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History of banking
Conclusion of the stock market crash of 1929
Effects of World War II on the economy of the United States
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I plan to use the "The New Era" from the Yawp page provided by Professor Dr. Andrew Baker, along with the “The Problem of National Bank Liquidity in the Crisis and Depression, 1920-1921" and the final document will be “Henry Ford and the Agricultural Depression of 1920-1923.” With theses three documents I will be able to discuss the main concern about the New Era and the 1920’s along with its depression. Also how the Stock Market Crash had initially and eventually led up to the depression that occurred in the 1920s. As well as bringing up the topic that has to do with the Banks in the United States that occurred in the late 1920s. And how they changed numerous of things all around. People became unemployed as well as the Bank had to close …show more content…
There was a lot of racial things going on at the time. As well as immigrants coming into the United States. There were members forming the Ku Klux Klan, making the Americans fight with each other for their beliefs as well as their values they had. In the whole decade of 1920 there was no normalcy and was full of tension as well as the rivalry that the Americans had in Europe. In the second article, “THE PROBLEM OF NATIONAL BANK LIQUIDITY IN THE CRISIS AND DEPRESSION, 1920-I921” is talking about how the bank is able to liquidate and unexpectedly drain the cash resources. The bank has a variety of deposits that are either cash, checks or other banks and the deposit of a proceeding of a loan. With the loan there is an interest rate that is added to the loan. After not paying the loan the bank is allowed to liquidate the account if need be. For example in December 31, 1914 the percentage of an individual demand deposit in national banks was 22.5 or 10.3 percent of the total. But then eight years later on December 21, 1921 the time deposit went up to 43.5 percent and the total liabilities is 19.2. The numbers changed over just eight years. On November, 1920 the loans were expanding and the prices were breaking. Then the loans were being liquidating with the downward of the …show more content…
The correspondents had began to withdraw their funds. They had several locations other than New York City. Table II shows that the state bank and all the trust companies had withdrew funds from New York City by taking out $96,000,000 and $258,500,000 this was from May 4, 1920 to November 15, 1920 in just six months there was millions taken out of the banks. New York being again one of the top cities. The rest fell under negatives of the National banks all put together. New York was the top of State Banks Etc., Individual Demands Deposits, Time and Government Deposits, and lastly Net Amount on Which Reserve in Computed. The banks are able to liquidate any
The 1920’s is a period that defines the United States. Conflict and opposing values were increasingly prevalent in the American society. The country was torn between new political practices, views on the role of women, religion, social and artistic trends, science and more traditional beliefs. These were ideologies that were surfacing during the 1920’s. Much tension between the 'new America' and the 'old America' was caused by a number of wars and outbreaks (Lyndon).
During the early 1920s the Great Depression took place. The Great Depression affected many people's lives. The immigrants caught the worst of it. They had just come from another country and were trying to start their new lives when the depression hit. They had to struggle once more with poverty and desperation in taking care of their families, the main reason they had left their old countries was to escape the same epidemic that was now overtaking ?the land of the free?. Immigrants, such as the Jewish immigrants, had to live in poverty-stricken ghettos without the necessities they needed to live healthy lives. The 1920s was the time of rapid change, it was the time of risque fashion, it was the time of which that if you were rich and had all the latest fashions then you were ?in? but if you did not then you were an outcast.
As a nation coming out of a devastating war, America faced many changes in the 1920s. It was a decade of growth and improvements. It was also a decade of great economic and political confidence. However, with all the changes comes opposition. Social and cultural fears still caused dichotomous rifts in American society.
Following the relatively prosperous era nicknamed the "Roaring Twenties" came the Great Depression. Unemployment skyrocketed and good times were hard to be found. In the movie "It's a Wonderful Life" - we see the transformation from stability to utter chaos.
The shares values had fallen and this left people panicking. Many businesses closed and several of the banks did not last because of the businesses collapsing. Many people lost their jobs because of this factor. Congress passed Roosevelt’s Emergency Banking Act, which helped reorganize the banks and closed the ones that were insolvent. Then three days later he urged Americans to put their savings back in their banks and by the end of the month basically three quarters of them reopened. Many people refer to the Banking Act as the Glass Steagall Act that ended up prohibiting commercial banks from engaging in the investment business and created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The purpose of this was to get rid of the speculations in securities making banking safer than before. The demand for goods were declining, so the value of the money was
Even though the economy was on the move, the 1920s was an important time in regards to anxiety and intolerance. The KKK and gangs were causing a lot of disruption in America. The KKK was upset because of the new times in America. They were not accustomed to the change that was going in America. They were deeply upset and they lashed out in opposition by holding marches and cross burnings. Gangs were also a major problem
After the war, the American people made the change from "old" ways to "new" ways. Many factors, such as new technology, fundamentalism, new looks and church led to tension between the old and the new. The 1920s were a time of conflicting viewpoints between traditional behaviors and new and changing attitudes.
