How was Channel Island made? In this essay I will be talking about Channel island and how it was formed, if it was man made or natural, the environmental problems, and all of the beautiful Islands it includes all of the unique plants it has and all of the different species of animals it has. How Channel Island was formed: “The story of the rocks that make up the islands goes back well over 100 million years and is a history of the changes wrought by plate tectonics in southern California. Up to about 30 million years ago, the western edge of North America was a place where two large plates of the Earth's crust converged. As the oceanic Farallon plate approached the continental North American plate from the west, it descended into a …show more content…
deep trench and was destroyed by melting in the mantle (subduction). Landward of the trench, a marine basin was formed and for many millions of years the sediments that washed off the land into this basin collected and solidified to become some of the 'basement' rocks that we see on the islands today.All of this changed about 30 million years ago when the Farallon plate ran out of material in southern California. The plate behind it - the Pacific plate - began to slide past the continent. Between 27 and 18 million years ago, the Pacific plate made contact with North America and continental pieces began to break off and join the Pacific plate, gradually establishing the modern San Andreas plate boundary where, in southern California, the two plates are sliding by each other, moving laterally in opposite directions along the San Andreas fault. Between 18 to 5 million years ago, compressive forces ceased, to be replaced by a slight extensional regime (transtension).The orientation of the islands and their uplift in the last five million years are directly attributable to the plate tectonic forces caused by the Pacific plate's arrival at the edge of the North American continent.” In 1969 Santa Barbara experienced an environmental disaster. An oil platform blowout 200,00 gallons of oil into the ocean in a period of eleven days. Climate change is one of the issues. It puts more acid in the water which makes it hard for some species to make their shells. The climate change also changes the water temperature making it harder for some species to survive. The change can bring more storms that will destroys the animal's habitat. In 1970 scientists became aware of decline breeding in California brown pelicans. The pelicans were unable to nest because the eggshells were too thin and were crushed in the nest. In 1970 one chick was successfully raised on Anacapa Island . Channel Islands marine sanctuary provides habitat for four breeding population species. San Miguel has sea lions, harbor seals, northern elephant seals, northern fur seals, Guadalupe fur seals, and Steller sea lions. San miguel island is located in Santa Barbara county.
It is the sixth largest island out of the eight islands. San miguel island is 9,325 acres. Endemic plants occurs on San Miguel. The island fox and deer mouse is found on San Miguel. The oldest indian Archaeological site is found on San Miguel Island. San Miguel island supports one third of breeding seabirds in Channel Island. Santa Barbara is located in Santa Barbara county. Santa Barbara is 639 acres. Santa Barbara is home to fourteen endemic plants that are on found on Channel Island including buckwheat, dudleya, cream cups, and chicory. The night lizard only lives on Santa Barbara and a couple other islands of Channel Island. Santa Barbara has the world's largest breeding colony of Scripps's Murrelets. Santa Cruz is the world's largest island. Santa Cruz is 62,000 acres. Santa Cruz has 60 endemic species. Scrub-jay is only found on Santa Cruz Island. ¨In spring 2006 Santa Cruz Island was home to the first bald eagle chick to hatch unaided by humans on the Channel Islands in over 50 years.¨ Santa Rosa is located in Santa Barbara county. Santa Rosa is 53,000 acres. Six endemic plants occur only on Santa Rosa. Santa Rosa is home to the island spotted skunk. Anacapa is located in Ventura county. Anacapa is five miles long. ¨The Anacapa lighthouse, turned on in 1932, was the last permanent lighthouse built on the West Coast.¨ Anacapa is home to thirty sea caves. San Nicolas is located in Ventura county. San Nicolas is 14,562 acres. San Nicolas is composed of Eocene sandstone and shale. San Clemente is located in the southernmost of Channel Island. San Clemente is 56.81 square miles. San Clemente is owned by United States navy. Santa Catalina is southwest of Los Angeles. Santa Catalina is twenty two miles long. Santa Catalina is home to fifty endemic species. Catalina was settled by Native Americans. “During this time, the island was sporadically used for smuggling, otter hunting, and gold-digging, before
successfully being developed into a tourist destination.¨ ¨ Its total population in the 2010 census was 4,096 people, 90 percent of whom live in the island's only incorporated city, Avalon.¨
A significant portion of New England was formed as a result of an accretionary orogen. Southeastern New England is marked by a series of terranes that accreted onto the Laurentian supercontinent during the Silurian and Devonian. The Terranes of Gander, Nashoba, Avalon, and Meguma are present from west to east in eastern Massachusetts and all of are Gondwanan provenance. Their modern-day juxtaposition suggests that the marginal Gondwanan micro-continents collided sequentially from west to east, expanding the Laurentian continent with each respective collision. As each subsequent plate collided, an intervening subduction zone died and a new subduction zone was created to the east. The oblique collision of the Avalon Terrane into Laurentia followed the accretions of the Gander and Nashoba Terranes and preceded the accretion of Meguma. The collision was marked by uplift, mylonitic metamorphism, and calc-alkaline Nashoba plutonism as the Iapetus Ocean subducted under the Nashoba and eventually the Avalon collided obliquely into the continental margin.
The Precambrian Shield Rocks found in the Brickworks was formed in an ancient sea more than 1.4 billion years ago. Over many years, the heat and pressure from plate tectonics slowly pushed the land into a mountain chain. During the Ordovician period (around 470- 448 million years ago), the mountain chains This layer of shale and limestone is called the Georgian Bay
The island is about 4 square miles and is today a place for tourism in the great lakes. Many thousands of years ago though this was a little piece of land with bluffs reaching high above its surroundings and was a merely a small piece of land surrounded by water. It was because of these bluffs the appearance of the island resembled a turtle and led to it being named “The Great Turtle” (Piljac, 1998). Currently the island reaches several hundred feet above the lake and it’s because of this geography that many nations saw this as a perfect military post and would be used over and over again throughout its history as such.
