Importance And Importance Of Condensed Matter

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Definition

Condensed Matter Physics is branch of physics that deals with the physical properties of condensed matter such as liquids and solids. This branch of study seeks to understand the behavior of condensed phases of matter by using established laws of physics. [Taylor, Philip L. 2002]

Liquids and solids are the most well-known forms of condensed matter but there are others particularly as a result of quantum physics. Condensed matter physics asserts to atoms as closer together and more closely bounded together and more closely bounded together than in a gas. As a result condensed matter tends to be some form of liquids or solids. [Taylor, Philip L. 2002]

1.2. Forms of Condensed Matter Physics

Liquids: are forms

Importance of Condensed Matter Physics

Physicstoday.org regards condensed matter physics as the most active field of contemporary physics. The field overlaps with chemistry, material science and nanotechnology and relates closely to atomic physics and biophysics. Theoretical condensed matter physics shares important concepts and techniques with theoretical particles and nuclear physics. [Physics Today Jobs, 2009-03-27].

Condensed matter physics is very important in understanding the electrical and magnetic properties of solids and liquids – the center for modern society and technology. For example: The world of technology and electronics is based on tuning of a special class of material, the semiconductor. In 1980, IBM had made their first 2.52 GB Hard disk drive which weighed 250 kg at $100 000.00; comparing this size and cost to nowadays hard disk drives – available on the market today is 1 Terrabyte at a price of less than $100.00.

4.1. Neuroimaging

MRI is the most favoured investigative tool neurological cancers, as it is more sensitive than CT for small tumors and offers better visualization. [www.acr.org/~/MRI_Brain.pdf].

4.2. Cardiovascular

Cardiac MRI is complementary to other imaging techniques, such as echocardiography, cardiac CT and nuclear medicine. [https://dx.doi.org]

4.3. Muscoloskeletal

Application in the muscoskeletal system include spinal imaging assessment of joint disease and soft tissue tumors. [Helms, 2008].

4.3. Liver and gastrointestinal MRI

Hepatobiliary MR is used to detect and characterize lesions of the liver, pancreas and bile ducts. 4.4. Functional MRI

Functional MRI (fMRI) is used to understand how different parts of the brain respond to external stimuli. Functional MRI has applications in behavioral and cognitive research and in preparation of neurosurgery of certain brain areas.

4.5. Oncology

In oncology, can be used for preoperative setting of rectal and prostate cancer, and in the diagnosis, staging and monitoring of other tumors.

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