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Objectification of women in advertising
Objectification of women in advertising
Essays on the portrayal of genders in advertising
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The mass media of advertising places a great distribution on the consumption of gender identity. Advertising is a complex form of mass communication used to persuade consumer goods to the public, but this is certainly not the only case. Advertising also plays a huge role towards the operation of gender identification, social values, and attitudes. The institution of advertising lacks the essential knowledge on the actual goods and resources (Dyer, 2008). Throughout the representation of the advertising media, women have been consistently displayed as passive objects towards the male gaze. Yet, within the contemporary representation of a patriarchal society, women now appear to have more sexually internalized views on their own agentic sexualisation. …show more content…
Although we are living in a post-feminist era where advertisement depicts women as being active, independent and powerful. According to Gill (2008), there are still ongoing sexist advertisements towards objectifying and sexualizing women bodies. The contemporary illustration of women as sexual agentic in advertisements has caused challenging issues towards feminist movement. It has created political and social problems by redefining the concept of Feminism. In other words, it is trying to tap into the idea of feminism as a challenging power on women who have power now by using the rhetoric against the long-standing form of visual media in women's body parts, it is actually taking the politics out of feminism. The concept “Feminism” becomes depoliticized as the advertising media turns to the approach of “feminist social goals to individual lifestyle” (Goldman et al., 1991). Within the contemporary advertising industry, Feminism is now attached to the idea of femininity. Feminism is now put into a position of commodity and language, it no longer follows the original definition of fighting against unequal social, political and economic …show more content…
According to Kilbourn in the video “Killing Us Softly”, advertising since the 1970s has picked up the rhetoric of feminist movement and depoliticize it to sell products (Jhally et al., 2010). Feminism in modern advertising is heavily valued towards the ideologies of being sexually attractive. It opposes the significances origins of Feminism as a movement on social, political and economic rights of sex equality (Goldman et al., 1991). There is no significant development from the entrepreneurs trying to allocate advertisements towards the social movement. Instead, they transformed the meaning of feminism into symbolic currency as assumptions for business (Goldman et al., 1991). This means that they are using the concept of feminism on women as a way of making money. Within contemporary advertisements, the exploitation of women still remains to serve the idea of a sexist image through objectifying their skin and body. However, instead of fully sexualizing the image of women’s body with no explanation. Women who show their skin and body is now promoted with products through the marketing strategies. One example of this is the advertisement from Infusium23, displaying a half naked women in a business environment towards the promotion of hair products (See Figure 1) (Duske, 2016). Another example of this is the advertisement from Stuart Weitzman,
Common sense seems to dictate that commercials just advertise products. But in reality, advertising is a multi-headed beast that targets specific genders, races, ages, etc. In “Men’s Men & Women’s Women”, author Steve Craig focuses on one head of the beast: gender. Craig suggests that, “Advertisers . . . portray different images to men and women in order to exploit the different deep seated motivations and anxieties connected to gender identity.” In other words, advertisers manipulate consumers’ fantasies to sell their product. In this essay, I will be analyzing four different commercials that focuses on appealing to specific genders.
The documentary Killing Us Softly 4 discusses and examines the role of women in advertisements and the effects of the ads throughout history. The film begins by inspecting a variety of old ads. The speaker, Jean Kilbourne, then discusses and dissects each ad describing the messages of the advertisements and the subliminal meanings they evoke. The commercials from the past and now differ in some respects but they still suggest the same messages. These messages include but are not limited to the following: women are sexual objects, physical appearance is everything, and women are naturally inferior then men. Kilbourne discusses that because individuals are surrounded by media and advertisements everywhere they go, that these messages become real attitudes and mindsets in men and women. Women believe they must achieve a level of beauty similar to models they see in magazines and television commercials. On the other hand, men expect real women to have the same characteristics and look as beautiful as the women pictured in ads. However, even though women may diet and exercise, the reality...
Advertising, whether criticized or celebrated, is undeniably a strong force in American society. Portrayals and Images of women have long been used to sell in published advertisements. However, how they have been used has changed enormously throughout the decades. Women have fought to find a lasting and prominent position in their society. Only in the span of twenty years, between 1900’s and 1920’s, the roles of women changed dramatically here in United States.
Women have been an integral part of society and culture throughout the world for the entirety of its history. This being said, women have not always been held in the brightest and most enabling of lights. With the advent of advertising, women have been portrayed in a variety of degrading tropes that repressed the freedom that many women began to publicly cry out for. The print advertisements of the 1950s have been portrayed as the worst of the offenders in objectifying women as unintelligent beings. Although I do support the thought that the advertisements of the 1950s were bad for putting forward the idea of women’s liberation, the ads of this time also helped to prepare for the second wave of feminism and the sexual revolution. It also promoted a positive look on being a woman, in addition to the negative, that promoted the gathering sense of identification throughout society in being a woman. Thus I am putting forward the additional idea that though the advertisements during this time were not all healthy views on womanhood, there were a great many that helped move women into the next 50 years, and that we could not be where we are today if we had not had the mass exposure of these ads in culture in the 1950s.
