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Introduction to an essay on globalisation
Importance of ict in bank
Introduction to an essay on globalisation
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The banking system worldwide has faced many transformations in last few decades. There is a range of changes from banking regulation, advancement in banking information technology, development of economies, opening and collaboration of global financial institutions and financial markets. Though, all these changes and advancements in the global banking system created opportunities, the challenges are also enhanced and competitiveness exerting pressure on the global banking system. In this report we’ll determine the different aspects of banking globalization and its effects on local as well as global economy.
Introduction:
The activities which are being conducted in the local business arena are highly influenced by the activities conducted in global system. In these days the banking and all other business industries have transformed to less face-to-face interaction with their clients. This transformation became possible only due to highly intense and sophisticated information technology. For instance, you’re at home, you don’t move to any bank to withdraw the money neither go to the shop for pizza, you just order it online by giving Credit Card number and the Pizza would be at your door step.
There are still some limitations with the global banking system. But the World Bank, European Union and European Central Bank are continuously trying to regulate this system effectively in the betterment of world economy.
A major aspect to be discussed here is the contribution of Multinational Organizations in this system, according to sources, 33% of World’s output is being generated by the multinational organizations and there is almost 66% portion of all world trade that multinational organizations cover.
Economic Effect of Globalizatio...
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...y increasing competitiveness. In addition to this, the currency crises, in the same situation, would increase the competitiveness along with the higher efficiency.
Domestic borrowing, for instance, local bank obtain funds from abroad in a commonly established currency i.e. Dollar, to ensure the lender about the value of his investment, so the impact here of financial globalization on the domestic financial fragility is not that easy to determine. The better way is the Foreign Direct Investments that shortens the period of borrowing and reduces the chances of banking crises.
So, in this high-tech information technological competitive global banking market, the banks must understand the market needs to comply with, they must ensure their goals are being achieved, they must know what their competitors are doing and how they are penetrating the market so survive in
Along with the incredible opportunities the Internet has created, this global connectivity also has exposed businesses to an excess of regional issues that can dramatically alter a business' potential for profit or loss and also change the risks and threats to the business.
Hennart, J-F (2001) Theories of the Multinational Enterprise, In Rugman A. M. and T. L. Brewer (eds.) (2001) The Oxford Handbook of International Business, OUP, Oxford
Multinational enterprises date back to the era of merchant-adventurers, when the Dutch East India Company and the Massachusetts Bay Company traversed the world to extract resources and agricultural products from colonies (Gilpin 278-79). While contemporary multinational corporations (MNCs) do not command the armies and territories their colonial counterparts did, they are nevertheless highly influential actors in today’s increasingly globalized world.
In recent decades, the process of globalization has accelerated and the world economy has become increasingly interdependent. The rise in the number of businesses that extensively operate in more than one foreign country, which is known as multinational corporations, plays an important role in the ongoing procedure of globalization. The United Nations has reported that multinational corporations hold one-third of world’s productive assets and control 70 percent of world trade (Schermerhorn et al., 2014). As there is a considerable growth in international businesses, worldwide economy is becoming more highly competitive. The global economy not only offers great opportunities for multinational enterprises but also on the other hand, creates many difficulties for them. Therefore, success in the large-scale economy requires a number of elements. One of the major determinants is dependent on global managers. In the operation of organizations, managers may encounter different international management challenges that restrict their business development. These challenges often include issues associated with the host countries, the global workforce diversity management, management across cultures, difficulties in competitive global business environment as well as in the process of global planning and controlling. This essay is going to discuss the above international management challenges in a broad sense and giving illustration in aspects of each challenge.
Prasad, Eswar S., et al. “Effects of Financial Globalization on Developing Countries: Some Empirical Evidence.” The National Bureau of Economic Research. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003. Web. 10 Dec. 2013. .
Herring and Santomero (1990) state that the spread of universal banks, that provide a wide array of financial products and services may be able to obtain and exercise monopoly power and further create barriers to entry for their competitors. Johnson and Westberg (2009) present American empirical evidence that organisations with asset management and IPO underwriting division use their superior information about their IPO’s to gain annualised market-adjusted returns of higher than their competitors who did not underwrite IPO’s. Thus, large financial conglomerates can use their informational advantage to outdo the specialised and small intermediaries and turn more controlling by creating barriers to entry. This concentration of power can create large complexities in the industry as well as a concern about financial securities being handled by untrained professionals (Grant, 2010). Essen (2001) supported this by stating that towards the end of 1990’s, there were huge corporate failures in Germany which involved universal banks as they were at powerful positions with widespread voting rights and thus could affect the way companies were operated. Thus, these financial conglomerates utilising a universal banking system can have harmful consequences due to power
Nowadays, business is set in a global environment. Companies not only regard their locations or primary market bases, but also consider the rest of the world. In this context, more and more companies start to run multinational business in various parts of the world. In this essay, companies which run multinational business are to be characterized as multinational companies'. By following the globalization campaign, multinational companies' supply chains can be enriched, high costs work force can be transformed and potential markets can be expanded. Consequentially, competitive advantages of companies can be strengthened in a global market. Otherwise, some problems are met in the changed environments in foreign countries at the same time. The changed environments can be divided into four main aspects, namely, cultural environment, legal environment, economic environment and political system problems. All the changed environments make problems to multinational companies. In particular, problems which are caused by changed culture environment are the most serious aspect of running a multinational business. This essay will discuss these problems and give some suggestions to solve them.
