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Essays on henrietta lacks
Essays on henrietta lacks
Henrietta lacks essay paper
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Sarah Robson
Mrs.Mulroy
A.P Bio
11 Sept 2016 “The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks” Henrietta Lacks was a thirty-year-old black woman who lived on a farm, as a tobacco farmer in southern Virginia. She was born in 1920, as Loretta Pleasant, she lived in a house in Roanoke, Virginia with her parents and her eight older siblings. That all changed when her mother died during childbirth and the father couldn’t take care of them, Henrietta was sent to live with her grandfather Tommy Lacks on his farm with her cousin David Lacks. Henrietta Lacks and Day were close with each other, they even had children. As they got older Day went to work leaving Henrietta and the kids behind to make enough money for a house,
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However, about a week later Henrietta turned out pregnant again with her fifth child, the two cousins told her that the pain was probably the baby, Henrietta on the other hand, thought it was still something different because “it was before the baby” (Skloot 14). After her son was born, Henrietta found some spotting in her underwear even though it was not her time of the month, she went into a bath and put her fingers up into her cervix and found a lump, she told her husband about it and they went to the local doctor. After they examined her the doctor thought it to be syphilis, however, the test came back negative, her doctor told her to go to Johns Hopkins. When she was there with Howard Jones, the doctor never saw anything like this tumor and took a sample of it. She would later come back to the hospital for treatment, during her surgery where they took a sample of her cells without her knowing. In the lab, Mary was doing a sterilization …show more content…
The practice was common back in the 1950’s, Henrietta did not ask any questions because of this practice and also segregation laws were still in effect, so “black people didn’t question white people’s professional judgment”(Skloot 63). When Henrietta was unconscious on the operating table she believed that she was just getting radium to treat cancer, they were also taking tissue of her tumor, and healthy tissue cells from her cervix, this is an ethical issue because “no one had told Henrietta that TeLinde was collecting samples”, they also had not asked “if she wanted to be a donor”(Skloot 33). Another issue of this, is when Henrietta did not receive any credit for what she has done and the family did not even know about this until two decades later after her cells were harvested and cloned, they even released a genome of the strain of the HeLa cells without the family’s
While doctors and scientists were making millions of dollars through HeLa research, Henrietta’s family was living in poverty. Lawrence Lacks, Henrietta’s firstborn child, says, “Hopkins say they gave them cells away, but they made millions! It’s not fair! She’s the most important person in the world and her family living in poverty. If our mother so important to science, why can’t we get health insurance?” (pg.168). Someone who disagrees with this standpoint may argue that scientists had been trying for years to develop the perfect culture medium and had a much more hands on experience with the cells (pg.35), therefore, they should be receiving the earnings from any outcomes the HeLa cells may produce. While the scientists were in fact the brains behind the scientific advances, the family should be acknowledged on behalf of Henrietta Lacks. These successes in science would not have been possible without the origin of the cells: Henrietta Lacks. For some of the family, the primary focus was not even the profit. “Since they gone ahead and taken her cells and they been so important for science, Deborah thought, least they can do is give her credit for it.” (pg. 197). Here, Deborah Lacks, Henrietta’s fourth born child, makes it clear that her primary concern is getting her mother the recognition that she deserves for her
An abstraction can be defined as something that only exists as an idea. People are considered abstractions when they are dehumanized, forgotten about, or segregated and discriminated against. The scientific community and the media treated Henrietta Lacks and her family as abstractions in several ways including; forgetting the person behind HeLa cells, giving sub-par health care compared to Caucasians, and not giving reparations to the Lacks family. On the other hand, Rebecca Skloot offers a different perspective that is shown throughout the book. Rebecca Skloot’s book The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks describes the trials and tribulations the Lacks family has gone through because of HeLa cells and shows how seeing a person as an abstraction is a dangerous thing.
All I can say is amazing information of your glorious and late Henrietta Lacks. This incedible women bettered our society in ways no common human could understand at the time because of how complex this matter was and still very much indeed is. I know there is much contraversy with the matter of how scientists achived immortal cells from your late relative, and I do strongly agree with the fact that it was wrong for these researches to take advantage of this incredible women, but I know it is not for me to say nonethless it must be said that even though it was wrong to take Lacks’ cells when she was dying sometimes one must suffer to bring joy to the entire world.
