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Ada lovelace research paper
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Topic: Ada Lovelace
General Purpose: To inform
Specific Purpose: To inform the class about Ada Lovelace. She is considered to be one of the pioneers of computer science and modern technology.
Attention-Getting Device: Most of us use smartphone, and whenever we have a discussion about the contribution of different people in making this device, we often talk about Steve Jobs, Tim Cook or Bill Gates. If someone is really nerdy, they might go back to the 19th century and talk about Charles Babbage. But we always forget one name while having these discussions; mainly because, most of us never heard that name, and that name is Ada Lovelace.
Introduction: Ada Lovelace was an English mathematician and writer. She worked with Charles Babbage on
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his early mechanical general-purpose computer, the Analytical Engine. Her notes on the engine include, what is recognized as the first algorithm intended to be carried out by a machine. Because of this, she is regarded as the first computer programmer. Thesis: All the technologies that we use today would have been impossible to invent without the contribution of Ada Lovelace.
Yet, hardly anyone knows about her contribution to computer science, her struggle in life and how she can be an inspiration for millions of girls, who want to follow her footsteps.
Preview Main Points - see underlines in thesis
I. Eda Lovelace was one of the pioneers of Computer Science.
A) While working with Charles Babbage, Babbage and Ada flew back and forth filled with fact and fantasy. In her article, published in 1843, Lovelace's prescient comments included her predictions that such a machine could be used to compose complex music, to produce graphics, and would be used for both practical and scientific use. She was absolutely right.
B) A software language developed by the U.S. Department of Defense was named "Ada" in her honor in 1979.
II. From childhood, her life was full of personal and physical struggle.
A) Ada Lovelace comes from a broken home. Her parents got separated only a week after her birth. Her mother got the custody of her. She never saw her father ever again. Her mother encouraged her interest in math, logic and science, enrolling her in a rigorous tutoring
curriculum. B) Ada's health suffered, after a bout of cholera in 1837. She had lingering problems with asthma and her digestive system. She reportedly experienced mood swings and hallucinations. She had suffered a variety of illnesses. Ada Lovelace died at the age of 36, probably of uterine cancer. III. Every year, the second Tuesday of October is celebrated as the Ada Lovelace Day. It marks both the mathematical prowess of the woman dubbed the “first computer programmer” and the cultural barriers she faced. This international day of celebration helps people learn about the achievements of women in STEM, inspiring others and creating new role models for young and old alike. A) She had varieties of physical problems and mental illness. Still she did not give up on her passion for mathematics. Not only had she worked with Babbage on his Analytical Engine, but she also conducted research to try and map how the brain gives rise to thoughts through mathematical models, even though she was sick.
Valarie Thomas was born in Maryland in the month of May of 1943. When she was young, math and science was not encouraged of her, but soon she developed a fascination with the mysteries of technology. At eight years old, she borrowed a book from the library, called “The Boy’s First Book on Electronics.” Although, her father was also interested in electronics, he would not help her with any of the projects that were found in the book. For in the 1950s most parents and schools didn’t deem electronics and other scientific subjects to be a suitable career for women. Valerie attended an all-girls high school. While in high school, she decided to take accelerated math classes, she also continued to work on her technological ability as more of a curiosity.
Mathematician Katherine Coleman Johnson was born on August 26, 1918 in White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia to Joylette and Joshua Coleman. Her father was a lumberman, farmer, and handyman. He also worked at the Greenbrier Hotel. Her mother was a former teacher. Ms. Johnson’s nickname was “ the human computer “ At a very early age Ms. Johnson showed a talent for math, she was also anxious to go to school. Her interest was counting. She loved to count it did not matter what it was. She counted the steps to get to church, she counted the number and silverware she washed. Anything that can be counted she counted it. Ms. Katherine was named for the girl who loved to count. Her hobbies was reading book about math, numbers, nasa. If it had something
6. web site: women in science/ women in computer science/ women involved in ENIAC program.
