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Do pros outweigh cons with genetic modification
Do pros outweigh cons with genetic modification
Do pros outweigh cons with genetic modification
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Genetic engineering and its related fields have stimulated an extremely controversial scientific debate about cloning for the last decade. With such a wide range of public opinions, it is hard to find any middle ground. Some feel that improving the genes of future children will help mankind make a major evolutionary step forward. Others agree that there could be dangerous unforeseen consequences in our genetic futures if we proceed with such endeavors. A third group warns that the expense of genetic enhancement will further separate the wealthy from the poor and create a super race. Popular magazines and the Internet are two of the major arenas in which this debate has been hotly contested. Both of these media sources are utilized by a wide range of audiences, and thus present a wide range of arguments. However, because of their audiences, magazines tend to be more moderate in their opinions and in their presentation of information, while Internet sources tend to vary in their opinions as well as the information provided.
Depending on the magazine, the opinions of authors can be liberal, conservative, or anywhere in between. However, almost all mainstream publications place limits on how far left or right the opinions will reach. After a certain point, the magazine's potential audience begins to decrease rapidly and will not generate enough income to make a profit. Therefore, the most popular magazines (i.e. TIME, Newsweek) seek to present the most popular opinions. Some mainstream magazines extend to the far left (Sierra) or right (National Review), but they have a limited audience. In the interest of making a profit, marketing strategy is simply an issue of supply and demand. Thus, when thes...
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..." http://www.zolatimes.com/V5.1/genetic_enhancement.htm, January 1, 2001.
Costin, Joshua, "The Garry Laboratory Homepage," http://www.tulane.edu/~dmsander/GarryHomePage.html, November 29, 1995.
Human Genome Project. "Gene Therapy," http://genome/rtc/riken.go.jp/hgmis/medicine/genetherapy.html, September 27, 2001.
Mackey, Ian, "International Gene Therapy Sites," http://www.uq.edu.au/vdu/gtintlnk.htm, 2001.
Murray Co. "Should Humans be Cloned? Yes, of Course!" www.murrayco.com/forum/should_human_beings_be_cloned.hyml, April 8, 2001.
Reuters Ltd. "Gene therapy disappoints so farm US experts say. http://www.purefood.org/News/genether.html. 1997.
Ritchie, T; Assouline, J. "University of Iowa Center for Gene Therapy." http://genetherapy.genetics.uiowa.edu/. 2001.
USA Prescriptions Inc. "SafeWeb Medical." http://www.safewebmedical.com/. 2001.
The second article I have chosen to evaluate for this topic is The Designer Baby Myth written by Steven Pinker. This article starts off by explaining how many people fear the idea of genetic enhancement. Several citizens are concerned about creating the ultimate inequality or changing human nature itself. Many will say technology in medicine is increasing to the point where genetic improvement is inevitable. Steven presents his position on the matter in his thesis statement; “But when it come to direct genetic enhancement-engineering babies with genes for desirable traits-there are many reasons to be skeptical.” He makes it clear that genetic enrichment is not particularly inevitable or likely in our lifetime. He bases his skepticism around three sources; the limits of futurology, science of behavioral genetics, and human nature.
Advertising is form of communicating and using methods into getting the buyers to purchase a product. Cosmopolitan has done a good job in determining what readers and listeners want and need. Cosmopolitan is a magazine directed toward young people who have low self- confidence and low self-esteem and also who care about health and appearance. As Fowles said, “By giving form to people’s deep-lying desires and picturing states of being that individuals privately yearn for.” (Fowles, 137). All advertisers know who and what readers wish or long for.
To choose for their children, the world’s wealthy class will soon have options such as tall, pretty, athletic, intelligent, blue eyes, and blonde hair. Occasionally referred to as similar to “the eugenics of Hitler’s Third Reich” (“Designer Babies” n.p.), the new genetics technology is causing differences in people’s opinions, despite altering DNA before implantation is “just around the corner.” (Thadani n.p.). A recent advance in genetically altering embryos coined “designer babies” produces controversy about the morality of this process.
Children grow up watching movies such as Star Wars as well as Gattaca that contain the idea of cloning which usually depicts that society is on the brink of war or something awful is in the midsts but, with todays technology the sci-fi nature of cloning is actually possible. The science of cloning obligates the scientific community to boil the subject down into the basic category of morality pertaining towards cloning both humans as well as animals. While therapeutic cloning does have its moral disagreements towards the use of using the stem cells of humans to medically benefit those with “incomplete” sets of DNA, the benefits of therapeutic cloning outweigh the disagreements indubitably due to the fact that it extends the quality of life for humans.
