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Different learning styles
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This essay explores the skills, attitudes, mind-sets and dispositions that would enable a global manager to cope in particular case studies, and analysing these skills and mindsets in the context of these case studies.
The first case study (Case study 3 ,tutorial 4) is situated in the context of the Finnish MNC with its Russian subsidiary. The case study emphasises on the struggles that occur during cross-cultural interactions around the firm’s resources and interests, which were resulted from the issue of distrust due to the long-standing and difficult history between these two countries as they struggled for the wars and domination on each other in 1940.
Underlying the first problem is not just a difference in the budgeting accounting
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A successful global manager is culturally emphatic in a sense that he thinks from the perspective of others, and has a mentality that is open to suggestions, which is likely to result in a greater harmony and acceptance between different cultures (Wills and Barham, 1994, p.51). Moreover, based on the research of Hunter, White and Godbey (2006, p.279), having historical awareness is also a crucial mindset for a global manager to have in order to avoid problems evidenced from this case, because by having historical awareness, it means having an understanding of the concept of world history. Furthermore, according to Wills and Barham (1994, p.51), having a sense of humility is also a crucial disposition as it is important to be humble and be open to assistance from others without feeling proud or embarrassed. For example, global managers with a higher sense of humility are more open to suggestions when it comes to appointing a new leader for a new work division. Additionally, when a sense of humility is integrated with historical awareness and a cultural emphatic mindset, it will formulate a recipe for a globally competent manager that has the awareness of the historical tension but still be able to handle cross-cultural interactions with sensitivity and humbleness (Hunter, White and Godbey, 2006, …show more content…
But the true underlying problem is actually the conflict of cultural practices from both parties, which was caused by the lack of understanding between two cultures. According to Caligiuri and Dragoni (n.d., p.227), a successful global manager has the competency of self-managing in a sense that he has a higher tolerance of ambiguity and believes highly in his ability to accomplish a task. And when integrated with a cultural curiosity competency, it is likely to formulate a global leader who is readily to learn from the ambiguously multicultural business word (Caligiuri and Dragoni, n.d., p.228). Kedia and Mukherji (1999, p.238) also argues that another significant skill that a global manager would have possessed is the skill of acculturating other cultures. Acculturation means the ability to adapt one self in the culture of a foreign country (Kedia and Mukherji, 1999, p.238). For example, a globally competent manager is acculturated enough to prepare himself for a difference of cultural practices that he might encounter as he negotiates a business contract
Hollander (1985) defined leadership as the process of influence between a leader and followers to attain group, organizational, or societal groups. Some leaders are innate, however now a days most of the leaders develop himself/herself by education. Education system takes a great place to develop leadership quality in context of globalization. “Students are now consumers who define quality education from a global perspective” (Drucker, 1995). Current education system has been changed in Asia basically in Thailand to create more efficient and effective leaders. There are lots of multinational and international organizations that are operating their businesses all over the world. Because of globalization cross-cultural workplaces has become a challenge for the organization. The culture of multinational or international organization has shared by the members of the organization. The individual level, the intra-organizational level and the inter-organizational levels are the three levels of contrast for cross-cultural organization. (Rhein, 2013)
This cultural phenomenon is what Mary Louise Pratt has termed the “contact zone” which refers to the “social spaces where cultures meet, clash and grapple with each other, often in contexts of highly asymmetrical relations of power such as colonialism, slavery or other aftermaths as they are lived out in many parts of the world.” (Pratt 34) I believe what Pratt is referring to is the situation that is created when two completely distinct cultures, which operate on totally different levels, attempt to interact. Each culture brings with them their own values and traditions that the other culture may not entirely understand. This can often lead to confusion, misunderstandings, or sometimes worse.