They want to show a “sparkling version” of the product and that implicates that, “if you buy the one, you are on the way to realizing the other” (26). So the portrayal of gender is essential in advertisement when it is trying to catch the viewer’s attention, since gender norms can be considered as a form of silent language in the society. Simply put, it can be said that gender roles are “a language which needs no complex translation by the viewer, just transmission through the image” (Capener 3) and therefore it is important for the advertiser to utilize the imagined gender roles within the advertisement
Open up any magazine and you will see the objectification of women. The female body is exploited by advertising, to make money for companies that sell not just a product, but a lifestyle to consumers. Advertisements with scantily clothed women, in sexualized positions, all objectify women in a sexual manner. Headless women, for example, make it easy to see them as only a body by erasing the individuality communicated through faces, eyes, and eye contact. Interchangeability is an advertising theme that reinforces the idea that women, like objects, are replaceable.
The article, “Two Ways to Hurt a Women: Advertising and Violence” is written by Jean Kilbourne, who is an award-winning author and educator. Kilbourne is best known for her works about the portrayal of women in advertisements. Throughout the article, Kilbourne explains how advertisement objectifies and dehumanizes women and indirectly led to create a culture of violence towards women. The purpose of Kilbourne’s article was to educate and bring awareness behind the “double meaning” of these ads that are meant to be degrading towards women. The audience for this article is both men and women. While ads do target and encourage men to be dominant over women, Kilbourne aims to bring awareness to both genders of the harm such advertisements are causing
New sex role stereotypes appeared throughout society and women became identified with the consumer culture for they were "major purchasers of products" and "constituted a crucial underpinning of the economy" (Dumenil 144). No group was more responsive to this than the advertising industry, which introduced new images while reinforcing traditional stereotypes. As speculation on women’s rights grew tiresome after suffrage had been won, women separated in search of their own individuality; however a woman’s identity was based on the sex-role stereotypes advertisements continuously portrayed which in turn transformed cultural expectations and thwarted women’s autonomy.
To sum up, it is often said that advertising is shaping women gender identity, and some have been argued that the statement is true, because of the higher amount of sexual references of women that advertisement show and the damages that occur on women’s personality and the public negative opinions of those women. As well, the negative effects that those kinds of advertisements cause to young generations and make them feel like they should simulate such things and are proud of what they are doing because famous actors are posting their pictures that way. Others deem this case as a personal freedom and absolutely unrelated to shaping women gender identity. On the contrast, they believe that, those sorts of advertisements are seriously teaching women how to stay healthy and be attractive, so they might have self-satisfaction after all.
The Tiger Beer advertisement shown in the appendix is a clear example of the objectification of women in advertising. The Tiger Beer advert was made to appeal to men from the age of 20 to 60. The advert seeks to get a cheap laugh from the target audience with the image of the woman in a sexual pose and the picture of the beer. The ad promotes the idea that beer is the most desirable thing in the ‘Far East’ and that beer is much more important than women. It also openly laughs at the South East Asian sex trade by putting a prostitute in the middle of the ad. The ad also implies that women in the ‘Far East’ are only good for sex (dressing in revealing, sexual clothes designed to make the woman in the ad seem more desirable).
Advertising in American culture has taken on the very interesting character of representing our culture as a whole. Take this Calvin Klein ad for example. It shows the sexualization of not only the Calvin Klein clothing, but the female gender overall. It displays the socially constructed body, or the ideal body for women and girls in America. Using celebrities in the upper class to sell clothing, this advertisement makes owning a product an indication of your class in the American class system. In addition to this, feminism, and how that impacts potential consumer’s perception of the product, is also implicated. Advertisements are powerful things that can convey specific messages without using words or printed text, and can be conveyed in the split-second that it takes to see the image. In this way, the public underestimates how much they are influenced by what they see on television, in magazines, or online.
Curry and Clarke’s article believe in a strategy called “visual literacy” which develops women and men’s roles in advertisements (1983: 365). Advertisements are considered a part of mass media and communications, which influence an audience and impact society as a whole. Audiences quickly begin to rely on messages sent through advertisements and can create ideologies of women and men. These messages not only are extremely persuasive, but they additionally are effective in product consumption in the media (Curry and Clarke 1983:
The portrayals of men in advertising began shifting towards a focus on sexual appeal in the 1980s, which is around the same that women in advertising were making this shift as well. According to Amy-Chinn, advertisements from 1985 conveyed the message that “men no longer just looked, they were also to be looked at” as seen in advertisements with men who were stripped down to their briefs (2). Additionally, advertisements like these were influencing society to view the male body “as an objectified commodity” (Mager and Helgeson 240). This shows how advertisements made an impact on societal views towards gender roles by portraying men as sex objects, similarly to women. By showcasing men and women in little clothing and provocative poses, advertisements influenced society to perceive men and women with more sexual
In the capitalistic society, sexual objectification of women has become one of the most popular and effective ways of promoting a product. Female bodies are used in a lot of commercials. Not only do females reveal their body parts for the sake of ‘sex appeal’, they are often identified as a product itself, sometimes even regardless of the context.
"Are Sexualized Women Complete Human Beings? Why Men and Women Dehumanize Sexually Objectified Women." European Journal Of Social Psychology 41.6 (2011): 774-785. Academic Search Premier. Web. 8 Nov. 2013.