How Did Ancient Greece And Rome Influence Modern Civilization

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The cultures of Ancient Mesopotamia, Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome were fundamental in building a foundation of civilization that would carry on for thousands of years. During the height of these civilizations, they each made important discoveries and developments that were as revolutionary at the time as they remain today, and without them, the culture of the Modern Western world would be as primitive and disjointed as early civilizations. The examples provided include the development of political thought and structure, the authority of law as well as the progression of medical and scientific discovery.

The influence of Ancient Greece and Rome on Western Culture is clearly evident in the dominant political form of democracy. Fifth century …show more content…

Further evidence of the influence of the Ancient Western World on modern civilization comes from Rome, as ‘without Rome, European culture and US political and legal institutions would not exist’ (Cole & Symes, 2014). This claim is based on Rome’s political and diplomatic dominance between 753BCE and 1453AD. While Roman power ebbed and flowed over a number of centuries and for a variety of reasons, it is still considered one of the greatest civilizations in history (Softschools.com, 2015). Its political power comes from an early patriarchal monarchy for 7 generations which then grew into res publica (‘the public thing’) which was headed by 2 elected officials or consuls. Consuls came from aristocratic families and exerted the same power as a king, but only for a term of one year. In the case of a conflict of interest between the consuls, a senate would arbitrate; and in cases of great emergency a …show more content…

Empirical thought was prevalent during both Greek and Roman dominance, where scientists were more commonly referred to as ‘natural philosophers’ as they were practitioners of skilled professions such as medicine, or followers of religious theory such as temple healers. A pre-Socratic philosopher named Thales (640-546BCE) has been dubbed the ‘father of science’ due to being the first to postulate that there was a natural answer to otherwise supernatural phenomena such as land floating on water and that earthquakes were caused by the agitation of that water by underwater movement or currents rather than the religious view that earthquakes were caused by the god, Poseidon (Arieti, 2005). Further advances of scientific thought and procedure were made over those years by Anaximander (610-546BCE), Pythagoras (570-500BCE), Xenophanes (570-478BCE) and Heraclitus (535-475BCE). While each man had a different interest in science, and the areas they studied include mathematics, astronomy, geometry, theology and metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, politics and cosmology; they all had an important impact on modern science. The advance of Aristotelian science was halted by the Byzantine Emperor Alexius I Comnenus who ruled from 1081 until his death in 1118 due to

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