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Women's contributions to mathematics
Women's contributions to mathematics
Women's contributions to mathematics
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Mathematician Katherine Coleman Johnson was born on August 26, 1918 in White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia to Joylette and Joshua Coleman. Her father was a lumberman, farmer, and handyman. He also worked at the Greenbrier Hotel. Her mother was a former teacher. Ms. Johnson’s nickname was “ the human computer “ At a very early age Ms. Johnson showed a talent for math, she was also anxious to go to school. Her interest was counting. She loved to count it did not matter what it was. She counted the steps to get to church, she counted the number and silverware she washed. Anything that can be counted she counted it. Ms. Katherine was named for the girl who loved to count. Her hobbies was reading book about math, numbers, nasa. If it had something …show more content…
Katherine Coleman Johnson was the first african american woman to desegregate the graduate school at West Virginia University in Morgantown, West Virginia. SHe became one of three african-american students and the only female to integrate the graduate school. After the United States Supreme Court ruling Gaines v. Canada in 1938 the court ruled that since states provided higher education to white students also had to provide it to black students. Soon after graduating college she took a teaching job in african american public school in Virginia. She did teaching for a little but her passion was math. Katherine Coleman Johnson was motivated towards math because she loved numbers. She loved counting numbers, she loved doing equations. So she became one of the first african american female …show more content…
Second accomplishment is that Johnson co-authored 26 scientific papers. Her social influence as a pioneer in space science and computing got her status as a role model for a life in science. Some awards she got was Honorary Doctor of Laws in 1998. In 1996 she was the outstanding alumnus of the year. Some of her recent awards was in 2015 when she got the presidential medal of freedom. One last award that she received in 2016 was the Presidential Honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters from West Virginia
He reverse engineered his sister's doll to understand how the eyes closed and he worked in the u.s air force weapons laboratory, acting chief of nuclear power safety section. Therefore he was a mariner mark 2 spacecraft series for comet rendezvous and saturn orbiter probe missions. To begin with as a child, Johnson was very innovative and curious, he built his own go cart out a lawnmower engine he attached to scraps he found in a junk yard. According to the passage it says that he created a robot name” linex”, which was a compressed - air powered robot and took home first prize. Therefore johnson represented his high school in alabama.
... an excellent teacher who inspired all of her students, even if they were undergraduates, with her huge love for mathematics. Aware of the difficulties of women being mathematicians, seven women under her direction received doctorates at Bryn Mawr. Anna took her students to mathematical meetings oftenly. She also urged the women to participate on an equal professional level with men. She had great enthusiasm to teach all she knew about mathematics. She loved learning all she could about mathematics. Anna was a big contributor to mathematics. Anna was gifted in this department. She spent most of her life trying to achieve her accomplishments. She truly is a hero to women. She achieved all of these accomplishments when women mathematicians were very uncommon. She deserved all the awards and achievements she won. Judy Green and Jeanne Laduke, science historians, stated,
experience with civil rights. Her father fought a lengthy legal battle in the late 1930’s
Based on the pronouncements of the court on May 17, 1954, everyone in the courtroom was shocked after it became clear that Marshall was right in his claim about the unconstitutionality of legal segregation in American public schools. Essentially, this court’s decision became a most important turning point in U.S. history because the desegregation case had been won by an African American attorney. Additionally, this became a landmark decision in the sense that it played a big role in the crumbling of the discriminatory laws against African Americans and people of color in major socioeconomic areas, such as employment, education, and housing (Stinson, 2008). Ultimately, Marshall’s legal achievements contributed significantly to the criminal justice field.
who changed everything around her reservation is SuAnne Big Crow. She was only a freshman but she
During this time in history, African-Americans were looked down upon by the white people, because of their race. This is called discrimination. Colvin was one of the many African-Americans that the whites saw as not "normal" because of the color of her skin.
