The Hagia Sophia is a cathedral in modern day Istanbul, Turkey. In Turkey it is known as the Ayasofya. Hagia Sophia stands for the church of divine wisdom and was built in the 6th century under emperor Justinian the first. The building was built like a roman church with a huge 105 foot dome with great marble piers supporting it. The Hagia Sophia is also currently a component of UNESCO and is known as a national treasure in Turkey.
History of the Hagia Sophia The Hagia Sophia built in the 6th century is also known as the church of divine wisdom in Istanbul, Turkey. It is the largest church to be constructed by the roman empire.The church was built three times and is said to be originally built by Constantine the first. The
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But the piers could not hold the dome, eventually the dome collapsed on itself again after 20 years. Then another younger architect named Isidore rebuilt it, this time with more stronger structures. Instead of instlling pilliars to hold it up he put up spherical triangles that fitted into a square compartment with the support of pendentives. This allowed the builders to add more onto the building such as windows. There are 40 windows that allow sunshine into the building. The sunlight gives off a mysterious view of the golden colored church from the inside. The church had two floors which probably indicated the segregation of people based on their class in society. The Hagia Sophia is one of the most greatest buildings during its time. It showed the power and wealth of the Byzantine empire. The Hagia Sophia has gone through many phases, it started as an orthodox church that belonged to the Byzantine empire. Then changed into a mosque after the Turk conquered Constantinople, and currently is a museum with beautiful art work and calligraphy inside it. After the Turks had conquered Constantinople they changed the Hagia Sophia into a mosque. It changed in the year of 1453 when the Byzantine empire fell to the Ottoman Turks. The building changed with monograms of the four caliphs and mosaic writing in the
2, Istanbul Turkey, Hagia Sophia. Getty Images. 2015. the architecture of the time, that being said he is able to explain the H. Sophia with fresh eyes and a colorful
The Hagia Sophia was constructed first and it was meant as the main church of the Byzantine Empire. It is said that they built the Hagia Sophia in only 5 years, while it took nearly a century for the Notre Dame cathedral to be completed. While it did have what some would consider an extremely short construction time, they did have many issues with the dome. It nearly collapsed more than a few times. Once the builders and architects figured a plan to keep it stable, one on looker said, ”it is as if the Dome is suspended from Heaven itself”. The Dome of the rock was constructed for Christians, Jews, and Muslims but was to attract new followers to Malik’s Islamic brotherhood. The project for the construction had many issues, not only with the Dome itself, but also with revolts that would postpone construction for years. Once completed, many followers believed that Jerusalem was the third holiest place in the world due to Muhammed’s journey to Heaven in order to talk to God. The art within the Hagia Sophia was beautiful Mosaics and paintings of the Virgin Mary with Jesus. These were meant to represent how holy the building was. When the Muslims claimed the Hagia Sophia they did not want to destroy it due to beliefs so they renovated the building. They did this by breaking down images of humans and animals due to their belief that no images of figures
Yes, the building was built with religious intent, but the Duomo was built to be enjoyed, not to be worshipped like previous religious art. The inside of the Duomo contained many religious pieces of art, however the religious art was made with correct human anatomy, and beautiful colors to really make the observer enjoy it. This human anatomy and beautification of art was part of what the Renaissance was all about. The Duomo was also built beautiful, standing tall with a large dome a the top. The peak at the top the dome was built to look amazing while sitting above the city, but was not made to be worshipped. The great Duomo was made to show how perfect and powerful Florence was. Florence was symbolized by the beautiful, made to make people want to come and see this building that so greatly represented the Renaissance. People want to see it for the art and beauty, not to worship.