In order to fully understand the significance of the life of Henrietta Lacks, one must first understand the nature of the historical moment in which she lived, and died. Henrietta Lacks was a poor, African American woman born in 1920; Henrietta lived in Clover, Virginia, on a tobacco farm maintained by many generations of relatives. This historical moment can best be understood when evaluated using a structural analysis; a structural analysis is an examination of multiple components which form an organization; structural analyses often focus on the goals and purpose of the organization in question. Henrietta and her family were greatly affected by structural violence, a type of systematic violence exerted via legislation and discrimination. Often following systematic violence is a separate type of violence, known as symbolic violence; this occurs when structural violence is viewed as normal based on media representation or popular
Dr. TeLinde and Dr. Gey were collecting samples for reasons that could potentially bring large benefit to society, but they did not consider how the individuals who provided the sample would directly benefit. In the case of Henrietta her tissue sample ultimately led to major medical advances, but due to the fact that when the sample was taken the researchers did not give forethought to the benefits and risks that might occur; therefore, Henrietta and her family were exposed to severe loss of privacy and did not receive any form of benefits from the widespread use of her cell line. The Belmont Report (1979) states how relevant risks and benefits must be thoroughly outlined in the documents used in the informed consent process. The research was not well designed in the assessment of risks and benefits component and did not consider this
The Immortal life of Henrietta Lacks is a book about the women behind the scientific revolution of using actual cancer cells to perform cancer research. Henrietta Lacks was an African American woman who was barely educated and worked as a tobacco farmer. At the age of thirty she was diagnosed with cervical cancer. In Lacks’ time being uneducated, African American, and a woman was not a great mix. They were often undermined and taken advantage of. When Lacks started to become very ill she went to the nearest hospital that would accept black patients. There the doctor, George Gey, misdiagnosed her illness and took a tissue sample without her consent. After suffering through her illness and trying to keep up with her five children Henrietta died
To have something stolen from you is devastating and can change your life. But what if what was taken from you will save billions of human lives? In the book The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot, we see a woman named Henrietta had a biopsy of a cancerous tumor, and the cells from the tumor were able to live and grow outside of her body; and even better, the cells go on to find the cure for diseases such as polio. The catch is this: she signed a document giving her hospital permission to perform any medical procedure they find necessary to help her treatment, but she never gave specific permission for the cells in that biopsy to be tested and cultured. Now the big debate is over whether or not it was legal for her doctors
Most people live in capitalist societies where money matters a lot. Essentially, ownership is also of significance since it decides to whom the money goes. In present days, human tissues matter in the scientific field. Rebecca Skloot, author of The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, shows how Henrietta Lacks’s cells have been used well, and at the same time, how they have been a hot potato in science because of the problem of the ownership. This engages readers to try to answer the question, “Should legal ownership have to be given to people?” For that answer, yes. People should be given the rights to ownership over their tissues for patients to decide if they are willing to donate their tissues or not. Reasons will be explained as follows.
In The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, author Rebecca Skloot tells the true story of the woman who the famous HeLa cells originated from, and her children's lives thereafter. Skloot begins the book with a section called "A Few Words About This Book", in which a particular quote mentioned captured my attention. When Skloot began writing Henrietta's story, one of Henrietta's relatives told Skloot, "If you pretty up how people spoke and change the things they said, that's dishonest. It’s taking away their lives, their experiences, and their selves" (Skloot). After reading that quote, an array of questions entered my mind, the most important being, "Do all nonfiction authors take that idea into consideration?" Nonfiction is a very delicate and
Rebecca Skloot’s novel, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, depicts the violation of medical ethics from the patient and researcher perspectives specifically when race, poverty, and lack of medical education are factors. The novel takes place in the southern United States in 1951. Henrietta Lacks is born in a poor rural town, Clover, but eventually moves to urban Turner Station. She was diagnosed and treated for cervical cancer at Johns Hopkins hospital where cells was unknowingly taken from her and used for scientific research. Rebecca Skloot describes this when she writes, “But first—though no one had told Henrietta that TeLinde was collecting sample or asked she wanted to be a donor—Wharton picked up a sharp knife and shaved two dime-sized pieces of tissue from Henrietta's cervix: one from her tumor, and one from the healthy cervical tissue nearby. Then he placed the samples in a glass dish” (33). The simple act of taking cells, which the physicians did not even think twice about, caused decades
The story started when Henrietta felt knots in her body. People around her said that maybe the knots were because she was pregnant. However, Henrietta never felt these knots before she was pregnant. After a week, she felt something was wrong with her body and she turned up pregnant with her fifth child. Her cousins, Sadie and Margaret, told her that the pain probably had something to do with the baby. “However, Henrietta said that it was not, because the knot is there before the baby” (Skloot 36). After her son was born, Henrietta told her husband, David Lack, to bring her to the doctor because she was bleeding in her vagina when it was not her time. They went to a clinic at Johns Hopkins hospital. In this hospital, Howard Jones, a gynecologist, did an examination of Henrietta an...
