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Stages of child development
Stages of child development
Stages of child development
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Type of Play Description Typical Age Importance Creativity Exhibited
Unoccupied Play Unoccupied Play is when a child in not engaged in any type of play. Newborns and Infants Infants begin to make random movements. This is their first form of playing. Explain the creativity exhibited during this type of play
Onlooker Play
Onlooker Play is when children watch other children play but do not participate or engage in any of the activities going on. They will also make suggestions or even ask a question about what the children are playing. Toddler Years Children are learning how to relate with others and learning the language.
Solitary Play
Solitary Play is when a child plays by themselves. They do not interact with other children
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18 Months to 2 years of age. This play gives toddlers the opportunity to role play. Helps children to understand the idea of property rights, like this is my toy. It begins to show the need they feel to play with other children. Children can dress up and pretend they are other people. They take on a role of a mom, dad, brother or even sister.
Associative Play Associative Play is when a child plays with their friends in an informal way. This type of play has no organization but the children talk about the activity they are engaged in. Preschool Age/ 3 to 4 years of age. This play is important because this is when children start to socialize more with other children. It teaches them sharing, problem solving skills, and how to cooperate.
Cooperative Play Cooperative Play is a little more complex, children share goals and their materials while playing with others. School Age Children. This play is more organized by having group goals, there can be a leader. It teaches children that there are rules and social contracts, such as starting to play games with rules that need to be
According to Denise Boyd and Helen Bee, authors of the book “Lifespan Development,” they reference different aspects of play. The sibling interaction allowed me to observe two main forms of play. At first, both siblings were interacting independently for the first five minutes of my observation. Both children were in their own worlds pursing different missions from their play. The text book refers to any child who is interacting amongst themselves in independent play is called solitary play. The little brother was appalled by his toy car and train. His older sister was intrigued at her fancy jumping moves on the trampoline. Both were their own
For example, play such as climbing, skipping, running, and hopping assist in the development of the child’s gross motor skills. Similarly, cutting with scissors, and drawing assist in the further development of the child’s fine motor skills (Davies, 2011). In addition, play is instrumental in social development. Preschool children learn values of prosocial behavior such as comforting, helping, controlling aggression, and sharing via cooperative play. For example, turn taking is an important aspect of play that fosters sharing, moral reasoning, control of aggression, and conflict resolution because it is an essential aspect to the child’s establishment friendships and maintenance of relationships (Davies, 2011). Consequently, because friends spend more time playing together, they have more conflicts but are more likely to negotiate a solution. Ultimately, because of the child’s desire to be accepted and valued by peers, conflicts become opportunities for the child to learn how to, control aggression, share, and resolve
There is also some personal play involved in their sociodramatic play. The children involved in the play worked to make a family having dinner, which is great example of how this will prepare them for One of the kids did not understand how turn on the stove and the stove top. Another kid taught the others how to season the food. Another kid thought that they should try to make something for the teachers in the gym. They worked together to make a cheeseburger and pizza.
An Article by Dr. Leong and Dr. Bodrova (2016) stated that play is beneficial to children’s learning especially when it reaches a certain degree of complexity. When they engage in play activities most of their early years, they learn to delay gratification and to prioritize their goals and actions. They also learn to consider the perspectives and needs of other people and to represent things significantly to regulate their behavior and actions in a cautious, intentional way.
Play helps equip children for what life may throw at them. Children are born to be actively engaged and explore the world with their own eyes. Through play children learn what it means to fail in life as well as what it means to accomplish a goal. Play is not only a strategy to keep children entertained in early childhood, but also allows children to learn how to create and work together at an early stage. Children at play has been undervalued by society without realizing that “playfulness is that benign base on which the most valuable worlds of children can be successfully built (Iakov, 2012, p. 25),” meaning that play is a fundamental strategy that assist children to develop experiences for the future. It is very upsetting that society undervalues play without acknowledging that play allows a child to express his sentiments and understand how to deal with emotions. Also, play has the power to teach children about themselves. Specifically, a child will “begin to have an ever-greater influence on perception and understanding of (certain aspects of) the real world and real events- past, present, and future- and begins to define the relation with the real world (Iaakov, 2012, 26).” This demonstrates that just as food helps build the body, play helps a child develop their mind for what lies ahead of them. During the observation at the Jewish center, the three activities done in class demonstrated cognitive and social learning through play and activities.
