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The Education System Past, Present & Future
What is Strategy? Michael E. Porter
About the education system
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In “Idiot Nation,” Michael Moore discourses on the collapse of American education system and the three main reasons behind it: politicians’ ignorance, shortage of teachers, and the rise of Corporate America. Moore first points out how ignorant the President and politicians are by stating that the President cannot simply identify whether Africa is a nation or a continent. Next, Moore attributes the lack of funding in education to the fact that politicians prefer to build bomber than to improve our education system; this leads to shortage of resources, overpopulated classrooms, and decrease of books available for students. He then notes that the low salaries of teachers, which are caused by the insufficient funding of education, result in shortage of qualified teachers, leading to the failure of the education system. In addition, Moore discusses about the rise of Corporate America, which is another factor corrupting the education system. To get funding from Corporate America, schools diminish the time students have in class, by making students watch advertisements from businesses and help businesses conduct research during class time. Throughout his excerpt, Moore uses exemplification, surprising statistics, rhetorical questions, and simple but clear reasoning to effectively express his ideas and convince readers of his arguments. One strategy Moore uses in his excerpt is exemplification. He clarifies his points by providing examples, which help build the credibility of his arguments. For instance, to demonstrate how ignorant American officials are, Moore provides numerous examples, such as describing William Clark, “President Ronald Reagan’s nominee for deputy secretary of state,” who “ had no idea how our allies in Western Europ... ... middle of paper ... ...year without a principal!” (136). From these examples, we can see that readers can easily imagine the situations that Moore describes; this helps readers clearly understand Moore’s points. For that reason, this strategy is successful for Moore to effectively express his ideas. Moore’s strategies are effective in conveying his message and convincing readers of the truth of his position. The use of logos raises Moore’s credibility and convinces readers of his arguments, while his use of simple reasoning and intentional questions helps readers focus and understands his points. Therefore, Moore is successful in making his points using these strategies. Works Cited Moore, Michael. “Idiot Nation.” Rereading America: Cultural Contexts for Critical Thinking and Writing. Ed. Gary Colombo, Robert Cullen, Bonnie Lisle. 8th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2010. 128-145.
Ethos, logos, pathos --- which method is necessary when presenting about a topic (6)? The correct answer does not consist of one method alone; instead, a speaker must apply all three tactics to effectively present information to an audience. Through a combination of ethos, logos, pathos, Gore establishes a meaningful connection with the audience, opening a door to their minds (4). They no longer view Al Gore or the information about global warming as being forced upon them. Instead, they absorb the presentation and begin to question their previous beliefs. He establishes the ethos of a normal man who possesses extensive knowledge on a crisis that focuses on morality. He wishes to provide the public with accurate information in order to drive them to take action. Instead of addressing a group of congressmen, Gore speaks directly to the people. The most common method, to establish ethos, within the presentation was through visual elements. Nearly every claim Gore makes about his life is supported by visual evidence such as pictures and videos and graphs (4a). However, ethos is only one point in the triangle of persuasion. Logical reasoning is also a necessary element. Gore uses expert testimonies to provide the audience with factual information from a valid source; for example, when Tony Blair, a scientific advisor, speaks about the temperature changes in Greenland. Gore also appeals to logos through inductive and deductive reasoning. Using these two strategies assures that the audience can follow the information and is unlikely to become overwhelmed. Smoothly switching between general and specific information greatly increases fluidity within a presentation. Lastly, Gore applies the rhetorical device of pathos in order to connect with the emotions of the audience. He needs to pull on their heart strings, draw a few laughs, yet remain near to the subject. The
Brinkley, Alan. The Unfinished Nation: A Concise History of the American People. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2010. Print.
With the interest of the reader piqued, she uses the rest of her essay to attempt persuade readers to accept her argument, primarily through appeals to logos, and language targeted for a conservative audience.
Several rhetorical concepts are used to approach the readers of this article, these being proofs known as reasoning (logos), credibility (ethos), and emotion (pathos). Conspiracy theorists, such as Mock, often use logic or reason to attract readers. They understand that conspiracies are seen as lies and paranoia, so to build their audience they appeal to their logical side. In today’s society logic is everything, and being able to prove something is what is important. Making a reference to a factual document or book is always a source of proof. The reference towards a dictionary is used because it is something we use every day, something that is impo...
