CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 3
2. RAW MATERIALS ................................................................................................................................. 3
3. MANUFACTURING PROCESS ................................................................................................................. 4
4. GLASS FAILURE ..................................................................................................................................... 6
5. IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................................ 7
6. RECYCLING ............................................................................................................................................ 8
7. CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................................................ 8
8. REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................................... 8
1. Introduction
Glass bottles and jars are used by beverage, cosmetic or pharmaceutical industries as packaging material. Their sustainability and ability to keep product quality intact are some of the reasons why they are preferred over plastic bottles and makes them an important packaging material. They are available in various shape, color and sizes according to requirement. The present demand is estimated at 21 million bottles and 8.75 million jars per annum. This is expected to reach at 43.8 million bottles a...
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...duction. As the output from this industry is sold to other industries, this industry is very dependent on the food, beverage and pharmaceutical industry. The major challenges for the industry is to become more energy efficient to reduce energy consumptions and emissions to air. Recycling is effective way to improve environmental performance and reduce production cost. Modern manufacturing methods and recent technological advancements have led to the improvement in environmental performance of the industry.
8. REFERENCES
[1] Profile on production of glass bottles and tumblers, Southinvest
[2] Reference document on best available techniques in glass manufacturing industry December 2001, IPPC.
[3] The future of glass forming technology for the manufacturing of lightweight containers, WRAP.
[4] Recycling_by_material, Wikipedia
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What makes one culture “civilized” and another “savage?” Is there a standard for a culture to be truly civilized? Marlow once said, “In some inland post feel the savagery, the utter savagery, had closed round him--all that mysterious life of the wilderness that stirs in the forest, in the jungles, in the hearts of wild men.” There are many cultures and between those cultures there are certain distinctions that make them “civilized” or “savage.” It’s is only according to one’s perspective that one can decide whether a society can be deemed “civilized” or “savage.
Have you ever wondered why the plastic bag that you left on the porch during winter cracks or breaks more easily than when you left it during summer time but a piece of wood which was left just like the plastic bag has no effect whatsoever? This is because of a phenomenon, which only happens to polymers, known as the glass transition. For each polymer, there is a certain temperature at which the amorphous polymers undergo a second order phase transition from a rubbery and viscous amorphous solid to a brittle and glassy amorphous solid called the glass transition temperature, Tg.1 When the polymer, or in this case, the plastic bag, is cooled below their glass transition temperature, it becomes hard and brittle like a glass but when it is used above their glass transition temperatures, it might have a different effect than when used at room temperature or below the glass transition temperature as normally, different types of polymers like clothes, food packaging, insulations for wires, etc. are either used above their glass transition temperatures or
This objective required us to calculate the densities of both sodas and determine which of the three pieces of glassware used, beaker, graduate cylinder, or buret, was most accurate and which was most precise. The pooled class data revealed that the buret was the most accurate for both Coke and Diet Coke. The actual density of Coke is 1.038 g/mL and the buret had a density of 1.041 g/mL, which is 0.003 g/mL greater than the actual density. This density was the closest to Coke. The density of Coke with a beaker was 0.92 g/mL, which is 0.118 g/mL less than the actual density and the density with the graduated cylinder was 0.998 g/mL, which is 0.04 g/mL less than the actual density. The actual density of Diet Coke was 0.997 g/mL and the buret was closest with a density of 1.006 g/mL, which is 0.008 g/mL greater than the actual density. The beaker gave a density of 0.87, which is 0.128 g/mL less than the actual density, and the graduated cylinder gave a density of 0.945 g/mL, which is 0.053 g/mL less than the actual density.
In conclusion to this investigation one thing is clear and that is that recycling reeks benefits to the environment, Recycling material when compared to making material from raw material is a more efficient energy saving and more environmentally friendly way to reuse material that is usually consider as trash such as empty glass, and plastic bottles, or old newspapers. Recycling helps reduce the possible carbon emissions greatly and does reduce the human carbon footprint. But Recycling doesn’t resolve the pollution that is around the world today. Leading to new questions, questions like what about the landfills are they sustainable, and if so for how long. How long until the air becomes unbreathable? How long until Earth becomes its own furnace?
The bottled water industry has a high potential in growth rate and in the terms of sales volume or per capita consumption rate. For example, the United States’ capita consumption of bottled water lagged those of soft drinks by more than a 2:1 margin. In term of bottle water, the majority of sales volume has burden on single- serving PET containers than 5 or 1-2.5 gallon high density polyethylene containers which use for home or office. The single PET container has been satisfied by the customers because they are convenience and portable. So it could be purchased from a convenience store.
