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Herpes zoster a case study
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Rosaline Fernandes Disease Report
Infectious diseases are disorders caused by organisms — such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. Numerous life forms live in and on our bodies. They're ordinarily safe or even supportive, yet under specific conditions, a few life forms may bring about disease. Some irresistible illnesses can be gone from individual to individual. Some are transmitted by chomps from creepy crawlies or creatures. Also, others are obtained by ingesting polluted sustenance or water or being presented to life forms in nature (According to Mayo clinic)
Bacteria
A one-cell creatures are in charge of or sickness brought about by microscopic organisms, a sort of microorganism. Escherichia coli and Salmonella cause
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It is caused by the varicella zoster virus. Shingles usually appears in a band, a strip, or a small area on one side of the face or body. It is also called herpes zoster (According to WebMD)
Symptoms tiredness, aching muscles, headaches, nausea, a general sentiment of being unwell, a fever of 100.4°F.
Diagnosis (According to AAFP) The diagnosis of herpes zoster is normally clinical, in light of acknowledgment of the particular presentation and rash. Instances of herpes zoster without a rash (zoster sine herpete) are hard to diagnose and require lab affirmation of varicella-zoster infection reactivation
Reservoir of varicella zoster virus
Humans are the reservoir.
Mode of transmission of varicella zoster virus(shingles)
Shingles transmission is mainly person-to-person by airborne respiratory droplets, but also occurs by direct contact with vesicle fluid of shingles cases or contact with the vesicle fluid of patients with herpes zoster.
Treatment-Antiviral medications, pain medications.
Prevention and control-vaccination is available to prevent the diseases.
Public health Programs-Immunise Australia Program.
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Children less than 5 years of age will probably get the infection than whatever other gathering. As per the World Health Organization (WHO), one in 200 polio diseases will bring about changeless loss of motion. In any case, the infection has been to a great extent annihilated on account of the advancement of a polio antibody. The latest WHO survey, in 2010, reported just 1,352 instances of polio around the world. (WHO)Thanks to the polio antibody, the U.S. has not had a reported instance of polio since 1979. In any case, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Nigeria still have frequent polio
At first polio was a troubling prospect when it first reared its ugly head in the United States of America. In a noble effort to be rid of polio, America as a whole was to adopt stringent sanitation measures. Everywhere, especially the home was to be spotless and clean in order to try and prevent the contraction of polio. This coupled with the view that America as a western nation seemed impervious to such a lowly disease tried to assuage American fear of the disease. Despite the measures commonly adopted throughout the myriad of cities and towns, polio still managed to spread around the country and wreak havoc taking thousands of lives. An outbreak that ravaged America claimed nearly 27,000 lives in a terrible reckoning before it finally subsided. This and several other troubling outbreaks
Moreover polio is a deadly disease that is caused by a highly contagious virus entering the nervous system in the brain or spinal cord causing temporary or permanent paralysis. There are three
Shingles, herpes zoster, is a very contagious and painful rash, or blister that appears on the skin. These rashes most commonly appear on the sides of the body in stripes. The stripes are made up of many very painful blisters caused by a certain type of virus. The varicella zoster, most commonly known as the chicken pox virus attacks the nerve roots in that area. The herpes zoster virus is in the herpes family, including HSV, herpes simple virus, which causes cold sores, fever blisters, and genital herpes. (WebMD, 2011) Most people are required to get the chicken pox shot when they are children although some do not. The chicken pox shot helps to keep out the virus by keeping it dormant in the nerves. The varicella zoster virus stays in a few cells; this is how shingles appear suddenly. It appears when the dormant cells become active in the later years of life.
The Shingles is an extremely painful condition. Patients who suffer from the Shingles face immense physical pain. For patient L, a 21-year-old female from Davis, California, it was no different. She characterized her experience with the Shingles as starting off with sharp pain traveling up her back through her spinal cord, causing massive headaches. While she was in a lot of physical pain, patient L, being the lackadaisical 21-year-old she is, choose to ignore her discomfort. However, as the pain grew exponentially worse, she began to develop a brick-red rash as well as “puss-filled bulbs” on her back. These bulbs were extremely painful, especially when they were opened. The pain grew worse and the bulbs continued to protrude on her back. She
and ears, and in the mouth and pharynx. The causative virus has been shown to be
Herpes. Herpes, a word that all of us know, something that gets made fun of by the raunchiest of comedians, a suggestion of a loose life style, a complex virus that was only recently seen as something to be feared since the early 1970’s for a target of money for pharmaceutical companies. Yet as common to be referenced by Shakespeare in Romeo and Juliet, and is a virus that is known worldwide, and almost every one has experienced in one-way or another.
