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Essentials Of Health Information Management
Ethics in patient care
Ethics in health and social care
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Case 1 -- You work in a busy multi-specialty clinic with a high patient volume. The physicians enter the type of code that will yield the greatest reimbursement. You suspect the codes are not accurate.
1). What is the ethical question?
The ethical question is whether it is ethical to upcode medical charts in order to maximize revenue for the multi-specialty clinic.
2a). What are the known facts?
The venue is a multi-specialty clinic with high patient volume.
The physicians enter classification codes that will yield the highest revenue for the clinic.
I suspect that the codes that the physicians are submitting for payment are not accurate. Entering inaccurate codes that will yield the highest revenue for the clinic is called “upcoding”.
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The patient, in order to have confidence in the health care provider demands that medical chart is accurate
Health Information Management (HIM) professional: Will expect that the healthcare providers are honest, accurate in their diagnoses, and the charges are legal, fair, and correspond to services rendered on the given day. All inaccuracies must be corrected as soon as discovered to inspire confidence in the HIM professional, the facility, and all the organization’s employees. All stakeholders depend upon the HIM professional to maintain the accuracy, privacy and security of the patient’s medical charts, and thereby secure the reputation of the facility and welfare of the patients.
Healthcare professionals: Seek the beneficence and nonmaleficence of the patient by giving them truthful and accurate documented services and charging fair legal rates according to standard industry protocols that are reproducible, verifiable, and truthful for the services
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Health IT provides the protection of patients’ privacy, confidentiality, and allocating resources in a fair way across programs, services, and patients. Health IT makes available information from the health record and from many authoritative sources that informs patients and clinicians to a point that they are collaborators in the quest to improve the health of the patient longitudinally. That is, from cradle to grave. Ethical practices in end of life care or palliative care is another area where health IT can provide information to clinicians and patience to address patient issues near the end of life. This would include the options of choosing facilities for independent living, or assisted living and/or nursing care facilities. Health IT can assist patients to reenter the work force and support a valuable aspect of providing a living for those disabled or with diseases that may have reduced or eliminated their ability to secure gainful employment. Health IT is effective in teaching clinicians about how to behave with certain patient populations (Fox, Crigger, Bottrell, & Bauck, n.d., p.
My job is to also ensure that the patient is aware of our HIPAA policies and that we are dedicated to protecting their records from any hackers or someone calling on the phone hoping to get any information. Looking at it from a mom and a patient’s point of view, it makes me feel a little easier about entrusting mine and my child’s information with them. We must as people in the health care field respect our patients and their privacy, and the code of ethics holds us accountable for these things. Being a billing and coding specialist, we have to be sure to code exactly what the doctor did during the visit to the best of my ability. The code of ethics mean I am responsible for educating myself on new changes that may be coming with future coding manuals, because they do change often. Overall the code of ethics ensure that as long as the guidelines are followed we can do our jobs accurately and with the proper
Health Care workers are constantly faced with legal and ethical issues every day during the course of their work. It is important that the health care workers have a clear understanding of these legal and ethical issues that they will face (1). In the case study analysed key legal and ethical issues arise during the initial decision-making of the incident, when the second ambulance crew arrived, throughout the treatment and during the transfer of patient to the hospital. The ethical issues in this case can be described as what the paramedic believes is the right thing to do for the patient and the legal issues control what the law describes that the paramedic should do in this situation (2, 3). It is therefore important that paramedics also
Historically, physicians and nurses documented patients’ health information using paper and pencil. This documentation created numerous errors in patients’ medical records. Patient information became lost or destroyed, medication errors occur daily because of illegible handwriting, and patients had to wait long periods to have access to their medical records. Since then technology has changed the way nurses and health care providers care for their patients. Documentation of patient care has moved to an electronic heath care system in which facilities around the world implement electronic health care systems. Electronic health records (EHR) is defined as a longitudinal electronic record of
Healthcare ethics is defined as a system of moral principles that guide healthcare workers in making choices regarding medical care. At its core lies our attitudes regarding our personal rights and obligations we have to others. When an unprecedented situation comes into play, we rely on medical ethics to help determine an outcome that would be the best case scenario for all involved. In order to appropriately review this case study, we must first identify the key stakeholders, the ethical principles, policy implications at the federal, state, and local levels, financial implications, and a viable resolution for the situation.
