float” in world currency markets, allowing for free-market forces to establish its value.
In 1950, only 13% of China’s population lived in cities (Seto, n.d.). Post 30 years, one hundred-million people moved to large cities from rural areas in China. This migration was considered the largest migration in human history. To compare this migration to western cities, the example of Shenzhen is used. For a Western city to have a population of three million to increase to ten million, it takes about a hundred years. 30-year old city, Shenzhen on the other hand made this population increase in just a decade (qtd. Caughey and Dawn). Today, over 53.7% of its population lives in cities; by 2020 it is projected that a whole 60% of the population will live in cities (Xinhuanet, 2014).
Having thrown open its doors to capitalist investment and expanded at a miraculous rate over the past three decades, China has now surpassed Japan to become the second biggest economy in the world. Since the early 1980s, China's economy has metamorphosed from a centrally planned syst...
With the development of China, the economy of China has become the World’s second largest after the US. On the other hand, the ...
...frastructure and factories that heralded the onset of modern capitalism. The only other source with the resources available to commit to this type of investment would have been the state, which would not necessarily have seen the need to invest in this manner when they already had possession of large quantities of wealth.
The rise in China from a poor, stagnant country to a major economic power within a time span of twenty-eight years is often described by analysts as one of the greatest success stories in these present times. With China receiving an increase in the amount of trade business from many countries around the world, they may soon be a major competitor to surpass the U.S. China became the second largest economy, last year, overtaking Japan which had held that position since 1968 (Gallup). China could become the world’s largest economy in decades.
When the new Chinese Government was set up in 1949, the new government faced a lot of problems. First on their agenda was how to re-build the country. As Communist Party of China (CPC) is a socialist party, their policies at the time were similar to that of the Soviet Union’s. Consequently, the CPC used a centrally planned strategy as its economic strategy when it first began. For a long time, the Chinese economy was a centrally planned economy in which none other than the state owned all companies. In fact, there were absolutely no entrepreneurs. As time went on, the problems of a centrally planned economy started to appear, such as low productivity, which was the key reason for restricting the development of China. With the population growing, the limitations of the centrally planned economy were clear. In 1978 China started its economic reform whose goal was to generate sufficient surplus value to finance the modernization of the Chinese economy. In the beginning, in the late 1970s and early 19...
A major area of concern among economists is opportunity costs. Opportunity costs are the products that are given up for another product. Because we have a limited amount of resources, we must find the most efficient way to use them. Production possibilities are the alternative combinations of all final goods and services that can be produced in a given time period with all available resources and technology.
For example, the opportunity cost of being an honor student is the choice of being a non-honors student. As a non-honors student you are not required to take any honors courses at all, meaning you have space in your schedule to get started on prerequisites. Honors classes are required for honors students to pick, but are not demanded by all the students as there are some classes that are not suitable to a student’s certain major. This can be seen as a deadweight loss that occurs from an inefficient allocation of classes distributed. While some students are better off as they might find classes that benefit them, other honors students are forced to choose from a list of classes that might not interest them at all. A policy to improve this situation would be to offer more classes that encompass a wider variety of classes for