HSV-1 is spread through saliva and direct contact, such as kissing, sharing eating utensils, sharing drinks or sharing personal items. Children often contract the virus from kissing their parents and coming in contact with other children. HSV-2 is spread through sexual intercourse. HSV must be transported through bodily fluids (saliva, pus, semen, vaginal fluid) to infect cells.3 The virus is transmitted through the mucosal linings of the body or through an open wound and has an incubation period of 2-12 days.4
Shingles is a rash on the skin that is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which is the same virus that causes chicken pox. The rash is extremely painful and is accompanied with many additional symptoms. The first symptoms are located on one side of the body and include tingling, pain, or burning sensations around these areas. The second symptom of Shingles is a red rash that develops in patches on the skin. Finally the rash then develops into small blisters that end up bursting, drying out, and then flaking off. Other common symptoms include abdominal pain, general ill feeling, headaches, and joint pain (Sampathkumar, P., et al, 2009).
Fifty-nine years after the vaccine was introduced to the world, the number of cases of outbreaks has dropped 99% and only three countries still remain in an epidemic state with the virus, Nigeria, Pakistan and Afghanistan. In 1994, the WHO Region of the Americas was certified polio-free and in in 2013 only406 reported cases were existent in the world, compared to the 350 000+ cases in 1988. (Who, 2014).
Pathogens are a type of microorganism that spreads viral and bacterial diseases. These diseases when present in human blood and body fluids are known as blood borne pathogens, and can spread from one person to another. (Worcester polytechnic institute) The most serious types of blood borne diseases are the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), which can cause liver damage; and HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), which is responsible for causing AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). The blood borne pathogens can be spread when the blood or body fluids (semen, vaginal fluid, breast milk, and amniotic fluid) of an infected individual comes into contact with mucous membranes or an open sore or cut on the skin of another person. Mucus membranes are located in the eyes, nose, mouth, and other areas as well. ("Bloodborne pathogens: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia") Two of the most common ways that pathogens are transmitted is through the exchange of fluids during sexual intercourse or by sharing infected IV needles. (Worcester polytechnic institute)
A disease is transmitted in one way or the other. Lyme disease is transmitted through a vector. The vector of the disease is an infected deer tick. The deer tick has to bite a person to spread the disease. When a deer tick bites a person (sucks blood), the Borrelia burgdoferi bacteria is transmitted into the persons body.
What is Ramsay Hunt Syndrome? Ramsay Hunt syndrome is a type of facial paralysis that can occur in people with an active outbreak of a particular type of herpes simplex virus. This virus, called the herpes zoster virus, also causes chickenpox and shingles.
There are many symptoms of yellow fever and they vary depending on the severity of the disease. Some of the symptoms are basically normal and would not lead the sufferer to believe that something was seriously wrong. The first symptoms, fever, headache, nausea, and backache are common and appear soon after a patient has contracted t...
The Varicella-Zoster virus, is also referred to most commonly as Chickenpox, it’s a very contagious disease. (NCIRD, 2016). “Its genus is the Varicellovirus, and its species is the human Herpes virus.” (NCIRD, 2016, paragraph 1). A sign of this disease is a rash, which will cause discomfort and be very itchy. The rash will fill with fluid and turn into blisters, eventually progressing to scabs. The rash appears on the face, back, and chest, then spreads to the rest of the body. (Anonymous, 2016). The rash first appears as flat, small red spots. Blisters develop in clusters. (Alan, 2013). Further symptoms include fatigue, high fever, headache, stiff neck, extreme illness, very red and warm rashes and a loss of appetite. (NCIRD, 2016).
Chicken pox is not an Entrée that is served at one’s family holiday dinner party. Chicken pox is an extremely contagious disease caused by the Varicella zoster virus. Chicken Pox is not a disease that is known to affect other animals or insects. Unlike other diseases, where human and other animal close interaction causes the exchange of virus and disease this disease did not come from a human-chicken interaction. The name chicken pox has been stuck for generations; there are many theories behind its name. Chicken pox could sneak up on its young victims in the form of an innocent touch, or by inhaling tiny particles from a cough, or sneeze which then enters the respiratory tract. Once the virus attaches itself to it gracious, and unwilling host cells it causes a crimson rash that could be located on different parts of the body. The rash is highly irritating which makes it almost impossible not scratch. In the United States each year about 5,000 to 9,000 people are hospitalized, and around 100 people die from the microbe Varicella zoster that causes chicken pox.