Emotional development can also be developed through this play; I believe that my child will be able to develop emotionally as well as the other PIES. Throughout this play experience my child will face with many people and challenges. Children naturally learn through play, that is usually the only why they develop at early stages of their lives. During this play experience the child will face many challenges, some harder than others, she may feel scared, nervous, upset when she’s not able to finish some of the obstacles.
Rogers, S. and Evans, J. 2006. Playing the game? Exploring role play from children's perspectives. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 14 (1), pp. 43--55.
Parten’s idea of child lead stages of play would support JNTCP ‘behaviour that is freely chosen, personally directed’ as when the child is ready to progress they make the personal decision. It could be said that Parten’s job would have influenced the way she views play. Being a psychologist may have led her to believe that child led play is more beneficial for the child’s development as they are able to figure it out for themselves, thus making the child more independent. A teacher idea of play however, would be the opposite to that of a child psychologist, as a teacher would believe that adult led play is more beneficial for a child, as it can have a planned outcome and consequently better the child’s social, emotional and physical development. The Researching Effective Pedagogy in the Early Years (REPEY, 2002) research clearly states that there becomes a point where children need to be supported by an adult in order to further their thinking. Vygotsky theory of proximal development would support the teacher’s idea of child lead play. Proximal development represents the gap between what a child can accomplish alone, and what they can do with the guidance of an adult. Similarly, Bruner’s theory of scaffolding mimics the same idea as Vygotsky, the adult giving a helping hand to the child’s play to better their learning and
In society today, play is associated with childhood as many hold the belief that children are the only people who engage with play however Moyles (1989) states otherwise, she begins to explain that ‘play is undoubtedly a means by which humans and animals explore a variety of experiences in different situations for diverse purposes’ (1989: ix). This is evidently true, as when adults receive a new gadget their initial reaction is to play around with the different components. It is through frequent use of that same object that individuals begin to familiarise themselves with the object and its components: ‘in a child’s play this is known as functional play’ (Moyles, 1989). A hand o...
Frost, J. L., Wortham, S. C., & Reifel, S. (2010, July 20). Characteristics of Social Play | Education.com. Retrieved March 3, 2014, from http://www.education.com/reference/article/characteristics-social-play/
...ctive. Play is an essential learning tool and one that must not be ignored within the classroom. It is a catalyst to help children develop socially, emotionally, physically and cognitively. It is not only an important part of a child’s development as a pupil but also a child’s development as an individual.
Before diving into my research, I reflected on the knowledge I already knew regarding play and play based learning. From experience, I know that play is an enjoyable activity for children, and even some adults. I know that there are different ways one can play. For example, playing with others is known as cooperative play and playing alone is considered solitary play. There are different types of play. For example, there is dress up or pretend games, which is considered dramatic, play and there is playing with building blocks which is constructive play. After my reflection I realized that I was more knowledgeable on the action of playing rather then the benefits of it.
In co-operative play therefore, the interest lies both in the players and the activity itself, the participants are assigned roles and there is a form or organisation. In this observation study, it is more likely that Neil will be engaging for the most part in parallel and associative play as co-operative play requires a level of social maturity and organisational skills that many 3 year olds will not possess. The observer was able to not that Neil participated in associative play slightly more frequently than he did parallel play, for example he sat in the reading corner with one of his peers and they looked through the pictures and turning the pages, though at times it appeared they were moving slightly out of sync; as in Neil would be looking at a picture while the other boy was attempting to move on to the next page. He also demonstrated associative play with multiple children when they were playing with puzzles that had been laid out, working together but again, without organisation as some children snatched puzzle pieces away or took out pieces that had already been correctly
The children are put through different learning experiences and tasks, for the professionals to evaluate and observe their different development stages. All this helps to understand the children’s adult characteristics for future life as every child’s play experiences are crucial to their adult life.
A very wise man; Charles Schaefer, once said “We are never more fully alive, more completely ourselves, or more deeply engrossed in anything than when we are playing.” To begin with, there is no one explanation about what play really is, other than the fact that it holds infinite numbers of definitions according to every single individual. Play is just not a physical body movement involved in an activity, but more than that if you look outside of the box. For centuries, play has been practiced in its own unique way with not only children, but adults as well.