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The development of the hydrogen bomb
The development of the hydrogen bomb
Hydrogen bomb research paper
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h-bomb the h-bomb was was made in 1951. Its also called the hydrogen bomb. the united states detonate the first thermonuclear weapon. the hydrogen bomb on eniwetok atoll in the pacific. the test gave the united states a short lived advantage in the nuclear arms race with the soviet union. following the successful soviet detonation of an atomic device in september 1949 the united states accelerated its program to develop the next stage in atomic weaponry.popularly know as the hydrogen bomb this new weapon was approximately 1000 times more powerful than conventional nuclear devices. opponents of development of the hydrogen bomb included j. robert oppenheimer. one of the fathers of the atomic bomb. He and others argued that little would be accomplished except the speeding of the arms race, since it assumed that the soviets would quickly follow suits. the opponents were …show more content…
corrected in their assumptions. then the soviets exploded. rosenberg the trial of ethel and julius rosenberg begin in new york southern district federal court.
Judge irving r. kaufman presides over the espionage prosecution of the accused of selling nuclear secrets of the russians (treason could not be charged because the united states was not at war with the soviet union. the rosenberg and co-defendant , morton sobell were defended by the father and son team of emanuel and alexander bloch. the prosecution include the infamous roy cohn, best known for his association with senator joseph mccarthy. the only direct evidence of the rosenberg involvement was a confession of greenland. the left wing community believed that the rosenberg were prosecuted because of their membership of the communist party. their case became the cause celebre of leftist throughout the nation. the rosenbergs were sentenced to death row on april 5th. sobell received a thirty-year sentence. greenglass got 15 years for his corporation reportedly the rosenberg were offered a deal in which their death sentence would be commuted in a admission of their guilt. They refused and were
executed 1952 eisenhower eisenhower was known to have been a hobbyist painter, primarily he painted for relaxation and was a fairly accomplished artist. and there are a number record pictures of his that been sold in the past. the ones in familiar, with the landscape rather than portraits. I think portraits have perhaps stayed in family. He's certainly an immediately recognizable image. its really more of personality of the artist than it is in the quality of the picture, which are nice, but not particularly outstanding or of that professional portrait. The eisenhower movement was the first political draft in the 20th century to take a private citizen to the oval office . it was a widespread in american grassroots political movement that eventually persuaded eisenhower to run for president. The movement culminated in 1952 president election in which eisenhower won the republican nomination and defeated democrat adlai stevenson to become the 34th president of the united states. vaccine on march 26 media researcher dr.jonas salk announces on a national radio show that he has successfully tested a vaccine against poliomyelitis, the virus that causes the crippled disease a diseases that affected the humanity throughout recorded history attacks the the nervous system and can cause various degrees of paralysis. since the virus is easily transmitted. Salk tried a refined vaccine on children who already had polio and recovered. And the vaccination their antibodies increased, He tried it on volunteers including himself his wife and his children.the volunteer all produced antibodies, and not get sick. in the u.s case of polio are now extremely rare and ironically are almost always caused by the sabin vaccine itself. being live, the virus can to a stronger form elsewhere there are still about 250000 cases per year, mostly in the developing nations where vaccine has not yet become widespread for people. england, got a new queen presences elizabeth becomes queen at the age of 25. after suffering from lung cancer for several years king george died . princess elizabeth and her husband, prince philip were out of the country when king george died. the couple had been visiting kenya as a part of the beginning of a planned 5 month tour of australia and new zealand when they receive the news of king george's death. from the start of her reign she understood the values of relation and allowed her coronation to be televised despite objects from the prime minister winston churchill and others who felt it would cheapen the ceremony. additionally the role of the modern times of the monarchy which is largely ceremonial has come into question as british taxpayers has complained about commonwealth. filmed documentaries of the event circulated in commonwealth countries in a for a long time after the event every school child got new things.
The U.S. decided to develop the atomic bomb based on the fear they had for the safety of the nation. In August 1939 nuclear physicists sent manuscripts to Albert Einstein in fear the Germany might use the new knowledge of fission on the uranium nucleus as way to construct weapons. In response, on August 2, 1939, Einstein sent a letter to President Roosevelt concerning the pressing matter to use uranium to create such weapons before Germany (Doc A-1). To support the development of the atomic bomb, President Roosevelt approved the production of the bomb following the receipt that the bomb is feasible on January 19, 1942. From this day to December of 1942, many laboratories and ...