When Emperor Constantine found the city of Constantinople, it was soon to become the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. But the Christin city needed a great church to represent it’s great value, so the Hagia Sophia was built (Krystek, Lee). The Hagia Sophia was built by the Byzantine Empire in 537 C.E., which was an Empire influenced greatly by the greek and roman styles (Krystek, Lee). It has a square base with a large dome on the top. Round arcs surrounded the large dome, adding mystical beauty to the Hagia Sophia (Krystek, Lee). Also, multiple colors of bricks were used to create patterns on the outside of the Hagia Sophia. On the inside, the walls are made of marble with glass panes which bring beautiful sunlight into the large museum (Krystek, Lee). The Hagia Sophia is very significant because it was rebuilt many times. The first church was built and then burnt down in 404 C.E. (Krystek, Lee). It was then rebuilt and burned down by riots in 502 C.E. (Krystek, Lee). Then the 3rd church was built by Justinian. After long periods of time, Sultan Mehmed conquered Constantinople and changed it to an islamic city, converting the church to a mosque (Krystek, Lee). In 1934, President Ataturk changed the mosque to a museum for the people and tourists, instead of a sacred place of worship (Krystek, Lee).
Some would say Venice. Some might plump for the Taj Mahal. But there are many who have travelled the world, seen the sights and still believe the prettiest building on Earth is Salisbury Cathedral. The Salisbury Cathedral has inspired many people all around the world. It has beautiful statues and paintings in and on the outside of the cathedral. It has survived for hundreds of years through wars, plagues, and under different rulers. Not everyone thinks this building is a piece of art, but to me it is one of the greatest building ever built. The architects and the men building it over came many hardships and triumphed and ended up making a part of history that will last for another seven years and hopefully more.
Pantheon and Hagia Sophia Pantheon and Hagia Sophia are two extremely outstanding architectural pieces of their times. They have been built according to the traditions of those particular times. The materials used to built these buildings and the purpose for which they were used are all very important aspects and have been briefly covered in this report. Pantheon The statesman Agrippa built pantheon in 27 B.C. Then it was completely rebuilt by the emperor Hadrian. The Pantheon is remarkable for its size, its construction, and its design. The dome was the largest built until modern times. The present structure was probably originally built as a temple for all the pagan gods. We do hear of it as being a law-court and a reception area for Emperor Hadrian meeting his quests too. Some say that the rotunda of the building was once a Roman bath. Due to all this mystery, the Pantheon is often referred to as the Sphinx of Rome. The visitor will probably not appreciate the construction as much as the Flavian amphitheatre, but it is still a great masterpiece of engineering and well worth a visit. Most Roman and Greek temples at the time of the Pantheon's construction were large, colonnaded, rectangular enclosures with sanctuaries situated in their centers. The Pantheon was different. It consisted of a large circular drum topped with a hemispherical dome. It is a masterpiece of both engineering and art a lasting memory of Ancient Rome’s might. Roman architecture is architecture of wall and enclosed tactile space. Individual column with entablature is no longer the basic architectural unity. Spatially, it shows a development from closed, simple space units and regular articulation to more complex spatial relations, more fluid interpenetrati...
Justinian brought with his reign the construction of countless architectural successes that bolstered his empire into a Golden Age. The most well-known and prominent of his works is the Hagia Sophia, an awe-inspiring structure that upon completion 537 C.E. remained the world’s largest cathedral for hundreds of years to come. It captivated the people with its beautiful gold covered ceilings and felt as if though it were suspended from heaven, this perfection was seen as only possible through the influence of God. Not only was it a place of worship but an attraction that brought many travelers that came to marvel the sight, thus promoting trade and cultural diffusion. The creation of the Wall of Theodosius, Wall of Constantine, aqueducts, roads and the Hippodrome were all beneficial to the Byzantine Empire in terms of economic, cultural, and resistance related undertakings. Constantinople was the Rome of the Byzant...
Likewise, the chapel's twelve-ribbed dome approached the floor below it in the same respect as the Pantheon; completed after Brunelleschi's death, the chapel dome caps a severe rectangular base in the same way the Pantheon dome covers an ascetic circle. Tractenberg. The chapel's dome, however, is itself capped with a cylindrical cupola "with delicate lantern" added in 1462 (Italy Field Study). Although they differ in base, both domes were framed according to circles. The image above illustrates the resemblance between the Pantheon and Pazzi chapel dome.
