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Impacts of the First World War
Impacts of the First World War
Contribution to India by Mahatma Gandhi
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The impact of world war one was very much a significant out turn to Indian nationalism to an undoubted extent. Nonetheless, there were many other factors that had led up to the rise in nationalism with the help of rising leaders such as Ghandi and Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Nationalism is a form of patriotism based upon the identification of individuals within a nation. This can likewise be said for the people of India as many people had an intense desire for independence from the British rule. They had come to realise that the ways the British had been treating people were cruel and monstrous. This had almost left India ungovernable and in a state of anarchy. Many Indians supported Britain and the war effort at the start of the war in 1914 could …show more content…
He was often called mahatma meaning great soul as a gesture of love and respect. He had influenced people into boycotting British goods as well as persuading people to stop paying taxes; this was called swadeshi. An example of this was The Salt March as thousands upon thousands of people had accompanied Gandhi on his way to the sea to produce salt in 1930. This was illegal as only the British were to produce the salt and sell it back to the Indians. Consequently, he was imprisoned as well as many as 60,000 people who were buying and selling salt, together with the followers of …show more content…
Home rule was passed as a result of riots and upheaval in the country in a reaction to the British not saying whether or not home rule will be granted. The Defence of India Act, which was also referred to as the Defence of India Regulation Act, was put into action in 1915. The main aim of this act was to arrest people who were rioting and causing disturbances in the country. This act was passed by the viceroy in a dire effort to stop up rise but what they did not know was that all the riots were signifying that India was beginning to become whole and united. Nearing the end of the war, there was a large increase in the number violent attacks between Muslims and Sikhs taking place as a result of a rise in prices because of less goods and supplies being distributed in the country. Most of the spending was being spent on the military and paying soldiers as the war was putting pressure on the British in an effort of trying to control the colonies. The Indians had expected the British to finally grant them freedom, home rule, but in return were surprised to be hit with a new act in 1919 called the Rowlatt act. This gave the British the right to imprison any Indian that was suspected of causing disturbances within the country without being trial. This elongated from the Defence of India Act subsequently because of the result of the sudden break
Not only did the inequality and separation of the Indian society frustrate the citizens of India, but the imperialism Britain had upon them as well. In the early 20th century, Indian nationalists wanted to take a stand against the British rule and make India independent. The British created unfair laws that created a nationalist movement in India to regain their freedom. He believed that there should not be a Caste System because of one’s birth.
The British had a superbly efficient government of 500 million it, however, was not meant to help the indians ( Lavani). The British had complete control of Indian government (Doc. 1). Having mainly British in the government meant that more laws to cater to the British like the Rowell Act. The British established the framework for Indians army, police, justice, and civil system ( Lavani). The police killed 400 people at Aminstar ( Gandhi). Yes, the British gave the Indians their enforcement groups, however, these enforcement groups were only there to help and serve the british, they didn't care about the Indians well being.
The british thought of the native indian people as barbaric, so they felt no shame in putting them to work with little or no pay. The british attempted to convert the indians to christianity and educate them. This did more harm than good, and the damage done to the indians well being was devastating. however The situation backfired on the East british company. A massive rebellion consisting of sepoys, (Indian soldiers who loathed the british company) Attacked the british. The Attack was seen as unsuccessful to the eyes of the natives. But the result of this rebellion was the crash of the east british company a year after the incident. It was becoming obvious to the british that their actions were leading to indian frustration. Even though the east british company was no longer official, the land was still being used for factories and crop production. An official labour payment was established, which softened the british up. It was the perfect time for famous anti colonist Gandhi to speak up and spread the word. This led to many policy adjustments, political complications and british frustration. Gandhi's following of indians greatly overpowered the remaining british
Nationalism, the spirit or aspirations common to the whole of a nation, an importing factor to many countries due to its importance; The people of their nation and their “ality” makes up the country they choose to be and grow in. Citizens showed their nationalism through national anthems and written passages as Russia has done, which contains the saying that they will never be conquered or overthrown (document five). However, due to the utmost prominence of their patriotism reaching out to other countries, it helped cause the First World War, World War I.
Under British rule in India, the British were harshly oppressive and only interested in exploiting products from India for their own use, causing many Indians to become extremely poor. They became so oppressed they were on the verge of violent civil disobedience, when Gandhi appeared to negotiate with the British threw non-violent tactics such as sit-ins and hunger strikes. The people were supportive on Gandhi and were set to become violent if anything happened to him. Things were resolved without violence.
Nationalism is the belief that the people from a nation should have their own political institution and that the interests of the nation should be defended and promoted at all costs. Nationalism was one of the main causes of World War I. in the early 1900s nationalism created a fierce competition between Europe’s powers. These powers were Germany, Austria-Hungary, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, and France. Nationalism gave individuals excessive confidence, in their nation, their government, and their military strength. In order to be the best nation they had to be the nest at everything both military and economically.