Since girls were not permitted to attend any college preparatory schools, she decided to go to a general finishing school. There she studied and became certified to teach English and French. Soon after she altered her mind and decided that she wanted to pursue an education in mathematics. In 1904 Erlangen University accepted Emmy as one of the first female college students. In 1907 she received a Ph.D. in mathematics from this University. From 1908 to 1915 she worked at the Mathematical Institute of Erlangen without getting compensated or titled. The only reason she was permitted to work there was because she was helping her dad out by lecturing for his class when he was out sick. During these years she worked with Algebraist Ernst Otto Fisher and also started to work on theoretical algebra, which would make her a known mathematician in the future. She started working at the mathematical Institute in Göttingen and started to assist with Einstein’s general relativity theory. In 1918 she ended up proving two theorems which were a fundamental need f...
Goldstine, Herman H. "Computers at the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School." The Jayne Lecture. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol 136, No.1. January 24, 1991
In recent years there have been many strides in equality among the sexes and this new trend has lead to some well deserved recognition and opportunities for some of our more prominent female mathematicians. Mathematics has traditionally been a male dominated field of study and it has taken the work of several brilliant and strong willed women over the past several decades to demonstrate that women deserve a place in this area of study as well as the men. These women have been tireless in their efforts and they have provided like-minded females with role models that they can connect with and try to emulate. One such female mathematician that has had an interesting and successful career is Nancy Kopell. She has proven over the years that she deserves her place as one of the world's most knowledgeable and renowned female mathematicians.
The working group created a series of language requirements documents - the Strawman, Tinman, and Ironman (and later Steelman) documents. Twenty-three existing languages were formally reviewed, FORTRAN, COBOL, PL/I, HAL/S, TACPOL, CMS-2, CS-4, SPL/I, JOVIAL J3, JOVIAL J73, ALGOL 60, ALGOL 68, CORAL 66, Pascal, SUMULA 67, LIS, LTR, TRL/2, EUCLID, PDL2, PEARL, MORAL, EL/I; but the team concluded in 1977 that no existing language met the specifications, though Pascal, ALGOL 68, or PL/I would be a good starting point (History of the Ada Programming Language). Requests for proposals for a new programming language were issued and four contractors were hired to develop their proposals under the names of Red, Green, Blue, and Yellow. In May of 1979, the Green proposal, designed by Jean Ichbiah at Cii Honeywell Bull, was chosen and given the name Ada, after Lady Ada Lovelace, the so-called first computer programmer. The reference manual was approved on December 10, 1980 (Ada Lovelace's birthday). The total number of high-level programming languages in use for embedded systems projects at the DoD fell from over 450 in 1983 to 37 by 1996. The DoD required the use Ada for every software project where new code was more than 30% of result, though exceptions to this rule were often granted. This requirement was effectively removed in 1997. Similar requirements existed in other North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries.
Mark I. It was actually a electromechanical calculation. It is said that this was the first potentially computers. In 1951 Remington Rand’s came out with the UNIVAC it began
If the nineteenth century was an era of the Industrial revolution in Europe, I would say that computers and Information Technology have dominated since the twentieth century. The world today is a void without computers, be it healthcare, commerce or any other field, the industry won’t thrive without Information Technology and Computer Science. This ever-growing field of technology has aroused interest in me since my childhood. After my twelfth grade, the inherent ardor I held for Computer Science motivated me to do a bachelors degree in Information Technology. Programming and Math, a paragon of logic and reasoning, have always been my favorite subjects since childhood.
In a world that is dominated by men, there were few women who could stand up and be noticed in the earlier years. In the early nineteenth century, Ada Augusta Byron Lovelace, made herself known among the world of men and her work still influences today's world. She is considered the "Mother of Computer Programming" and the "Enchantress of Numbers." The world of computers began with the futuristic knowledge of Charles Babbage and Lady Lovelace. She appeared to know more about Babbage's work of the Analytical Engine than he himself knew. During the time of Lovelace's discoveries, women were just beginning to take part in the scientific world, although the attitude towards women and education was that women should not exceed or match that of a male. It was also believed that women who studied extensively would become extremely ill and eventually die. Lovelace was driven to the world of men by her passion and love for mathematics. Her upbringing, her search for more knowledge, her love for mathematics and her incredible inherited wiring abilities bought to life what we know today as computer programming or computer science.
