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Medieval Christian Europe
The medieval period
Medieval Christian Europe
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As we enter the Medieval time, there was a development of Monasticism where the number of monks and nuns increased tremendously among men and women. It resulted as, both a good thing and a bad thing. Known as one of the Holiest, devoted and most lovable of men, St. Francis of Assisi founded The Franciscans in 1209. His message spread rapidly from Italy to all of Europe and became the most numerous of all the orders. Their also, known as Grey Friars because, of the color of their habit, meaning 124,000 of the Franciscan monks perished while ministering to the dying and the dead during the time of Black Death where the pestilence swept through the Europe in the 14th century. Calling himself, The Humble servant of preaching, St. Dominic
is the founder of The Dominicans, a Spanish order, in 1215 also, known as “Mendicant Friars”. In 1216, pope Honorius III approved the foundation of The Dominican community. The order spread all the countries of Europe. They even preach in universities. Comparable in a way, is clear that they both Analogous in extending the order into all the countries of Europe. The Franciscans and the Dominicans have is they everywhere to strengthen the faith of believers everywhere and oppose the growing “heresy”. They both were known as “Mendicant Friars” since, they depend on alms support meaning, they collect from door to door.
and I am going to evaluate the evidence about the stage of the monasteries at the time of their decision. Henry V111 and Cromwell had sent around people to report that the monks are not following the rules, for example: that the monks are playing dice and spent much money on gambling, monks are not answering the door and the prior of the crossed friar's monastery in London in bed with a woman. When Henry V111 had the evidence that the monks were not following the rules, he felt he could close the monasteries. This evidence may not have been reliable because inspectors were employed by Cromwell who wanted to please Henry V111 and look for negative thing about monks; Cromwell was protestant (probably employed protestant inspectors) so likely to be used against catholic monastery and might be good reason for women to be there (for example: sick) monastery might really be poor. Modern historian can use the benefit of hindsight to help them by looking at all the evidence and have a less biased opinion,
The Middle Ages were characterized by a rigidly hierarchical society, which was justified by the view that, like the branches of a tree, every level of society was preordained and important. While the nobility and the clergy stood at the top of the society hierarchy, Jews and those who pursued dishonorable professions were branded outsiders. The Church acted as guardian of culture, particularly within its monasteries and convents. They preserved the scholarship of antiquity, often through the mediation of Muslim scientists. In the 12th century, the first universities developed from the monasteries and cathedral schools. Opposite to the clergy were the lords and nobility who developed their own culture, which was centered on chivalry.
With the decline of the Western Roman empire Western Europe was a disjointed land that had no true unifying structure till the rise of Christianity. In Roman antiquity people used the State or empire of Rome to define themselves and give them a sense of unity despite having a diverse group of people within the empire. When Western Rome fell this belief based on a Roman cultural identity disappeared and no longer were people able to identify themselves with any particular group as they once have. The Christian religion was able to fill this vacuum by having the people associate themselves to a religion instead of a given state or cultural group. During Medieval Europe Christianity became the unifying force that would define what it meant to be European. Christianity gave political leaders legitimacy by showing that they have been favored by the gods. The clergyman that recorded the histories surrounding the kings of the Medieval Europe also provided a link to the Roman Empire to give the Kings a link to Roman empire of antiquity. Christianity became the center of the cultural life in western Europe and created a new social elite in Europe which would dominate literacy and knowledge within Europe for centuries. Christianity provided Europe with an escape from the disorder of the Medieval ages and give them a spiritual outlet for their fears and desires for a better life, whether in the physical life or in the spiritual world after death.
...usade or immediately after. They often recounted much of the military drama associated with the events of the Crusade and remained relatively silent about the tenets of Catharism. still lives on today in catholic churches. In attempting to present itself in the same light as the popular Parfaits, the papacy created two new preaching orders: the Dominicans and the Franciscans. It is evident that the In this they were consciously emulating Parfaits. The Cathar Tengriist principles were adopted and implemented by the Lutheran and Protestant Churches, and many other existing Christian denominations. Now the Franciscans are typically characterized by their lives of simplicity, penance, poverty, and love for the poor much like the Dominicans, and the Cathars. th is is something t5hat i sreflected throught history there is always more people use excuses to start wars
closer to God. The monasteries were a place to get away from evil and anything
In Dr. Osman’s lecture and in Life and Miracles of St. Benedict, monasteries were portrayed as places for people to escape the harsh times and live together worshipping God. In The Dark Ages, the narrator discusses how many nuns and monks would try to escape because they were forced to go there, some even going as far as scaling the walls of their convent or monastery. These holy places offered many people the escape and religious freedom that they craved, but not everyone loved the strict life that monks and nuns lived. (The Dark Ages, “Marriage of Monks and
In the Medieval times, the Roman Catholic Church played a great role in the development of England and had much more power than the Church of today does. In Medieval England, the Roman Catholic Church dominated everyday life and controlled everyone whether it is knights, peasants or kings. The Church was one of the most influential institutions in all of Medieval England and played a large role in education and religion. The Church's power was so great that they could order and control knights and sends them to battle whenever they wished to. The Church also had the power to influence the decision of Kings and could stop or pass laws which benefited them in the long run, adding to this, the Church had most of the wealth in Europe as the Church demanded a Tithe from all the common life which meant that they had to pay 10 percent of their income to the Church. The Church controlled all the of the beliefs and religion of the Church as they were the only ones who could read or write Latin and as such could decipher the Bible and scriptures which gave them all the power to be the mouth of God. The Legacy of the power and the influence of the Church can still be found, even today in modern times.
