Literature Review
Health care waste can be defined as the total waste stream that is generated from health care establishments, health related research facilities, laboratories and emergency relief donations (2). The waste generation depends on numerous factors such as waste management methods, type of health care establishment, specializations of the establishment, ratio of reusable items in use and proportion of patient treated on a day basis (3).Waste generated from health care activities can be broadly categorized as general waste and hazardous waste. The major portion of waste generated in health care activities (80%) is comprised of general waste that can be treated in the same way as a domestic waste .This; however, remain true only
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Less than 1% is a special waste such as radioactive or cytotoxic waste, pressurized containers or broken thermometers and used batteries (4).The mismanagement of health care waste can pose risks to people and the environment, exposed to their health risks from infectious waste (particularly sharp), chemical and hazardous waste (5).it is therefore, proper management of health care waste can minimized the risk both within and outside health care facilities. generally ,there are four key steps of healthcare waste management:1) segregation into various component including reusable and safe storage in appropriate containers; 2)transportation to waste treatment and disposal sites; 3) treatment method ;4)final disposition (4).In addition, ministry of health and the Presidency of Meteorology and Environment issued a legal circular in 1998 on the health care institutions to streamline of proper handling of hospital waste .On the regional scale, the council of Arabian Gulf countries (GCC), includes Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain and United Arab Emirates, endorsed a Unified code for the management and disposal of health care waste in the GCC. …show more content…
Study population:-
The target population is all health personnel
Data collection
The data will be collect by observation chick list, questionnaire and the total quantity of medical waste. The questionnaire target the health personnel to assess their knowledge, attitude and practice regard the medical waste. Colored plastic bags were distributed to supervisors and waste workers to collect and segregate waste in each unit by using mask and large forceps, the quantity of the wastes determine using electronic balance medal.
Data analysis
The quantities of hospital wastes are present in terms of kg\day for total amount of waste generation. The figure obtain is then divided by the total number of beds to estimate the quantity of medical waste generated per bed per day in hospital. The data gathered from the questionnaire will be analyzing using (SPSS) software.Objectives of the study
The objectives of this study are:
-To assess the current management of medical waste in terms of collection, storage, transportation and final disposal.
-To find out the average generation rate of medical waste produce per bed per day.
-To suggest some measure to improve and solve the identified problems. Problem
In the research paper of Paramedics and Evidence based practice there was a large online survey, which was based on, five question related to Evidence Based Practice (EBP) and pre-hospital. Descriptive statistics are used to answer the question provided in the survey, where large number of paramedic have positive attitude towards evidence-based practices. The survey were consists of different question asked about paramedic with there year of experience there education level and clinical level where different demography of student and paramedic were involved. There were 892-response given to the survey through out one months of study period. Here 90% believed pre hospital care improve patient care and 92% report being likely to change clinical practices as a result of pre hospital evidences. With the research of Evidence Based Practice they find out that paramedic were distinct group of health provider in the society. The research also tells us that paramedics who have positive expectation on EBP were more likely to responds towards the survey which involves tertiary education and shorter length services. Some limitation of these survey includes only certain groups of paramedics were involved also the instrument used were not validity or reliability and single paramedic have respond more than one in the survey.
One of the most common forms of errors found in the medical field is the recycling of soiled equipment. The repeated use of dirty medical equipment is found commonly in the poor regions of the world
Waste management is an especially challenging issue of today’s society especially considering the heavy metals and biomedical waste produced within the profession (Muhameddagic, Muhamedagic and Masic, 2009). Dental practices also create large quantities of waste cotton, latex, plastic, glass as well as various other materials which all have the potential to be contaminated with body fluids (Sudhakar & Chandrashekar,
Administrative Waste in U.S. Healthcare Regardless of technological advancement, life-saving skills and abilities and first-world resources, the outlandish cost of healthcare in the United States far surpasses any other country in the world. From price gouging, to double billing, to overbilling, to inefficient and expensive operations, the United States wastes $750 billion every year through our healthcare system. According to the Institute of Medicine (IOM), $200 billion of that astronomical number is due to nothing more than administrative waste.
