The Swedish government change over the time
The Swedish government has gone through many changes over the years. It began as an elective monarchy. Then, over time, the government changed into a representative monarchy. Sweden is a very old country in North-Europe the first people lived there after the last Ice Age 11,000 around b.c. However, the people did not had houses and traveled around to other Scandinavian countries. Therefore, there were no government. Around the Vendel Period (550-790) the people settled down and the Viking period started. The cities became wealthy because of their trading and war politics. At the beginning of the 11th century, the Kingdom was a loose association of independent landscapes and small countries. Through
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She had the idea of merging Sweden, Denmark, and Norway together. It was called the Union of Calmar and existed from 1397-1523. At this, time each country had a king but there was also a king for the whole union. Sweden only accepted several union kings. (Kalmar Union | Scandinavian History) After the death of a Swedish king the Danish king, saw his possibility to get power over Sweden. In the Dano-Swedish War (1470–71) Sweden asserted themselves and through the win in the battle of Brunkberg 1471, the Swedish people developed a very strong sense of national identify. This later led into the independence of Sweden from Denmark in 1521 and also a huge government change. The new king Gustay Wasas, decided to separate the church more from the government, Therefore they were no longer represented in the council, Also the church had to give all their property to the king. He also changed the government from an elective monarchy to a Hereditary monarchy which means that from then on there was a line of succession. Its advantage was that there were no longer wars about who would be the next king because when the king died the next person in this dynasty was going to be the king. (Ein Mann, Ein Lauf – Gustav …show more content…
Sweden has a parliamentary democracy. A parliamentary democracy is a system of government in which citizens elect representatives to a legislative parliament to make the necessary laws and decisions for the country. This parliament directly represents the people. In Sweden, general elections are held every four years. Around 7 million people are entitled to vote and thereby influence which political party will represent them in the Riksdag (the Swedish Parliament) county councils and municipalities. People can also influence Swedish politics in other ways like taking part in referendums, joining a political party or commenting on reports presented by the Government. The 349-member Riksdag is Sweden’s primary representative forum. The entire Riksdag is chosen by direct elections based on suffrage for all Swedish citizens aged 18 or over who live in Sweden. Since 1971, Sweden has had a unicameral (one-chamber) Riksdag. General elections to the Riksdag are held on the third Sunday of September every four years. Since September 2014 The eight parties currently represented in the Riksdag are (in order of percentage, from largest to smallest) the Social Democratic Party, the Moderate Party, the Sweden Democrats the Green Party , the Centre Party, the Left Party, the Liberal Party, and the Christian Democrats. (Parliamentary
In addition, it helped people to feel more active in the decisions of every day lives, such as new laws, regulations and taxes. Because a certain number of people got to vote, it was seen as a mandate to allow these people to represent them. Whereas, a singular ruler often was unpopular if he has been grandfathered in, or given the job because his predecessors were family.
Political structure at that time led to Bismarck's success in war. With the untimely death of the Danish King, Christian VII, both Schleswig and Holstein refused to recognize the dynastic succession of the Danish King Frederick VII and appealed to the Frankfurt Assembly for recognition of Schleswig-Holstein as an independent German state, free from the Danish crown (doc2). With the declaration of an all-German war on the Kingdom of Denmark by the Frankfurt Assembly, Prussia immediately prepared a small military force to fight for the independence of Schleswig and Holstein (docs3,4). Prussia's aid proved victorious with the Danish defenses easily besieged (doc5). The English heard about the success of Prussia and of their preparations for an invasion of Jutland.
The situation in Denmark is important because there is a new king and a shift in power, so the new King has to make the citizens support
The newly appointed king of Denmark, King Christian IX, provoked this crisis by attempting to annex the German-speaking duchies Schleswig and Holstein, which provided Bismarck with an opportunity to obtain them for Prussia. Once again, at this time Bismarck’s initial goals were to obtain these regions to expand the Prussian territory, more so then obtaining them to unify the German-speaking regions [Urbach]. Bismarck would denounce King Christian IX decision to completely annex the regions and gave him an ultimatum to return the duchies to their former status, which Denmark ultimately refused. With the refusal, Prussia with the help of Austria invaded Denmark, which sparked the beginning of the violent Second Schleswig War. The war ended quite violently as well, with the king of Denmark being forced to renounce all his rights in the duchies, which led to negotiations between Austria and Prussia.
So Bismarck, taking advantage of a succession crisis and unrest in the duchies, decided to declare war on Denmark, along with the other German states. Denmark soon proved no match for the armies of the combined German states, and was forced to sue for peace. The resulting peace, signed in 1865, gave the administration of Schleswig to Prussia and the administration of Holstein to Austria, who was Prussia 's mightiest ally during the war ("German-Danish War" 1-4). However, Bismarck wasted no time in dragging Prussia into another
This would have been very bad news for a catholic in terms of changes to religion once again. The new “King ostentatiously refused to attend mass in public each Sunday; and public religious processions in Paris were banned”. This would have created a state of hatred towards the government for a deeply conservative catholic. They would have wanted to maintain a monarchy, but watching one make changes such as making the government secular would have created great displeasure. Later, in 1848, things would again dramatically change.