The decade of the 1920's was an era of intolerance. Labor strife, government repression of political radicals, anti-foreign paranoia, intensified by war and legalized in the racial quotas of the 1924 Immigration Act, were only a few examples of this intolerance. For American blacks, it was axiomatic that any measurable shift to the right in social and political opinion, would bring with it increased difficulties for their race. The 20's were no exception.
History is an abundance of movements that demonstrate the changes in societal ideals and beliefs, it also conveys the struggle many people had to maintain conservative ideas. The 1920s was a major time frame when many changes occurred and began, it is the epitome of the struggle between a changing nation and the Conservatives who want it all to stay the same. The power struggle between the Conservatives and the rebellious members of society had been going on for years but it was the passing of the Volstead Act, which had kicked started the Prohibition, that created an explosive change throughout the society. Drinking became fashionable, everyone wanted to do it because it was forbidden. With one law being broken people began to break the societal norms; woman drank and smoked in public, blacks were becoming popular in society, and even the accepted religious facts were called into question. This disregard for the norms caused an uproar throughout society and were the main tensions between old and new ideal; the tension stemmed from the ideals about women, blacks and religion.
The 1920s was an era of great cultural, technological, and economic expansion. It was a prosperous time for the upper and middle classes. This time period named the “New Era” because the United States seemed to be on the cusp of great change and fortune. The 1920s seemed to be a prosperous time for America but looks can be deceiving.
The 1920’s was a decade that changes American life. Frederick Lewis Allen describes the twenties as a “revolution in manners and morals.” The twenties has been named all types of nicknames, such as: “The Roaring Twenties”, “The Era of Wonderful Nonsense”, “The Decade of the Dollar”, “The Period of the Psyche”, “ Dry Decade” and the age of “Alcohol and Al Capone” (Gales Research, 1998). During the twenties, the way Americans lived had changed. The 1920’s was a time in history that has been remembered for its great prosperity but also for its great loss. The Great Depression is what ended the Roaring Twenties.
The 1920's was a time of change in the United States. “The Roaring Twenties” had an outstanding impact on the economy, social standards and everyday life. It was a time for positive results in the industry of consumer goods and American families, because of higher wages, shorter working hours, and manufacturing was up 60% in consumer goods. But it was also a time of adversity and opposition for others, such as immigrants and farmers. Immigrants had lots of competition when they were looking for work and they weren't treated fairly by Americans, depending on where they came from and what they believed. Farmers were paid very little because the price of food kept going down, they also had the Dust Bowl to worry about. African Americans became further infused with mainstream America during the Harlem Renaissance. They were also able to organize and elect officials who would make life better for them. The Roaring Twenties was a very exciting time to live in and we can all learn what the real world is like, and how we can prepare to be ready for it, today and in the future.
There were many factors that caused the Great Depression from the banks creating IOU’s to deflation. This economic crash was due to the capitalist system of the United States Federal Reserve on top of the many band-aids that were implemented. Before the 1920’s, the average worker could not borrow money. By 1929, the buy now and pay later concept was a way of life. This way helped generate the downfall of the economy; average hard-working individuals borrowing money that could not be repaid due to jobless and the mismanagement of money from the banking system.
Banks all around, especially the large ones, sought to support the market before it could crash down. As the stock prices crashed, banks struggled to keep their doors open (“Economic Causes and Impacts”). Unfortunately, some banks were unsuccessful. Customers wanted their money out from their savings account before it was gone and out of reach, leaving banks insolvent (“Stock Market Crash of 1929”).
With the prospect of economic development, the number of state banks grew from 495 to 692 from 1908 to 1910, as well as the total deposits from about $21 million to $49 million (Figure 1 and 2). However, the number of national banks declined from 308 to 225, as many national banks re-chartered to state banks (Figure 1). The banks abused this legislation, and the rapid expansion of the policy led to its first major problem when the Columbia Bank and Trust Company, one of the largest banking institutions, failed in 1909. The remaining assets of the Columbia Bank and Trust Company, and the guaranty deposit fund could not cover the disbursements to depositors, leading to its collapse. Initially, the attractive features of the state deposit insurance system, and the misconception of having safer deposits led to many national banks re-chartering to become state banks to attract clients. After the failure of Columbia Bank and Trust Company, and stricter modification of regulations on state, insured banks, many re-chartered into national banks, leaving the remaining state banks to extend risky credit to attract clients. From 1913 to 1923, the number of state banks decreased as the number of national banks increased (Figure 1). Since state banks had mismanaged riskier portfolios, more state banks than national banks failed when the agricultural depression occurred in the