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Ancient greek human sculpture
Greek sculptures ap art history quizlet
Greek sculptures ap art history quizlet
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Recommended: Ancient greek human sculpture
Pheidias was the dominant artistic figure of the 5th century BC, and unfortunately, none of the artist’s original works survived until modern times, but there is an unusually high number of literary sources for his career. Plutarch, tells us of the events leading to the artist’s death in Athenian prison, while Pausanias, being an eyewitness to his statues themselves, describes the two bronze statues of Athena made by Pheidias. The artist’s contributions include new ways of using sculpting materials, an unprecedented style of representing the gods and the insertion of ideal proportions into sculptures.
To see Pheidias’ contributions to Greek art and culture, we have to be familiar with the characteristics of art in the Classical Period. Greek sculptors, in the Classical Period, began to show human body in a relaxed, natural pose, and not in the rigid, symmetric posture of the Archaic Period. They began giving more importance to the idealization of the body at the cost of the face. Bronze became the primary material for free-standing statues, and because it is much lighter than marble it permitted the creation of new poses such as contrapposto, in which the weight of the body is shifted onto a single foot. Pheidias had a great influence on the speed and character of these improvements in sculpture.
Pheidias worked in marble, bronze, chryselephantine (gold and ivory) and acrolithic, although his best-known works are in chryselephantine. The earliest works of the sculptor were a group of figures in bronze created in Delphi. He created Athena Promachos on the Acropolis and the Lemnian Athena in bronze. His three known chryselephantine statues include the Zeus at Olympia, the Athena at Parthenos and the Aphrodite Ourania at Elis. Pliny...
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... construction of the Parthenon how to use a clay model for faithful reproduction in all its detail. This was why drapery in the pediments of Parthenon is an innovation, being wholly dependent on clay-modelling.
Phidias’ works were also acclaimed for their representation of divine subjects. The artist used gold, ivory, glass, rock crystal to describe the gods to be bright, radiant, and luminous, similar to the way they are represented in Iliad and other ancient texts. He translated Greeks’ interpretation of the gods into visible images.
It is unfortunate that we aren’t able to view the artist’s original works today. Pheidias will always be remembered for setting the standards for the Classical Period and onwards, with his idealized form of human bodies, his ways of making the gods seem both human and divine, and his innovative methods of using sculpting materials.
“The beginning of female art found in this Aphrodite depict her as a slightly overweight, broad-shouldered, wide-hipped figure with rougher textures and harsher lines” (Berz). The Greeks found this so appealing because it looked very similar to themselves in form but because Aphrodite is na...
The author talks about the meaning behind the two pieces, Doryphoros (Spearbearer) and Aphrodite of Knidos. He begins by going into the basic history of what men and women at the time were expected to do during their short lived lives. He paired these two pieces because of the masculinity and femininity that divides and unites the two classical Greek sculptures. Stewart talks about genders and the gender roles that were expected of men and women at the time the artwork was made in ancient Greece. Both pieces are linked to power and vulnerability. The author goes into full detail throughout his research, giving background, reasoning, and explanation between the importance of the pieces, linking them to the important of idealized perfection.
An analysis of Mycerinus and Kha-merer-nebty II and Augustus of Primaporta, reveals that there are many similarities, but also many differences between these two pieces of sculpture. These similarities and differences are found in the subject, style, and function of both works of art.
In ancient Greece, art was a means of capturing and explaining the unexplainable. All throughout Greek vases, either ancient mythology was expressed or reality was shown in an idealistic form. The Bell Krater by a follower of the Niobid Painter, exhibited two pieces of art; one on either side of the vessel. Created during 460-450 B.C. side A depicts the myth of Theseus and his pursuit of Helen, while side B shows a maid bringing news to the Queen. This ceramic Krater used the same red-figure technique on both sides, however the they are seemingly painted by two different artists. The human figures appear in the flesh color of the original clay with the details and background painted using black slips. The contrasting sides not only have different
Aegean art is very simple and plain but very beautiful. Their sculpture has very little detail carved into the art but that maybe because originally their statue was painted in very bright colors. The female figures are plainer and more compact the arms and legs are folded in there no gap in between their arms and legs. While the male figures like the “male harp player from keros, c. 260—2300 B.C.E., Early Cycladic period, marble, 22.5 cm high”, are more detailed but not by much. They are more rounded they aren’t as straight and stiff looking, like the female sculpture, the male statues head is tilted back like is he is singing along to the music he plays with his harp, the leg and arm are open and apart unlike in the female sculpture who is compacted into a rectangle like shape. But they must have looked much different and more alive when they were painted than they do now. But even without the paint they still look beautiful.
Ridgway, Brunilde S. Hellenistic Sculpture II: The Styles of ca. 200-100 B.C. Madison, Wisc.: The University of Wisconsin Press, 2000.