It promised certain administrative reforms, the abolition of tax farming, the standardization of military conscription, and the elimination of corruption. 2 These decrees created equality among all religions, decentralized the government, and helped to make the millets more autonomous.... ... middle of paper ... ...
The Great Northern War took place between Russia along with her co-belligerents (Denmark-Norway and Saxony) and Sweden. Denmark-Norway opened the first front of the war on March 1700, directing her first attack against Swedish ally, Holstein-Gottorp
The Danes seem to have disputes with everyone, some ending with them basking in glory and others ending, well, with not so much glory involved. In the Hall of Frisia the King, Finn, was attacked by the Danes. In this battle the Danes leader was killed, as well as Finn’s only heir. The Danes, leaderless, were then lead by Hengest who forced a treaty with the and Finn, so they were taken under the care of Finn. “Finn, son of Focwald, should honor the Danes, bestow with an even hand to Hengest and Hengest’s men the wrought-gold rings (1089-1092)”. The Danes were maddened by this and began to be resentful towards the Frisians and at the coming of Spring they renewed the fight and killed Finn, and robbed him thoroughly. “Thus blood was spilled, the gallant Finn slain in his home…..Finn was cut down, the queen bought away and everything the Shieldings could find (1146-47; 1152-1154). Finn tried to make peace, but the desire to avenge their leaders murderer was greater, They also looted his stronghold and took back his wife. Considering his wife was a Dane, they must have also had a desire to avenge something else when the Dani...
The Swedish Criminal Justice System is one by comparison to other countries, a well oiled machine. Before recognizing the aspects of the criminal justice system of Sweden, there is some history that has to be brought into the light. Sweden and Finland are very similar in comparison, whether that is the close geographical position of both countries or the similarities of cultures or maybe due to the fact that they are both apart of the Nordic Welfare State. Sweden and Finland both have the world’s oldest homicide statistics, which started in the mid-1700’s. Sweden, like many other countries has been through multiple political-social changes and developments throughout the last few centuries. They did not participate in either of the World Wars,
In the 1840's the Danes attempted to claim Schleswig and Holstein as being part of Denmark, rather than them remaining as semi-independent Germanic tribes. This resulted in uproar from German nationalists and demands for the two duchies to be fully incorporated into the German Confederation. The confederation consisted of thirty-eight sovereign states and four free cities and included the five large kingdoms of Austria, Prussia, Saxony, Bavaria, and Württemberg. In 1848, this had led to a brief war for control of the two duchies. Christian IX of Denmark formally incorporated Schleswig and Holstein into the Danish state; breaking the terms of the Treaty of London, the result of the previous war.
The power structure of Norway is probably one of the few areas that are quite different from that of most other free countries. Norway is a constitutional monarchy. The king has limited authority, except as head of the military and as a symbol of continuity and stability. Executive power is vested in the prime minister, who presides over the dominant party in the country’s parliament (Storting). The 165 members of parliament are elected every four years. The Storting has an Upper Chamber (Lagting) and a Lower Chamber (Odelsting). The Labor, Center, and Conservative parties are the largest in parliament, but no party has a majority. Another similar note is that all citizens may vote at age 18. Norway also has 19 provinces (fylker). Norway enjoys a strong economy, and has one of the highest standards of living in the world.
In the middle of the 19th century when Norway, needed to have a new written language of it’s own, after being under Danish rule. The process of getting this new Norwegian written language, was not straightforward, as not one way of doing was agreed on. There were two rivaling ways of getting the new Norwegian written language. One was to adopt a newly created language based upon the older dialects, that reassembled old norse the most. This approach was founded by Ivar Aasen. The other approach was to use the dano-norwegian that a lot of people already used, and standardize it a gradually changing the danish words into Norwegian. This idea was founded by Knud knudsen, and is what lead to bokmål. These two different approaches battled in what later was known as the language conflict of Norway.
The official marking of this unification happened in the Swedish city of Kalmar. The coronation of Eric of Pomerania took place and he was made to rule over all three countries in 1397. The realm has a size of 3,000,000 sq. kilometers in 1397.’ Legally, the countries remain separate sovereign states.
First, there were the ordinary believers, the citizens of the kingdom who followed the Christian faith. Then there was the clergy, the members who devoted their lives to the church. Each group of the clergy was assigned specific functions by the clergy nobles to help run the Church competently. Amongst all the clergy associates, the Pope was at the top, he had the equivalent if not more power than the ruling monarch and was in charge of all political affairs and administered the clergy. He was able to dictate political laws and even comment on the monarch’s decisions.