With technology rapidly changing as fast as we blink our eyes, it is important for people to learn as much as possible about the computer world if they want to maintain a decent lifestyle because the world we live in revolving around those technologies. As McKee points out, “most jobs now require intelligence and technical skill” (1). Each year, there is something either added or modified to computers, which forces people to learn computer literacy at a steady pace. While some love computers, others despise them. When comparing people’s attitudes towards computers, statistics show a gender gap that proves most females’ attitudes are drastically different from the attitudes of males. Several studies prove that women not only lack an interest in technology, but they also chose not to enroll in computer classes. Since computers and technology play an enormous role in the world today, more technology professionals are needed. It is extremely important for more women to become knowledgeable in these areas. Swain and Harvey argue, “This technology gender gap is affecting half our population and causing it to be unprepared to contribute to the demands of a high-tech twenty-first century” (17). While this may not seem like a serious issue to some, it is an issue that will ultimately lead to a bigger problem if not handled immediately. So why are there so few women in the technology field? To answer that question, I must first find out why are there so few women in the technology and computer classes, considering that this atmosphere is the most common place where the interest for computers is born.
Consequently, I engage in cross curricular projects towards developing elementary skills across fields to better relate them to computer sciences. Similarly, I chair several extracurricular activities involving diversity, social justice, cultural awareness and health issues. During these interdisciplinary explorations, I partake in various computer-related enterprises, from advertisement to leadership. As a computer science student, I am inquisitive about the extents of the application of computer science and its mechanics. These foster my interest in research on innovations on such mechanics to improve the application of this science.
Charles Babbage was born at Walworth, Surrey England in December 26,1791. He achieved many great feats and belonged to many very distinguished groups before he died in October 18, 1871. Many people consider him to be the grandfather of computer science due to his great works with his Difference Engine (1821), which printed tables of polynomials, and his Analytical Engine (1856), which was intended as a general symbol manipulator. These inventions were far more complex than the work of any of his fellow inventors. Although there is no evidence that the computers of today are direct descendants of his work. He grew up with a passion for how mechanical objects worked. He also was an excellent mathematician. This was discovered at an early age when he employed a tutor only to find out he knew more about math than the tutor did. He was home schooled for a good many years before entering Cambridge University in 1810 an institution where he would later hold the position of Lucasian chair of mathematics from 1828 to 1839. His home schooling was in direct result of poor health in his youth. He was involved in many different fields of science. He was the first person to be presented the Gold Medal award given by the Astronomical Society. He was also a key figure in the founding of the Astronomical Society in 1820, the British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1831 and the Statistical Society of London in 1834. He is also the author of the very influential book On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures. He also wrote a series of papers on many different topics such as optics and cryptology. Babbage excelled in many categories but being a politician wasn’t one of them. As a result he would not be able to persuade the government in England to give him a grant on working on the analytical engine. In Babbages early years he was quite social an pleasant to have around. In fact he was notorious for excellent dinner parties where many famous and prominent people would be in attendance. Although over the years and believed by some as a result from the death of his daughter Shelley, who drowned near La Spezia in July of 1822 and 5 years later the death of his 35-year-old wife Georgiana in August 1827 he became a very bitter old man.
Karwatka, Dennis. "Ada Lovelace--The First Computer Programmer." Tech Directions 54.10 (1995): 21. Academic Search Complete. Web. 5 May 2014.
Technology continued to prosper in the computer world into the nineteenth century. A major figure during this time is Charles Babbage, designed the idea of the Difference Engine in the year 1820. It was a calculating machine designed to tabulate the results of mathematical functions (Evans, 38). Babbage, however, never completed this invention because he came up with a newer creation in which he named the Analytical Engine. This computer was expected to solve “any mathematical problem” (Triumph, 2). It relied on the punch card input. The machine was never actually finished by Babbage, and today Herman Hollerith has been credited with the fabrication of the punch card tabulating machine.