The United States of America’s use of the atomic bomb on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki has spurred much debate concerning the necessity, effectiveness, and morality of the decision since August 1945. After assessing a range of arguments about the importance of the atomic bomb in the termination of the Second World War, it can be concluded that the use of the atomic bomb served as the predominant factor in the end of the Second World War, as its use lowered the morale, industrial resources, and military strength of Japan. The Allied decision to use the atomic bomb not only caused irreparable physical damage on two major Japanese cities, but its use also minimized the Japanese will to continue fighting. These two factors along
The creation of the hydrogen bomb, moreover the summoning of an arms race, spawned worldwide desire for nuclear arms, and worldwide fear for those who had them; The effects of such can be seen in the economic and diplomatic benefits exhibited by those with enough stamina and vigilance to endure its costs, and in the extreme measures taken by countries, nominally the United States, to respond to the security threat posed when other countries owned the bomb. Furthermore: For those whose economy could afford it, nominally the U.S., USSR and India, economic and diplomatic benefits followed its creation; For the U.S., following the creation of the bomb by enemies were extreme defense tactics; For all the benefits and costs compelled a worldwide
The super bomb in which America and Russia were trying to build was in fact the Hydrogen Bomb. This bomb had an unlimited blast potential and for the country who possessed it unlimited power. The A-bomb’s explosion was based on the principal of fission (the splitting of atoms), however the H-bomb’s explosion was base on fusion (the coming together of atoms). In August of 1945 Russian President Stalin, turns up the nuclear project in Russia. He put Barria whom was in charge of the secret police, to head the Russian Nuclear program. An American scientist named Edward Teller solicited the American government to build the H-bomb. He was born in Hungary and had learned to fear the communists and the Russians. In April of 1946 the Super Conference was held. Klaus Fuchs was a scientist that worked for Teller at Los Alamos, he told the Russians how to build the A-bomb, and also about Tellers ideas of the H-bomb. He was arrested for spying for the Russians. By chance the Americans found out that there were traces of radioactive material in the air over Russia. They pieced together that Russia had the A-bomb they decided to go ahead with plans to build the super bomb. President Truman came to the conclusion that no matter how bad of a weapon the H-bomb was if was better if we had if first. America had lost some of its power and wanted to gain a new edge. General Curtis Lamay was put in charge of Strategic Air Command to protect America from the threat of nuclear war. Lamay was the ranking Air Force General over the Skies of the pacific and was the man for the job. His strategy was to have an abundant amount of bombers ready to strike every major city in the Soviet Union. He wanted everyone in the Army and Air Force to act as if war was not far away.
The Rosenberg Case is still a controversial topic today. With the execution of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, the American values such as liberty and tolerance were relegated into the background. With ambiguous evidence, their sentence is viewed as neither legally nor historically defensible. It is the product of the era that the trial took place in, which was ruled by Cold War sentiment, Red Scare and McCarthyism. The case sparked a lot of debate and protest abroad, but the Rosenbergs were nevertheless executed. It remains and will ever remain ambiguous if they were actually Soviet spies, to what extent the information they might have leaked would have been of use to the Soviet Union, and if their executions were justified. But in the McCarthy-era, their executions functioned perfectly for fueling the Red Scare and strengthening the Cold War environment.
Japan: The Only Victim of The Atomic Bomb Japan will never forget the day of August 6 and 9 in 1945; we became the only victim of the atomic bombs in the world. When the atomic bombs were dropped at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, there was World War II. The decision to drop the atomic bombs was affected by different backgrounds such as the Manhattan Project, and the Pacific War. At Hiroshima City, the population of Hiroshima was 350,000 when the atomic bomb dropped. Also, the population of Nagasaki was around 250,000 ("Overview.").
Many people had their thoughts about why or why not the Hydrogen Bomb should have been built. What this essay will talk about is why the Hydrogen Bomb was built. "The successful explosion of a Teller-inspired thermonuclear device in 1952 gave" the U.S. the go ahead blow against the Soviet Union in the arms race of the fifties (Teller and Ulam). Scientists around the world had been thinking that a thermonuclear bomb, also known as the Hydrogen Bomb, could be developed, but their arms race was completely focused on the atomic bomb. Oppenheimer was a household name because he was the head scientist at Los Alamos while developing the atomic bomb, after that had been completed the tide shifted to a man who’s name is Edward Teller.