Some hazardous substances as well as materials that could be found in a social care organisation may include any cleaning materials, e.g. disinfectant that can easily cause burns or poisoning, clinical and bodily waste, medicines or drugs. injury to the skin as most useful disinfectant is an irritant, all found in the COSHH cupboard for use of the cleaners. The clinical e.g. used injections and bodily waste e.g. period pads must be in the clinical waste bins. It’s also important that the clinical waste bins are cleaned twice a day. All the medicines can be found locked in the medication cupboard, The key must be kept safe and locked away l in a different room
Table 2: Distribution of nurses correct Knowledge about bio medical waste management as reported by studied nurses throughout the
This may seem like a small task, but it required all of the time we had devoted to working with them. In order to better understand the complexity of the work that was carried out, one must look at how Medshare collects the medical supplies that they send to countries in need. Medshare collects medical supplies from hospitals and even large corporations for a variety of reasons. By collecting from medical supplies distributors and hospitals Medshare is also diverting large amounts of medical products from landfills. As we worked at Medshare, we sorted medical supplies from large corporations as well as surplus supplies that could not be used in hospitals and then counted, weighed, and boxed individual components. What truly shocked myself and my other group members was the fact that often manufacturers will find a box that is misprinted or has a cut in the side and contains gloves for example that is unable to be sold to hospitals or consumers and is then therefore thrown away. The gloves inside the faulty packaging are perfectly fine and able to be used, but simply because the box does not follow the company 's standards for packaging it is thrown away to fill up a landfill near by. Medshare strives to environmentally stop the unnecessary disposal of perfectly good supplies into landfills while putting to
The numbers of beds in hospital have been increasing so that more patients can be received and provide them quality care (Armbrister, 2012). Doctors, nurses and other health care workers are continuousally trained to provide an evidenced based care to the patients to minimize health care complications and improve the quality of patient care (Simington, 2011). An organization has been actively involving in innovation and use of new technologies based on research so that quality of patient care can be achieved without any medical errors in rural as well as urban settings. Doctors, nurses and other health care workers are always encouraged to use critical skills to expand the quality of care and improve patient satisfaction (Bannerhealthcare, 2015). In addition, banner health care has been working for the environmental cleanliness by initiating a think green program where community members are encouraged to save the water, minimize pollution and maintain their environmental health. Paper recycling, instrument reprocessing, pharmaceutical waste disposal and other recycling are the part of think green by banner health care which saves lot of money and maintains the environmental cleanliness and it has direct relationship with the health status of
The aforesaid aforesaid aforesaid aforesaid aforesaid aforesaid aforesaid aforesaid aforesaid aforesaid aforesaid aforesaid aforesaid afores There are many challenges facing the UAE health care system, but the government and the health care system reject Surrender and still confront challenges without fatigue or boredom from its side. Standardization Across Country One of the great challenges facing health care development is the lack of standardization of instructions and regulations across the country, as well as the various stages of health care development in each emirate (Deloitte & Touche, 2011). These challenges formed a huge obstacle in the development of the health care system. Dubai Healthcare City (DHCC), Dubai Health Authority (DHA), Authority of Abu Dhabi (HADD), and The Ministry of Health are examples of the various regulatory bodies that regulate and supervise the UAE healthcare provision in both public and private sectors (Deloitte & Touche, 2011). Health Care Professionals Despite the government’s new reforms and incentives, the medical service providers are still facing several regulatory and operational challenges; one of these challenges was a lack of standardization of instructions and regulations across the country as I mentioned in the previous paragraph, but this was not the only challenge in front of the development of the UAE healthcare system.
While our population continues to grow, so does the amount of waste we produce. Due to the fact that there are so many humans, a majority of the waste we produce do not get disposed of properly and it eventually ends up contaminating the la...
...ow that the waste is not properly diminished by the use of traditional treatment processes (Han et al, 2005).
Policy is needed to regulate which course of action should be taken and how it should be implemented. Because of this, many plans and policies revolving around the management of solid waste have been put in place. Sometimes however, a particular policy can have its shortfalls, potentially resulting in its negative aspects outweighing the positive ones. According to the Conference Board of Canada Report, “Canadians dispose of more municipal solid waste per capita than any other country” (2013). Solid waste management in particular, involves many aspects, ranging from packaging waste, food waste, etc. (White & Franke 1999), hence, the following analysis revolves around household and commercial waste – referred to as Municipal Solid Waste (White & Franke. 1999) – in the Greater Vancouver Regional District. Municipal waste is a major health and environmental concern as it contributes to numerous problems like habitat destruction, surface groundwater pollution, and other forms of air, soil, and water contamination. Waste disposal methods like incineration create toxic substances, and landfills emit methane, which contributes to global warming. According to the Zero Waste Objective Report, “The impact of climate change and the increasing awareness of the role of “waste” and “wasting” in the production of greenhouse gas emissions is a constant environmental pressure… (2009). This leads to an increasing limitation of government to prevent and control the volume and toxicity of products in the waste stream and a growing need to shift responsibility to the product manufacturer.
Retrieved: November 13, 2010, from: http://www.psr.org/chapters/oregon/assets/pdfs/hazards-of-medical-waste.pdf. Koerner, B., (2008). The 'Standard' of the 'Standard'. Can we turn garbage into energy? The pros and cons of plasma incineration.
The solid wastes are produce not only by households; it’s contributed by hospitals and corporations. Hospitals throw away bandages, use needles and latex gloves, these items hospitals throw away daily all the time because they can’t be reuse for the safety of its patients. Corporations throw away a lot of waste as well such as papers that they use whether in writing or in projects. All of these leftovers after consumptions are waste that is produced by our daily actions.
Environmental health has been a very important issue to talk about internationally these days. We, human beings are leading the earth toward its edge unconsciously. We are using natural resource more than we give to the Mother Nature. Day by Day, people are aware of what damage they do the environment, but they do not care of fixing this damage. In a very simple step, the road of a better healthy environment will begin; recycling is the best idea that illustrate the previous point. To Andrew Roper, recycling is the conversion of waste products into new materials, such as waste paper that can be converts into new paper goods (n.d). There are many types of recycling, for example, there are glass, paper, metal, plastics, textiles and electronics recycling (Evans , 2011). This research will focus on recycling papers in the United Arab Emirates, the benefits or recycling and its effect on the environment, the difficulties of recycling, the process of recycling paper, and the finals products of recycling.