Polykleitos of Argos, was a renowned Ancient Greek sculptor from 5th Century BC. He was considered by many as one of the most important sculptors of his time. During his century, Greece went through many wars (e.g. Persian War) and soon rose to become one of the world’s greatest powers. The Greeks recognised the naked male figure to represent strength, power and all that were important in the perfect Greek man. Many of Polykleitos' works reflect this idea of the male perfection and were therefore usually displayed in public areas to remind the Greek people of male perfection. His work Doryphorus, is shown as highly masculine and is correctly proportioned to further show the male perfection. Polykleitos' works, were however ahead of his time as he was one of the fathers of what is now recognised as the Classical Greek style. His works incorporated contropposto (the sculpture places one leg forward to portray movement) to try and emphasise the athleticism and strength of the male figure. Another of his works (Apollo of Mantua), reflects the beliefs of the Ancient Greek civilisation. Apollo, is in Greek mythology the messenger God, and is therefore sculpted to once again show, what the Greeks believed to be the male perfection. The sculptor is shown as fierce, well-built and...
Onians, John. Art and Thought in the Hellenistic Age: The Greek World View 350-50 B.C. London: Thames and Hudson, Ltd., 1979.
- Priest of Troy being punished by the Gods for warning against accepting horse from the Greeks. Sea serpents attacked him and his sons. Beautiful anatomy.
To recall another relic of ancient Greece, Plato had strong opinions on artwork, even that which was created during his time. Plato believed tha...
... made such a great impression that it has carried through to our present day buildings such as the White House. The Athena Parthenos has been recreated by the Romans and then most recently by recreated by Alan LeQuire which is in Nashville. (See Fig 2.) We can get a glimpse with LeQuire’s recreation of how that statue may have been in ancient Greece standing in the Parthenon with such majestic greatness.
The primary focus of ancient Greek sculptures was that of the human body. Almost all Greek sculptures are of nude subjects. As the first society to focus on nude subjects, Greek sculptors attempted to "depict man in what they believed was the image of the gods and so would come to celebrate the body by striving for verisimilitude or true – likeness (realism and naturalism!)."(Riffert) Not only did the Greeks celebrate the human form in their art but also in everyday life. (Riffert) One of the favorite topics for sculptors was that of the athlete. In Greek culture athletes were described as "hero–athletes". (Riffert) This shows that athletes were revered and looked upon as heroes. The influence of athleticism is evident in many famous sculptures. I will attempt to show how the human form influenced Greek art. It is important to note that many of the Greek sculptures discussed do not exist in their original form but rather in Roman copies of the original bronze sculptures. (Riffert)
Sculpture is one of the most important parts of Greek art since it is almost the only art form that has survived in some quantity. The ancient Greeks were especially known for their sculpture because their sculptures were extremely life like and beautiful. It was important to the ancient Greeks to combine passion and reason in their sculpture. Greek sculptures were mostly of the human form since they looked at their gods as having a human form. All of the sculptures were nudes of males because society looked down upon female nudity until latter on in time when you started to see sculptures such as the Venus di Milo, which was modeled after Aphrodite (Wikpedia the free encyclopedia. Wikpedia.11 Nov 2004. 12 Nov 2004 http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Greek_art ). One of the most amazing sculptures is the colossus sculpture of Zeus in Olympia it was one of the 7 wonders of the ancient world. Ancient writers said that it stood 12.40 meters high, 6.65 meters long and 9.76 meters deep the body of Zeus was made of ivory followed by a robe made of gold topped with a silver olive wreath and his throne was decorated with mythological scenes painted by Panainos and Kolotis the statue itself was created by Phidos. Michael Lahanas. 25 Dec 2002. 11 Nov 2004 (http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/Arts/ZeusStatue.htm). Another great sculpture is the colossus Athena Parthenos. This sculpture just like the colossus statue of Zeus was made of gold and ivory and had various mythological engravings in her shield, helmet and pedestal.
Perhaps one of the most defining and easily identifiable aspects of the ancient Greek culture was the immortalization of humans and gods in sculpture. Sculpture had existed in the world for thousands of years before the ancient Greeks made their stake in the art, but the Greeks added an entirely new set of aspects to their sculptures. Unlike the Egyptian and Mesopotamian sculpture centuries earlier, the Greeks set forth not just to capture the image of a man but to capture that which made him a man. The Greeks set in place three base tenants to display the tone of a sculpture. Through the use of Humanism, Realism, and Idealism the ancient Greeks were able to capture humans and gods forever in marble.
Even the few sculptor’s names known to us, usually by chance, from the imperial period are Greek names and seem to confirm the assumption that these artists’ work should be regarded simply as a late phase of Greek art” (Hanfmann, 12). The Greeks were the first western culture to figure out how to accurately depict the human form which they did through the use of geometric ratios. It is also widely accepted that it was even Greek artists who first made marble portraits for the Romans as the Romans originally had no skill with the stone. “It was certainly at first Greek artists who were entrusted by eminent Romans with the execution of portraits of themselves and of important personalities in the Roman state, just as it was Greeks who depicted Aemilius Paulus victory at Pydna and later were largely responsible for the portraits of the emperors” (Kahler 16). The Romans mainly used terracotta for their sculptures and it was only when Augustus reigned that the marble quarries at Carrara were opened and marble was used on a large scale. The Romans inherited the use of realistic proportions, the sense of movement (contrapposto), and the overall beauty of Greek sculptures. A great example of Roman sculpture that was clearly carved by a Greek artist who was familiar with the Hellenistic styles of Greece, is the Relief of the Wedding of Amphitrite and Neptune. It “shows a mythological