At 5:30 AM July 16th 1945, the nuclear age had started. The world’s first atomic bomb was detonated. On August 6th 1942 at 8:15 AM, an American B-29 bomber, the Enola Gay, dropped a perfected atomic bomb created by the Americans, over the city of Hiroshima hoping to end the war. Thousands of people died in the two cities in Japan. They were Hiroshima and Nagasaki “the Manhattan Project”. The research and development project that produced these atomic bombs during this time was known as “the Manhattan Project”.
The USA’s new weapon, the Hydrogen bomb, or H-bomb, was one of the most powerful weapons of the time. In 1950, the H-bomb was tested in the Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Islands (Cold War History). The reaction was so fierce, the explosion wiped the island off the face of the earth, leaving a crater on the ocean floor. The explosion reached a range of 25 square miles and had a mushroom cloud which dropped radioactive fallout on the surrounding areas (The Cold War Museum). This new weapon scared the Soviet Union into creating their own bombs.
In 1941, The United States began an atomic bomb program called the “Manhattan Project.” The main objective of the “Manhattan Project” was to research and build an atomic bomb before Germany could create and use one against the allied forces during World War II. German scientists had started a similar research program four years before the United States began so the scientists of the “Manhattan Project” felt a sense of urgency throughout their work (Wood “Men … Project”).
They held the belief that the Rosenbergs were, "hopeless victims of cold war hysteria, singled out because of their political views, and perhaps also because of their Jewishness." U.S. Ambassador Douglass Dillion said, "Nothing could be better calculated than this claim to convince waverers that the Rosenbergs, if executed, will be victims of what the Europeans freely term McCarthyism." Harold Urey, a world-renowned scientist, said: "Now that I can see what goes on in Judge Kaufman's courtroom, I believe that the Rosenbergs are innocent. What appalls me most is the role that the press are playing. The judge's bias is so obvious. I keep looking over at the newspapermen and there is not a flicker of indignation or concern.. " Albert Einstein wrote to President Truman: "My conscience compels me to urge you to commute the death sentence of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg.this appeal to you was prompted by the same reasons which were set forth so convincingly by my colleague Harold C. Urey in his letter."
Rosenberg Spies In 1951, Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were convicted of passing information to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) concerning the construction of nuclear weapons. In 1953, the United States Government executed them. Some say, the Rosenbergs received their just punishment. Many historians feel that the trial was unfair, and that international claims for clemency were wrongly ignored. These historians claim that the Rosenbergs were assassinated by the US government.
When the United States caught word that Germany was close to creating the atomic bomb, J. Robert Oppenheimer and other scientists wanted to create it first, for the U.S. After three years of research, the first small atomic device was exploded on July 16, 1945 in the lab at Los Alamos. Having proved their concept worked, a larger scale bomb was built. Less than a month later, atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan (Rosenberg).
The strongest among the Allies, the United States was the initiator of the plan of the atomic bomb. During World War II, Japan bombed the navy base of the United States known as Pearl Harbor(Depression & WWII). Fueled by the motivation to take revenge on Japan after the Pearl Harbor Incident, the United States decided to enter World War II. In order to defeat Japan as rapidly as possible, the United States initiated the Manhattan Project to develop the atomic bomb (Chen). The two atomic bombs that were dropped on the two major cities of Japan led to the unconditional surrender of Japan. According to President, Truman the dropping of the “atomic bomb was the greatest thing in history.”(Wright) Therefore, even after seeing the devastating effects of the atomic bomb the United States showed no regrets of the plan of the atomic bomb. The United States government believed that it was a necessary act to drop the atomic bomb for the sake of ending the war as soon as possible.
The nuclear bomb was the most devastating weapon ever created by man. It was developed between 1942 and 1945 during the second World War. The project to build the worlds first atomic weapon was called The Manhattan Project. The nuclear bomb was based on the idea of splitting an atom to create energy, this is called fission. Three bombs were created, “Trinity”, “Little Boy”, and “Fat Man”. “Trinity” was dropped on a test site in New Mexico on July 16, 1945, proving the theories, engineering and mathematics of the bomb to be correct. Shortly after that, not more than 2 months, the U.S. performed the first actual nuclear attack in the history of war. The bomb “Little Boy” was dropped on the town of Hiroshima, instantly killing thousands. “Fat Man” was dropped shortly after on the town of Nagasaki. After the bombing almost all scientist involved with the creation of the bomb regretted its construction and spoke out against the abolishment of nuclear weapons.