Throughout history many individuals have made achievements that have changed the course of history. Emperor Justinian's, Hagia Sophia, is an example of an achievement that has had negative and positive effects on society. In ~650 A.D. Emperor Justinian ordered the making of the Eastern Orthodox Church named Hagia Sophia. Hagia Sophia’s architectural design was based primarily on the Islamic Mosque structure. This created problems in the upcoming future.
The Pantheon (Rome) and the Hagia Sophia (Constantinople) are notably two of the most notable sites in both Rome and Istanbul. Being architectural masterclasses in unique ways, the two are landmarks in terms of changing history and defining the culture of the two locations.
There can be found an inscription on the In the lower order there are five entrances to the atrium, over which are nine windows, three of which possess a balcony. The main window, the “Benediction Loggia”, where the Pope gives his blessing upon his election, and at Christmas and Easter. When Maderno added the nave, which is the main body of the church, he transformed Michelangelo’s Greek cross plan into one followed by early Medieval cathedrals. This plan was heavily criticized for ruining the effect of the dome, which was designed by Michelangelo. Not only is the Façade criticized for ruining the effect of the dome, it is also criticized for being too rushed.
By the time the Ottomans conquered Constantinople in 1453, the Byzantine Empire had collapsed completely. The Hagia Sophia was originally constructed as a Byzantine church but was used as a mosque during the time of the Ottomans. This change occurred when Constantinople fell to invading Ottoman forces. “Interior of Hagia Sophia,” an image found in Constantinople by Talbot Rice, depicts the inside hall of the impressive structure. It shows the building’s huge domes, decorated pillars, many light fixtures, and plates containing Arabic phrases. The domes and structure were especially inspirational to the Ottomans. According to Rachel Milstein, author and Doctor of Philosophy, “Following the conquest, with the church of Hagia Sophia in close sight, the central domes grew larger and higher and covered a more unified internal space” (Milstein). The Hagia Sophia inspired the Ottomans to build bigger and better domes for their mosques. They wanted to improve the architecture of the city and show that they were the most technically and artistically advanced. Byzantine architecture had a major influence on that of the Ottomans, encouraging the latter to improve and expand on existing concepts and designs. Without the Hagia Sophia, the structures of the past would be far less grand. This kind of cultural crossover drives innovation in the way of
Built in or around 6th Century AD the Hagia Sophia which; means “Holy Wisdom”, was originally a cathedral in Constantinople (which is now Istanbul Turkey) during the Byzantine Empire. In the beginning it had served as a cathedral for the Constantine. The original was built of wood. During the riots of 404 AD the Hagia Sophia was mostly destroyed by fire and was rebuilt in 405 AD. The second church was destroyed during a revolt in 532 AD. The construction of the Hagia Sophia was a challenge during this time. The dome roof required a lot of support. In the end it was resting on pendentives: spherical triangles that arise from the huge piers that carry the weight of the cupola. The Byzantine had decorated the inside of
Therefore its threshold represents the dichotomy to the interior is such a shocking transition to the spirit. This supports the conjecture that the most powerful connection to the sacred reality is present in the rites of passage going from the profane to sacred worlds. The sacred view of water represents formlessness. The material used as the flooring of the Hagia Sophia is striated with wave like curves that look similar to ripples in water. Because it symbolizes formlessness the floor of the temple is representative of the chaos of the profane world and the large distance between the floor and dome further emphasizes the distance that separates the world form the glory of God. tmedia of the enormous hemispheric Dome of the
Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture which can be seen all throughout the city. Its buildings and structures reflect the various peoples, cultures and empires that once have previously ruled the city. Istanbul is even much older than the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire surfaced around 324 AD - 1453. For this reason, there are lots of historical museums which stores unique artifacts dating back to the Byzantine era, many churches and historical buildings can be seen throughout the city. It also has many beautiful and historical palaces that can be visited by native countrymen and tou...