According to Max Hunter, (2011) "in 1954, Clark began teaching at the Highlander Folk School in Monteagle, Tennessee where she developed her Citizenship Pedagogy" (para. 2). The pedagogy that Hunter referenced developed because of the racism, sexism, and discrimination that Clark experienced while teaching in the public school system in and around Charleston South Carolina. She along with the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) fought for black teachers to receive pay equal to their white counterparts ("AdultEducation," n.d.). She also fought and won the right for blacks to become principals in the Charleston school district (Wikipedia, 2011, para. 5). According to Lewis (2003), the school board fired Clark after teaching for 40 years, because she refused to give up her membership to the NAACP (Brief Portrait section, para. 4). She later, served as the first African American member on that same board (Sears, 2000, para. 19). All of these experiences shaped her work as an activist, feminist and advocate for civil rights.
Johnson enrolled in DuSable High School and was an excelling student. Because of his achievements, Johnson was invited in 1936, to speak at a dinner held by the Urban League. Harry Pace, the President of the Supreme Liberty Life Insurance Company, was so impressed with Johnson's speech that he offered him a job and a scholarship to attend college part-time. But his interest focused primarily on the operations at the insurance firm and eventually he dropped his studies at the University of Chicago. In 1939 at the age of 21 he became the editor of Pace's in-house magazine. Collecting articles culled from national publications, Johnson realizes he had struck gold.
Dr. Branson became a full professor of physics and was made chairman of the physics department of Howard University from 1941 to 1968. He had research interests in mathematical biology and protein structure. Dale Emeagwali was honored as Scientist of the Year in 1996. She has made great contributions to the field of science that has benefited mankind. Dr. Emeagwali came from a background where if you wanted to be a doctor while growing up, you would be slapped across the head and told to stop dreaming.
Evelyn Boyd Granville was one of the first African Americans to be a Mathematician. She was well educated by schools that helped her become a teacher (Professor) and has a background of her family whom also helped.
...Court decided that this was not unlawful, Chief Justin Earl Warren made the final decision saying “"We conclude that the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." This was the first time that the African Americans began to see themselves making strides towards being equal.
“Throughout her professional life, [Anna Julia Cooper] advocated equal rights for women of color...and was particularly concerned with the civil, educational, and economic rights of Black women” (Thomas & Jackson, 2007, p. 363).
Computers are a magnificent feat of technology. They have grown from simple calculators to machines with many functions and abilities. Computers have become so common that almost every home has at least one computer, and schools find them a good source for information and education for their students (Hafner, Katie, unknown). Computers have created new careers and eliminated others and have left a huge impact on our society. The invention of the computer has greatly affected the arts, the business world, and society and history in many different areas, but to understand how great these changes are, it is necessary to take a look at the origins of the computer.
Ada Lovelace was the daughter of famous poet at the time, Lord George Gordon Byron, and mother Anne Isabelle Milbanke, known as “the princess of parallelograms,” a mathematician. A few weeks after Ada Lovelace was born, her parents split. Her father left England and never returned. Women received inferior education that that of a man, but Isabelle Milbanke was more than able to give her daughter a superior education where she focused more on mathematics and science (Bellis). When Ada was 17, she was introduced to Mary Somerville, a Scottish astronomer and mathematician who’s party she heard Charles Babbage’s idea of the Analytic Engine, a new calculating engine (Toole). Charles Babbage, known as the father of computer invented the different calculators. Babbage became a mentor to Ada and helped her study advance math along with Augustus de Morgan, who was a professor at the University of London (Ada Lovelace Biography Mathematician, Computer Programmer (1815–1852)). In 1842, Charles Babbage presented in a seminar in Turin, his new developments on a new engine. Menabrea, an Italian, wrote a summary article of Babbage’s developments and published the article i...
The history of the computer dates back all the way to the prehistoric times. The first step towards the development of the computer, the abacus, was developed in Babylonia in 500 B.C. and functioned as a simple counting tool. It was not until thousands of years later that the first calculator was produced. In 1623, the first mechanical calculator was invented by Wilhelm Schikard, the “Calculating Clock,” as it was often referred to as, “performed it’s operations by wheels, which worked similar to a car’s odometer” (Evolution, 1). Still, there had not yet been anything invented that could even be characterized as a computer. Finally, in 1625 the slide rule was created becoming “the first analog computer of the modern ages” (Evolution, 1). One of the biggest breakthroughs came from by Blaise Pascal in 1642, who invented a mechanical calculator whose main function was adding and subtracting numbers. Years later, Gottfried Leibnez improved Pascal’s model by allowing it to also perform such operations as multiplying, dividing, taking the square root.