...ow the audience to visualize the event and becomes more relatable. Listeners are able to emotionally identify with the situation and reflect in order to give other the benefit of the doubt. The speech could be improved with more facts or statistics. Wallace uses rhetorical devices to create his argument, which could be seen as ironic due to his death. He attempted to influence others but struggled with an everyday battle that he could not overcome. His approach to life is understood, but maintaining that approach proves to be difficult. Through the use of dramatization and figurative language, Wallace is able to appeal the audience and leave them with the idea that, “It is about simple awareness—awareness of what is so real and essential, so hidden in plain sight all around us, that we have to keep reminding ourselves, over and over: ‘This is water, this is water’”.
Bauerlein, Mark. "Cultural Illiteracy." National Review Online. National Review Online, 14 May 2009. Web. 16 Feb.2014. .
In conclusion, many people may view Michael Moore as being uneducated and just ranting about his dislikes; however, he writes about what most of us believe and do not admit out loud. The purpose of any piece of information is to inform the public. Michael Moore effectively informs the reader about America’s poor education system, why and who to blame for this unfortunate truth, and lastly what actions can be done.
...ploying strong technical terms and establishing an extrinsic ethos, and exercising sub-arguments that would only benefit numerous groups of people, May strongly achieves his strategy of argument through ethos in terms of rhetorical persuasion.
Americans have embraced debate since before we were a country. The idea that we would provide reasoned support for any position that we took is what made us different from the English king. Our love of debate came from the old country, and embedded itself in our culture as a defining value. Thus, it should not come as a surprise that the affinity for debate is still strong, and finds itself as a regular feature of the mainstream media. However, if Deborah Tannen of the New York Times is correct, our understanding of what it means to argue may be very different from what it once was; a “culture of critique” has developed within our media, and it relies on the exclusive opposition of two conflicting positions (Tannen). In her 1994 editorial, titled “The Triumph of the Yell”, Tannen claims that journalists, politicians and academics treat public discourse as an argument. Furthermore, she attempts to persuade her readers that this posturing of argument as a conflict leads to a battle, not a debate, and that we would be able to communicate the truth if this culture were not interfering. This paper will discuss the rhetorical strategies that Tannen utilizes, outline the support given in her editorial, and why her argument is less convincing than it should be.
Crusius, Timothy W., and Carolyn E. Channell. The Aims of Argument: A Text and Reader. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2003. Print.
Making a good and persuasive argument is very much an acquired skill. It requires much practice and perfecting. It takes more than just having passion and making good points. Just because a person is passionate about the topic or has supporting details does not mean they can make a successful argument. Much more thought and skill is required. Gordon Adams, in his letter to the Arizona State University standards committee, demonstrates this quite well. Gordon Adams writes a passionate argument, yet his argument lacks several critical aspects.
Inch, Edward, Barbara Warnick. Critical Thinking and Communication: The use of Reason in Argument. 4th ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 2002.
Education is one of the cornerstones and pillars to the establishment and preservation of democracy. In history, countless scores of philosophers and political thinkers believed that only an educated citizenry can take on the quintessential task of upholding democracy. Thomas Jefferson, the primary writer of the Declaration of Independence, stated that “an informed citizenry is the only true repository of the public will.” A renowned defender of public education, Jefferson proposed plans for an education system that included grammar schools in his presidency. As a result of these relentless policies for education, the United States expanded on the concept of public instruction through the establishment and upkeep of a practical education system. The United States continued this tradition and established a reputation as one of the best education in the world. Currently, this is no longer valid as other countries such as Finland, China, and South Korea are competing for the dominant position through rigorous reforms that aim to boost student performances (“Best Education”). Meanwhile, the American system is inefficient, inhibited by political obstacles and gridlock while Finland, the top ranked country in terms of schooling, is continuing to improve. According to the PISA (Program for International Student Assessment) examinations that tested pupils across a variety of subjects such as reading, mathematics, and science of 2009, Finland’s students were ranked among the top (“PISA 2009”). The American students were ranked below average for industrialized countries in the world, revealing the reality of the educational crisis in the country. Finland’s education system, compared to the Americans, offers major differences that greatly ...
McGray utilizes a credible source to reveal the incompetence of normal American citizens. He knows that this evidence will surely catch the audience’s attention based on the simplistic nature these questions. Due to the nature of these questions, this will cause doubt in the mind of the education system. This allows the audience to understand his point without any sense of ambiguity. This rhetorical choice also improves his credibility as a writer so that the reader is informed during the article and find a common ground in his argument.
Colombo, Gary, Robert Cullen, and Bonnie Lisle. Rereading America: Cultural Contexts for Critical Thinking and Writing. Colombo, Gary, Robert Cullen, and Bonnie Lisle. 9th ed. Boston: Bedford of St. Martin's, 2013. 377. Print.