Henrietta Lacks was born on August 18, 1920 in Roanoke, Virginia. She stayed with her grandfather who also took care of her other cousins, one in particular whose name is David (Day) Lacks. As Henrietta grew up, she lived with both her Grandpa Tommy and Day and worked on his farm. Considering how Henrietta and Day were together from their childhood, it was no surprise that they started having kids and soon enough got married. As the years continued, Henrietta noticed that she kept feeling like there was a lump in her womb/cervix and discovered that there was a lump in her cervix. Soon enough, Henrietta went to Johns Hopkins Medical Center to get this check and learned that she had cervical cancer. But here is where the problem arises, Henrietta gave full consent for her cancer treatment at Hopkins, but she never gave consent for the extraction and use of her cells. During her first treatment TeLinde, the doctor treating Henrietta, removed 2 sample tissues: one from her tumor and one from healthy cervical tissue, and then proceeded to treat Henrietta, all the while no one knowing that Hopkins had obtained tissue samples from Henrietta without her consent. These samples were later handed to ...
In “Part 1: Life” of “The immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks” by Rebecca Skloot, she starts telling us the life of Henrietta, where she grew, that she married Day, and everything she went trough with her cancer. But, more than that, Skloot is trying to show us the ethical, social, and health issues black people had back in those days, and also she wants to let us know how lucky we are to live in this period where we have a lot of opportunities, racism is not a strong movement but still affects the society a little, and of course give thanks to the advances of the medical and science world most of it because of the HeLa cells.
Lacks was an African-American tobacco farmer born in Virginia. Lacks was a young mom with five children early in her life and married her first cousin. In early 1951 Lacks went to Johns Hopkins Hospital for a “knot” she felt inside of her. When Lacks told her cousins about the knot they assumed she was pregnant. They had presumed correctly, but after giving birth to her fifth child Lacks started bleeding abnormally and in large amounts. Henrietta’s local doctor tested for syphilis, which came back negative, and referred her to Johns Hopkins Hospital. Johns Hopkins was the only hospital in the area that would treat black patients. Her doctor there examined a lump in her cervix and cut off a small piece, which he sent to the pathology lab. This lump later would be known as the tumor that killed her. Soon after, Henrietta was told she had a malignant epidermoid carcinoma of the cervix. Lacks was treated with radium tubes sewn in place, after several days they were removed and Lacks was discharged. She had instructions to return for her X-ray treatments. In the duration of her radiation treatment Henrietta had two parts of her cervix removed, the cancerous and healthy cells. This was done without Henrietta’s knowledge, but ended up being what made her famous in the medical field. The cells removed were given to Doctor George Otto Gey and would ultimately become the HeLA immortal cell line, commonly used in
Informed Consent as a doctrine came into practice in the late 1970s, nearly three decades after Henrietta Lacks death. The cells taken from Henrietta Lacks were obtained without her knowledge (Skloot 34). While this was once a common practice, her family was also unaware of the cells for 25 years. Despite this, if the cells were not taken from Henrietta, the polio vaccine would not have been created as soon (Skloot 38). The reason Henrietta was at Hopkins in the first place was because she was black, and there were not many other hospitals around where she could have gotten treated. She also had no money, and Hopkins was a charity hospital. So she was in the public wards. There are studies that have looked at how segregation affected health care delivery (Skloot 39). Henrietta received standard care, however the doctors were not quick to treat her every need. Henrietta was sent home multiple times, eventually she was in so much pain that she refused to leave. One question derived from this is that if Henrietta had been white, would the doctors have taken better care of her? It is possible that they would of found the cancer quicker, or at least treated her for something faster. Sadly, by the time the doctors realized her illness, the cancer had spread too much and she could not be saved. Throughout history, African-American’s and other minority groups have been mistreated and undervalued. If white supremacy had not been an issue Henrietta, and probably hundreds of others could have been