Business today is inextricably intertwined with technology, from the smallest home office, to a multinational corporation with multiple monolithic legacy application. It is impossible to be in business today without confronting the issues of technology. The way we do business today is different than 30 years ago. Technology has evolved around the areas of telecommunication, travel, stock market, shipping even around our daily lives. E-commerce a system by which people can buy, sell and deal without even seeing the person on the other side has taken a front seat in improving the economy of countries around the world. Technology today has made it possible for monetary institutions to help locate the customers resources and help solve their problems at any given time through online banking. The Internet, a boon to all business, is playing a part of a catalyst; it links millions of customers to its suppliers and vice versa due to this, manufactures are able to cut the role of middlemen and are able to deal with the customers, giving them the ability for direct input from the customers about their choices and views of their product. The busi...
The progression and evolution of international business has played an integral role in the overall development and progress of the world economy, culture, and politics. The multinational corporation was an essential part of this process and has roots as far back as the 15th and 16th centuries in Western Europe, specifically in the nations of England and Holland, during a period known as mercantilism. This was a time of unprecedented global exploration, colonization, and other imperialist ventures. Organizations such as the British East India Trading Company, promoted both global trade and the acquisition of natural resources, primarily for their home countries in areas including Africa, East Asia, and the Americas. Global trade was the primary factor in the growth of the world economy during this time. However the modern MNC, as it is known today, did not appear until the 19th century. These new entities provided a new level of inter-firm connectedness, a wider division of labor, and a higher level of product integration across countries in which MNCs are growing. Studies have shown that modern MNCs are characterized by a high degree of complexity, and have not followed a linear pattern in their development. In addition, it is crucial to understand the geographical context in which these MNCs were founded. This paper will analyze the development of the multinational corporation (MNC) from the 1870s to the modern day and examine it what ways, and to what degree it has changed over time.
Governance of banks crucial for growth and development since banks mobilize and allocate society’s savings. Especially in developing countries, banks can be very important source of external financing for firms.
The Business Dictionary defines a financial center as a city or district that has a heavy concentration of financial institutions that offer a highly developed commercial and communications infrastructure and where great number of domestic and international trading transactions are conducted. Moreover, a global financial center is a concentration of an extensive variety of international financial businesses and transactions in one location. With there being many financial centers around the world competing to be the prevalent and most predominant of its counter-peers, one must consider the factors that wean out the leaders. A report written by the Centre for the Study of Financial Innovation comprised factors such as regulatory competence, tax regime, skilled labour, government responsiveness, regulatory “touch” and living environment as the six main elements a leading global financial center must keep precedent. Recently, innovative technology and improved communications infrastructure have minimized the need to be close to financial markets and companies are becoming more skilled at managing operations remotely. According to the Global Financial Centres Index, the world’s premier financial centers as of 2013 are London (United Kingdom), New York (United States) and Hong Kong. (Asia). Known as International Financial Centers “IFCs”, the IMF has defined London, New York and Hong Kong as large international full-service centers with advanced settlement and payments systems that support large domestic economies, have deep and liquid markets where both sources and uses of funds are diverse, and where legal and regulatory frameworks are adequate to safeguard the integrity of principal-agent relationships and supervisory functions.
Organizations of different business sectors had gained massive opportunities, along with threats too, generated by the rapid growth and popularity of the internet and technologies, to endorse and deliver their products and services through electronic distribution channels (Chau & Lai, 2003). The significance of the Internet for financial services had been emphasised by researchers more than any other industry (Mukherjee & Nath, 2003; Tan & Teo, 2000). In addition to opportunities of e-channels, banks and financial institutions all over the world are facing new challenges to the ways they operate, deliver their services and compete with one another in the financial sector. Considering those challenges, banks and financial institutions have
Banks sector is playing an important role in economies. The banking industry, as the classic and the most influential of financial intermediaries, facilitates economic operations. Financial sector in the worldwide country has been changes over these years by looking the changes of financial structure environment and economic conditions. Thus, banks are a very important point to financial system and play an important role as control and contribute growth to the economic sector.
There is no doubt that the present time is the Technology era when the use of technological inventions dominates all different aspects of life: computer, cellular phones, world wide web, radio and satellites. That is, technological inventions have improved. Storing information, sending and receiving messages, electronic governments, distance education, health services and business. With the intervention of Information Technology, the means of communication in business which is a very important field in modern societies including banking, shares market, marketing, trading has been intensely changed. This essay will argue that Information Technology has positively changed communication in the business world. Information Technology implications have enhanced the ways businesses communicate in business areas including marketing, stock market, shopping and banking.
Stonehouse, G., Campbell, D., Hamill, J. & Purdie, T. (2004). Global and Transnational Business (2nd ed.). Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.