In an effort to help free India from the British rule, Mahatma Gandhi once again contributed to a protest against salt taxes, known as the Salt March. This protest advocated Gandhi’s theory of satyagraha or nonviolent disobedience as the nation came together on March 12, 1930 to walk the 241 mile long journey to the shores of Dandi to attain salt. Although some Indians criticized Gandhi for not achieving direct independence from the Raj or British rule, Gandhi’s execution of the Salt March helped to create a stronger nation for the Indians to live in. Gandhi motivated the Indians to act robustly against the injustices of the salt taxes through nonviolent means. This caused Gandhi to create a temporary compromising pact between Gandhi and the British viceroy over the turmoil created by the salt taxes.
Nationalism has had a huge effect on the entire world by inspiring some of the most brutal and destructive wars in history. Nationalism is a form of patriotism and loyalty towards a country. During the interwar years, the Zionist group was trying to end prejudice and discrimination towards Jews. Similarly, Gandhi wanted India to have independence from Great Britain. A country can be nationalist without becoming violent, but many times in the past a strong nationalist country has spiraled into war.
It rested on the use of this regions as sources of revenue during and after the war. As india stood as a colony before the war the true concern for the british when the war started was not only the availability of men but the founding of the war effort. At the end of the war India had contributed over 146 million pound to the allied war effort. This money came all from higher taxation from the Indian people as war expenditure arose monumentally as the war continued. For the time being as mayor part of the middle east was under Ottoman rule they would not truly face the devastating effects of the Europeans powers greed.
The William Pitts India Act of 1784 gave the crown the power of guiding the politics of India with as little means of corrupt influence as possible, which in effect established a concrete link between the doings of the East India Company and the approval of the Royal Government, Because East India Company’s products were seen as “necessary” returns for public funds and trust put into the joint stock, the parliament was responsible for raising the finances to pay for the trade, the company’s power to authorize letters and make laws awarded the company sovereign authority of many Indian provinces. The new regime of East India Company served as a precedent for a later tea plantation as the Assam Company and business who utilized manipulation and profiteering methods, the accumulation of personal wealthy was a prime intention, first by 1834, the Waste Land Rules was enacted to allow government granted lands to be free of revenue for 20 years. The legislation marginalized Indian labourers and peasants, the cycle of debt and dependence chained labourers to a life of exploitation.
There is a distinct difference between popular Indian nationalism, that is the nation believing in a state independent of Britain, and Indian nationalist movements, for example the Muslim League or the Hindu revivalist movement. These movements fought for independence but were far more religiously orientated and were fighting in their own interests. Although Indian nationalism initially found expression in the Mutiny of 1857, its deve...
A subject that comes up often when speaking on nationalism is World War I. People tend to blame Word War I on nationalism however this is not the case. World War I was clearly the result of fascism, not nationalism. People in a nation so desperate for liberation that they succumbed to their dictating governments, giving all of the power to them. It was these same governments and their imperialistic fantasies and militaristic ideas that started World War I, not
The Indian uprising was to be the end of the East India Company. In the wake of this bloody rebellion, the British government effectively stamped out the Company in 1858. All of its administrative and taxing powers, along with its property and armed forces, were taken over by the Crown. This was the begin of the British Raj, a period of direct British colonial rule over India which carried on until independence in
Rabindranath himself has confessed: “I took a few steps down the road, and then stopped”. With the chaotic and negative expressions of Indian struggle for independence that generated hatred towards the British in particular, paving way for an abhorrence against the Occident in general, along with the obvious impacts of the World War, Tagore in post-1917 emerged out as the critique of the modern idea of nation/ nation-state which was central to the aspiration of nationalism, sharing the common suspicion that one might find in Romain Rolland and Albert Einstein. In his book Nationalism, published in 1917, Tagore, along with criticising the “organizing selfishness of Nationalism” in the West, even criticised the Indian nationalists’ replication of this alien concept of nationalism, for according to him, “India never had a real sense of nationalism”: India’s reverence for ‘God’ and ‘the ideal of ‘humanity’ should not get replaced by the European concept of a limited ‘national identity’. The Indians felt betrayed by his anti-nationalism in such an extent that even poets like Satyen Datta mocked him in one of his
Despite numerous conflicts with the British and with the Muslims, India fought for its rights by doing what they felt was right. India under the British rule had some benefits as the new school system and outlawing sati but they did manage to trouble the Indians with taxation and other laws. Gandhi who was an outstanding, important figure in India’s way for independence who taught to fight with nonviolence.