Saint Francis of Assisi was an Italian monk who founded the monastic order of the Franciscans. He was from a wealthy family and spent most of his youth carousing the streets of Assisi with other young nobles. After fighting in the war between Assisi and Perugia, he contracted an illness and had his first mystical experience. After he was healed, Francis had another mystical experience while praying in a neglected church: “After a period of prayer and meditation, Francis heard the voice of Jesus coming from a nearby crucifix: ‘Francis go, repair my house, which, as you see, is falling completely to ruin’.” It was this call that inspired Francis to leave Assisi, determined to live more simply with his fellow monks.
Can chivalry be in possession of someone who has little or no morals? In the Medieval era, there lived many knights. Whom of which lived their everyday life based on the quintessence of chivalry; fair play, courtesy, valor, loyalty, honor, largess, and piety. Without these admirable traits, the righteous knights like the ones from Chaucer’s “The Prologue” and “The Knight’s Tale” wouldn’t be able to call themselves knights in the first place. Unlike the other two knights, the knight from Chaucer’s “The Wife of Bath Tale” doesn’t wield an ample amount of chivalry.
Many bishops and abbots (especially in countries where they were also territorial princes) bore themselves as secular rulers rather than as servants of the Church. Many members of cathedral chapters and other beneficed ecclesiastics were chiefly concerned with their income and how to increase it, especially by uniting several prebends (even episcopal sees) in the hands of one person, who thus enjoyed a larger income and greater power. Luxury prevailed widely among the higher clergy, while the lower clergy were often oppressed. The scientific and ascetic training of the clergy left much to be desired, the moral standard of many being very low, and the practice of celibacy not everywhere observed. Not less serious was the condition of many monasteries of men, and even of women (which were often homes for the unmarried daughte...
In the middle ages Friars, Monks and Prioresses had very specific roles in society. A Friar had to follow the mendicant order while living off of charity, preaching, educating, attending to the sick and absolving people from their sin. The Prioress was the head of a group of nuns. She would have had a low social standing as she belongs to the Theocracy. Her roles included growing vegetables and grain, producing wine and honey, providing medical care for the community and being in charge of the Priories. Lastly, the Monk’s role was to remain in his cloister and study religious texts; “And that a monk uncloistered is a mere/ Fish out of water, flapping on the pier…”(177-178). All of these people were supposed to model holiness; they were bound to the community and had no personal possessions. They are supposed to be selfless Christians dedicated to the Church.
Saint Francis of Assisi was a uniquely spiritual man who gave up a life of wealth and position to lead a life of poverty in accordance and service to God. Embracing a life according to the Gospels, Francis went on to establish a Monastic Order, known as the Franciscans. In the midst of the political climate within the religious community of Italy, Francis emerged a champion for the poor and sick, with humility and no regard for himself. Francis exhibited his love for God through his love and admiration for all of God's creation including nature. The principles of Saint Francis are as relevant today as they were in thirteenth century Italy; service and love to all of God’s creation.
The Role and Significance of the Monastic Life in Medieval Christianity What is monasticism? The central and original role of the monastic life can be drawn from the meanings of the words 'monk' and 'hermit'. the word 'monk' comes from the Greek word 'monaches' which means solitary and 'hermit' from 'heremites' a desert dweller. The early monks and nuns were just that: men and women who fled the worldliness of urban life and the ethos of a church that was at the time of Anthony and St. Paul and established institution of the Roman Empire. They fled to the desert to repent and seek God by prayer, fasting and hard manual labour.
People who practice monasticism abandon worldly pursuits to dedicate their lives to God and to spiritual works. These people seclude themselves from the outside world. They do not care for radio, television, digital electronics, smart phones, going out, going to the movies, dancing and all the fun activities we love to do.
Holy Selfies Pilgrimage was practiced in the medieval times. The years 1100-1600 were considered The Golden Age for pilgrimage in Europe (History of the Pilgrimage, 2014) It was designed as a journey to become closer to God by rejecting every day comfort. One could conclude that it was a sacrifice to God. As pilgrimage became popular in Europe, it helped shape the system and even stabilized economic needs for villages.