Roderick Nash. ISLAND CIVILIZATION A VISION FOR HUMAN OCCUPANCY OF EARTH IN THE FOURTH MILLENNIUM. 2001. .
4.Roanoke Island— 12 mi (19 km) long and 3 mi (4.8 km) wide, off the NE coast of North Carolina between Albemarle and Pimlico sounds, site of the earliest English colony in North America. The first colonists, sent out by Sir Walter Raleigh landed in Aug. 1585 but returned to England in 1586. A second group, arriving in 1587, disappeared by the time additional supplies were brought from England in 1591. Artifacts from the lost colony are displayed in Fort Raleigh National Historic Site on the island.
In the colonization of Turtle Island (North America), the United States government policy set out to eliminate the Indigenous populations; in essence to “destroy all things Indian”.2 Indigenous Nations were to relocate to unknown lands and forced into an assimilation of the white man 's view of the world. The early American settlers were detrimental, and their process became exterminatory.3 Colonization exemplified by violent confrontations, deliberate massacres, and in some cases, total annihilations of a People.4 The culture of conquest was developed and practiced by Europeans well before they landed on Turtle Island and was perfected well before the fifteenth century.5 Taking land and imposing values and ways of life on the social landscape
It describes it as a coastal Mediterranean type of ecosystem, which is a rare mixture of vegetation and climate that can only be found in 5 other places in the world. The waters surrounding the islands contain a mix of nutrient-rich cool currents and warm coastal seawater, which enhances photosynthesis and the proliferation of sea life. Records of extinct species like the pygmy mammoth and giant deer mouse are evident on the islands as well. This website contains many photos demonstrating the abundance of organisms on the channel islands, and also has links to its marine resources, coastal resources, terrestrial resources, and ecological resources. Although there is no credited literature citations and known author, the website seems actively maintained by the National Park Service, which is a reliable government agency. It was also recently updated, and contains seemingly unbiased and objective
While Topsail is now plagued by torrents of tourists and vastly spiking in development, in its early history, the island had many uses ranging from a Native Indian hunting ground, a hideout for pirates, and the home to a secret missile project, showing that even in its earliest history the island was not used for human inhabitance. Although frequently visited in the 1700s and 1800s by Tuscarora Indians and roaming pirates in the coastal waters, no bridge existed between the mainland and the island until the United States created Camp Davis during World War II and seized the island for military maneuvers and anti-aircraft exercises. Between...
Mission San Juan Capistrano, historic landmark and museum, is the Birthplace of Orange County. It was founded more than two hundred years ago as the 7th of 21 missions in California and features a chapel still standing where Saint Serra once celebrated Mass. Today, it is a monument to California’s multi-cultural history, embracing its Native American, Spanish, Mexican and European heritage. Originally built as a self sufficient community by Spanish Padres and Native Americans, the Mission was a center for agriculture, industry, education and religion. Famous for the Return of the Swallows, Mission San Juan Capistrano’s nickname is the “Jewel of the California Missions” and welcomes over 300,000 visitors each year.
Island Records is one of the most influential pop music record labels of all time.
5 - Why did the British establish colonies in the Chesapeake and Carolina? How and why did life and labor in these colonies change during the 17th century? What developments occurred then that continued to shape America for
The Eastern region of North American continent was swarmed with English in the 18th century. Initially directed under British rule, the English formed colonies in North, middle, and Southern regions along the Atlantic Ocean. The three regions each possessed distinct environments and features, so different groups of people occupied each colonies. Thus, the British North American colonies in the 1700’s developed distinctive characteristics, yet also shared similar characteristics which bonded them together.
...t of laurasia, just like most of the other plates. North America,Europe, and Green land all used to be connect because of Pangea ( as mentioned earlier). But when everything started to separate, first europe, then green land, and lastly the North American plate. After pangea was no more and the plates all started moving, the continents started going their own ways, there fore putting the continents where they are today.
Rapa Nui is more commonly known as Easter Island, a province of Chile. Its official Spanish name is Isla de Pascua. It is one of the most isolated inhabited islands on earth, located in the southeastern Pacific Ocean. The island is triangular in shape, with three volcanic peaks, each one found at one corner of the island. Covered mostly in barren rock or grass and shrubs, the island was once heavily forested. The only indigenous animals are flocks of sea birds and the Polynesian rat. Cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens, and dogs were introduced from other islands or from European visitors. The island is in a tropical climate zone, with water obtained from one of three springs, or by collecting rain water.
The Mid- Atlantic Oceanic Ridge is the best known divergent boundaries. Divergent boundaries are when two plates move apart from one another. The Mid-Atlantic Oceanic Ridge is spreading at an average of 2.5 centimeters a year ("Understanding plate motions [This Dynamic Earth, USGS]", 2014). This underwater mountain range a prime example of seafloor spreading as well. Seafloor spreading creates new oceanic lithosphere when the two plates pull apart and magma is allowed to well up and fill the crack. This also causes underwater mountains to form if the magma flows upwards past the crust (Tarbuck & Lutgens, 2015). It is important to understand how these ranges are created, especially because they can give scientists an idea on when new islands or continents may be formed. It also allows scientists to understand what may cause other plates to diverge from one