One limitation is that because there are 150,000 codes. It would take a significant amount of time to learn the codes and the procedures associated with the codes. Another limitation is that z codes are so particular and require professionals to specify. As a result, if a professional does not note all aspects of a patient visit, an encounter could end up improperly coded and misbilled. If professionals make mistakes when coding and specifying, they will lose out on money. Another issue is retraining professionals. To make sure there is efficiency, professionals should be trained on the new codes and the procedures that follow. However, this would take up a lot of time and
“Current Procedural Terminology codes otherwise known as CPT codes are a classification of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures performed by physicians and other health care providers”. Each procedure is assigned a 5 digit code (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013). “CPT codes are numbers assigned to every procedure and service a medical professional may provide to a patient. These include medical, surgical and diagnostic services” ("5 thoroughly explain," 2014). They are then used by insurers to determine the amount of reimbursement a physician will receive from the insurer. Since everyone uses the same codes to mean the same thing, they ensure uniformity ("5 thoroughly explain," 2014).
...e expanding role of the HIM professional: Where research and HIM roles intersect. Perspective Health Information Management, 7(1). Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2047329/
In order for a healthcare facility to be reimbursed for more severe cases, a severity component needed to be added. Therefore the DRG system was changed to the MS-DRG system . According to Castro (2013), the MS-DRG system uses major complication/comorbidity (MCC) diagnosis codes and complication/comorbidity (CC) diagnosis codes to get a better number of sub classifications (p. 128). The CC list was updated, as it had lacked revision, each code was considered a CC or MCC in which the CC list became two separate lists for the MS-DRG. About 730 codes were removed from the list, but important codes were added such as acute disease, acute exacerbations of chronic conditions, and end-stage chronic disease (p.129). According to Sayles (2013), when assigning MS-DRGs, groupers are used to help coding and reimbursement staff to assist in proper payment for services provided, grupers are known as computer programs that assign patients to case-mix groups (p. 267). There is a four step process used to assign MS-DRGs for inpatients (Evolution of DRGs (2010 update), 2010). 1) Pre-MDC assignment, 2) Major Diagnostic Category Determination, 3) Medical and Surgical Determination, 4) Refinement (p.132). In order to calculate the MS-DRG payment, Medicare requires a four step process. This process includes Medicare Administrative Contractors that use grouper and pricer software to get
Medical coder and biller have as a goal to make sure that the provider that they work for gets their reimbursement for all their services. Unfortunately is common to incur in some human and electronics errors while submitting the claims. These errors would prevent the insurance companies from paying the bills, rejected it and returned it to the biller, so the claim can be corrected and resubmitted. Bellow I will explain some common errors of claim rejection.
The American Health Information Management Association is a body of health information professionals that majorly concerns itself with the improvement of the quality of medical records (Harman 104). These health data records are vital for the purposes of monitoring the progress of patients, performance improvements and for improving outcomes.
The process of eliminating coding errors can be very tedious and stressful for medical office managers. Training and more training with appropriate supervision. Managers in coding departments must be proactive in ensuring that employees are properly trained and consistently monitor coding practices for accuracy. In addition, "comparative data is available for all types of facilities to compare their data DRG, APC, or other payment
We must complete a proper and accurate documentation this way the communication is efficient between provider to provider and members also insurance company regarding patient preventative care, health status and delivery of care.
Coding is best described as a process of using alphabetical and numerical values that are connected to clinical documentation that can identify a patients’ diagnosis and what procedures that were used during an encounter. Coding serves as a communication log to providers so that they can keep up with the payments that are received for each patient. There are several different types of coding in the health care industry. Such as, inpatient coding which is conducted while the patient is still in the hospital and concurrent coding which takes place while the patient is still in the hospital for an extended amount of time (Davis & LaCour, 2014).
Our particular prior authorization group is focused on radiology and nuclear medicine procedures. On a daily basis we either discover test that have been ordered incorrectly or have orders changed by the radiologist due to not meeting guidelines. The physicians that place orders with us range from orthopedic specialist and cardiologist to family and internal medicine doctors. The amount of resources and money that are utilized in discovering and correcting these errors cost over $30,000 monthly. Our facility has been trying to encourage the providers to utilize the ordering guidelines available to them to no avail. We have also tried to encourage them to contact the radiologist prior to ordering to ensure they order the most appropriate examination. A committee was started to investigate other options for this costly problem that is greatly impacting patient healthcare. After doing research, studying facts and figures, discussing options with a group of physician and our radiologist it was determine that we look at ACR Select. ACR Select is a computerized system that assists providers in ordering medically
The use of computers and information systems in healthcare industry is quite a good move in the right direction. Vast amounts of information are stored, data is sorted according to categories and can easily be retrieved, and patients are diagnosed effectively and accurately. Uniform codes and standards are created which makes the system universally acceptable. Most hospitals and healthcare facilities are focused on treating their clients and saving their lives and in the process forget about adhering to Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act which mandates protection of electronic health information since its implementation in 1996.