One of the many uses of glass is to make containers such as bottles and jars for storing food and drinks. It has several advantages, and until recently, it was considered the best packaging material for almost any product.
However, the manufacturing industry mainly focuses on the quality and the cost of the product. “In order to comply with the environmental r...
With these being said, there is certainly a market for a bottle return business to flourish. Given that there is almost every junkshop in every corner, it also means that they are collecting scrap or used bottles. With them as an example, collecting 100 pieces of empty used bottles a day, multiplied by number of junkshops around, there is really hope. The key is to maximize the number of junkshops which exclusively sells bottles to you. If the number of exclusive bottle sellers increases, the business will be largely profitable. Statement of the Problem The main problem is whether establishing a glass bottle return business in the Philippines is feasible or not. The study should be able to answer the following questions: Marketing Aspect 1. How can we market our business? 2. Who is our target market? 3. What marketing strategies can we use? 4. How can we compete with competitors?
The concept of minimizing waste impacts in terms of quantity or ill-effects, by reducing quantity of wastes, reusing the waste products with simple treatments and recycling the wastes by using it as resources to produce same or modified products is usually referred to as “3R” (Shimizu, 2006). Purchasing and using resources with care can reduce the pace of consumption of resources and further connected energy and resources. Ultimately reducing wastes in multifold streams. When long lasting goods are reused time and again, it offsets harvesting of new similar or same products. This saves fresh resources exploitation and waste generation quantity. Some waste products can be consumed as resources for production of different goods or the same product, meaning recycling the same resource. This too saves fresh resources and offsets waste generation. All in all, the 3Rs individually or collectively saves fresh resources exploitation, add value to the already exploited resources and very importantly minimizes the waste quantity and its ill effects. Waste minimization efficiency is stated to be better achieved applying 3Rs in a hierarchical order; Reduce, Reuse and Recycle (Shimizu, 2006).
Plastic bottles are everywhere, whether they are soda bottles, water bottles or even reusable bottles. Each year the number of plastic bottles filling up landfills is increasing by a considerable amount, which is a serious problem and can result in grave consequences for the environment. The average time estimated for a plastic bottle to decompose is approximately seven hundred years. One way to solve this problem is to recycle plastic bottles into the polyester by a process called polymerization. A lot of textile industries select polyester as their choice of fibre and fabric. Polyester is extensively used in manufacturing all kinds of clothes and home furnishings. According to Kris Barber (2011, page2), it takes about three bottles to make
Today the consumerism plays an extremely important role in contemporary societies; consumerism has carried a part of the planet to the edge of Ecological, social and economic abyss, and every day becomes more evident. But naturally, it goes against a process that has become common in the daily life of people, The consumers need to advise about nature of the products, the value and the consequences of the consumption of certain products in the environment. One of the most creative ways to solve this problem is to minimize consumption of newly manufactured products, either by buying items with a longer shelf life or buying used items, new resources are not used in the manufacturing and industrial pollution and carbon dioxide will be lower. We can Recycling and reusing, also make reasonable use of natural resources, energy, and water, this contribute to the mitigation of climate impacts, will require manufacturers to use more sustainable technologies.
Environmental health has been a very important issue to talk about internationally these days. We, human beings are leading the earth toward its edge unconsciously. We are using natural resource more than we give to the Mother Nature. Day by Day, people are aware of what damage they do the environment, but they do not care of fixing this damage. In a very simple step, the road of a better healthy environment will begin; recycling is the best idea that illustrate the previous point. To Andrew Roper, recycling is the conversion of waste products into new materials, such as waste paper that can be converts into new paper goods (n.d). There are many types of recycling, for example, there are glass, paper, metal, plastics, textiles and electronics recycling (Evans , 2011). This research will focus on recycling papers in the United Arab Emirates, the benefits or recycling and its effect on the environment, the difficulties of recycling, the process of recycling paper, and the finals products of recycling.
There are also several long term benefits of recycling. For example, “collecting and processing secondary materials, manufacturing recy...
Believed to date back about as many as 5,000 years, the birth of glass had something to do with a copper-refining technique. Glass was reportedly generated when substances contained in fire clay, stone, and other materials in a copper refining kiln, started to melt and mix with each other at high temperature.
Recycling is of great importance, and its importance is economic and environmental. It preserves natural resources, reduces depletion, reduces the amount of waste, reduces its growth, conserves the environment, cleanses it of some harmful waste, reduces unemployment and creates opportunities. New work.