Moorhouse, A. (2005, November). International Management Organizational Behavior. Retrieved October 16, 2008, from University of California Berkley: http://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~matran/Files/proKarenLeary.doc
According to research, Theory Y managers believe that “It is the responsibility of management to make it possible for people to recognize and develop these human characteristics for themselves” (O’Leary, 2010, p. 114). While different styles work for different employees, the global management team will need to be involved and be able to feel that their decision matters. Nevertheless, the global team will need to feel valued by demonstration of communication, trust, openness and being able to share
The selected article Building Cross-Cultural Leadership Competence is an interview of multiculturalism and diversification attributes holder leader, known as Carlos Ghosn. In the article, the Arthur, Gunter & Mary, (2013, p.495) refers to the leadership attributes and qualities which were discussed through the reflected personality of Mr. Ghosn, and his perceptions and practice experiences that define the significance of being a leader or becoming a leader, specifically in multi-culturist and diversified globalization of business industries. The most significant termed or discussed as the consideration of leadership skill is the use of a Japanese term, known as mono Zu Kuri, a concept that referred to the environment and perception of making
Because actions and styles differ across many different organizations and cultures, There is a need for knowledge and leadership to move worldwide. Tubbs and Schultz (2006) assume that the idea for global leadership must allow its leader to address those issues and needs whenever culture presents itself. Behavior bases global leadership a mixture of cultural varied leadership skills because communications and technology has changed the need for global
Globalization has many implications for leadership today and in the future. Global perspectives are being spread to the farthest points in the world and to the most isolated people. People of different cultures come to the United States daily to live, travel, or engage in business. Leaders must respond to this challenge of globalization so they can effectively reach out to as many people as possible. Opening themselves to the world's changes allows leaders to compare and contrast their culture with the arts, language, beliefs, customs, philosophies, and ways of living of other people. By observing and questioning another culture, leaders can understand the origin of an individual's viewpoints and become more sensitive to the cultural needs of that individual. By continually exposing themselves to other cultures, young leaders can thoroughly develop this global perspective and devote themselves to making connections with the entire world.
Globalisation allows individuals, groups, corporations, and countries to reach around the world farther, faster, more deeply, and more cheaply than ever before. Most large local companies regard globalisation as opportunity, thereby exploring overseas markets for maximum market share and optimum business strategies. However, managers would face a series of challenges caused by leadership models, cultural backgrounds, political and economic risks, HR management, etc. To study multinational management skills is very useful for my future career. In this essay, I will set goals for this subject, identify the skills I have honed and need to improve, and explain my strategies for achieving goals.
Ahlstrom, D., & Bruton, G. D. (2010). International Management: Strategy and Culture in the Emerging
In the past few decades, the world has experienced heightened globalisation. During this period, organisations have prioritised setting up leaders capable of dealing with the ever-increasing involvedness of running their global operations. Overseeing global talent along with career paths is consequently a decisive challenge in lots of multinational organisations. Individuals as well as organisations perceive International assignments as a constructive way of developing global occupational competencies (Brewster & Suutari, 2005).
Miroshnik, V. (2002). Culture and international management: a review' The Journal of Management Development 21(7): 521-544
- Ball, D. A., P. L. Frantz, J. M. Geringer, W. H. McCulloch, Jr., M.
Therefore, as global leaders, we need to pay attention and be sensitive to these differences. An additional lesson I learned is that the appreciation of diverse cultures is not only important for leaders but also important for every member of a team. For example, if I am working in an organization in the U.S. I should expect that the way my boss conceptualize issues such as standards of performance might be different from how my boss from Ghana might conceptualize
With the proliferation of the internet international Business transactions are more common today than ever. Globalization is now a key factor when creating a business strategy for most companies whether they are small family own businesses or huge corporations. Globalization however does not just involve selling a product in other countries. There are legal and cultural concerns that must be addressed. The legal aspects are fairly simple because in most places the laws are spelled out. It's the local customs, and regional way of doing things that can be tricky. Research on globalization has shown that it is not an omnipotent, unidirectional force leveling everything in its path. Because a global culture does not exist, any search for it would be futile. It is more fruitful to instead focus on particular aspects of life that are indeed affected by the globalizing process. (1). In this new economy, as it has been in the past, it will be the people not the machines who will determine a company's success. Having an effective Human Resource Management team that effectively analyze your company's current and future personnel needs is key in any business organization.
To be successful in today’s global market, managers and leaders need to understand more than just technical skills. Managers and leaders should also understand globalization and organizational behavior. Globalization is the tendency of businesses, technologies, or philosophies to spread throughout the world, or the process of making this happen. The global economy is sometimes referred to as a globality, characterized as a totally interconnected marketplace, unhampered by time zones or national boundaries (Search CIO). Organizational behavior is a field of study that studies individuals groups, and structure. Organizational behavior applies the knowledge gained about individuals, groups, and the effect of structure on behavior in order to make organizations work more effectively (Robbins,2014).Gaining an understanding of globalization and its effect on organizational behavior is crucial to interacting effectively in the modern global economy. Globalization affects an organization’s behavior in several ways like stimulating hyper competitive pricing for a product or service, perpetuating continuous operations and communicating around the clock and globe, capitalism is replacing governmental control and organizations are no longer constrained by borders, and corporations are becoming more heterogeneous and adapting to people who are from different nationalities and cultures. To be successful in a global economy, professionals should have a thorough knowledge of sociology, psychology, communication, and management.