Fear is something that has helped keep mankind and other animals alive. I believe that many of our fears have been caused by evolution. Take, for instance, some peoples fear of snakes. Many individuals hold a fear of them. For some their fear could have been triggered by an experience they had as a child, like stepping on a snake while playing in the backyard. However, for most individuals they do not have an actual reason for their fear other than their distaste for how they look and feel. Why could that be? Well at one-time human beings survived mostly outdoors without the protection of heavy duty shelters and were susceptible to snakes and other creatures. Not having scientists around to classify whether a snake was venomous or not, humans just became fearful of them all and either avoided or killed the snakes they came across. This behavior would then be passed on to their offspring and would continue down the line until individuals began to realize that snakes were not the biggest predator out there and their fears began to shrink. Nevertheless, that fear still lingers in the back of many individual’s minds and dictates how they react to snakes whether in real life or on screen. The evolution of fear is what has kept mankind alive and what will continue to keep mankind alive. Without it we would probably jump off that bridge with our friends or pet that cute little shark we see in the water next to
Hegel's philosophy of History, on of the greatest in the philosophy cannon, is the great philosophers greatest body of work. The philosophy of History is based on such ideals as the idea that Reason rules history. George Hegel used Immanuel Kant's system of philosophy as a basis for his own, discarding a few ideas and adding some more. Particularly, he found fault with his idea of the underlying reality of everything, or "noumena," can never be known. They exist in a plane outside of our own reality and understanding, and are therefore impossible to perceive and study, much like Plato's "forms." Hegel countered this notion with the phrase, "What is rational is real, and what is real is rational." He believed that the ability to be understood is a prequalification for something to exist. Also, Hegel completely reversed Kant's idea of the nature of truth. While Kant carefully listed and categorized the components of truth, Hegel stated that truth was an organic and dynamic process that is impossible to break into neat components. In fact, he claims that truth constantly changes and encompasses many contradictions. Truth, he says, comes about as a product of Geist, a German word that can be translated as mind, ghost, or God.
Genetic cloning has become an issue in these past years, and many questions have arisen due to this scientific breakthrough. As with any new technology, ethical and moral ideals have clashed between those who support it and those who favor the opposing side. The dispute involves what to do with our ability to clone and manipulate DNA of human beings, plants, and animals, and whether it is ethical for us to pursue research and experiments with genetics or whether it is people just playing "God". Genetic cloning is a problem because it splits the country and for many of its questionable natures causing people not to trust it. Yes, it is a proven fact that people are scared of what they do not know about, and with genetic cloning, they have a very good reason to be both scared and relieved.
Science and technology are rapidly advancing everyday; in some ways for the better, and in some, for worse. One extremely controversial advance is genetic engineering. As this technology has high potential to do great things, I believe the power genetic engineering is growing out of control. Although society wants to see this concept used to fight disease and illness, enhance people 's lives, and make agriculture more sustainable, there needs to be a point where a line is drawn.
One of the most complex and interesting aspects of cultural anthropology is the ethnography. The idea of being able to read stories about groups of individuals is something that is intriguing to many people. With the ethnography, the authors many times feel that they have control and understanding over the individuals that they are writing about. Furthermore, many of these authors assume that the individuals among whom they are living and studying exemplify the entire society as a whole. Ethnographers have used many different means of establishing their ethnographic authority. One such method is the use of reflexivity in the ethnography. Ethnographers such as Renato Rosaldo in his work Culture and Truth: The Remaking of Social Analysis and Bronislaw Malinowski in his work Argonauts of the Western Pacific assume their authority through the use of reflexivity. On the other hand, there are authors such as George E. Marcus in his work Ethnography Through Thick and Thin, who explain that reflexivity should be used as a means of demonstrating that one cannot assert such authority, and Dorinne Kondo, in her work Dissolution and Reconstruction of Self: Implications for Anthropological Epistemology, who use reflexivity to make a distinction between the ethnographer's role in the field, and the ethnographer’s role when writing the ethnography.
Genetic engineering has been around for many years and is widely used all over the planet. Many people don’t realize that genetic engineering is part of their daily lives and diet. Today, almost 70 percent of processed foods from a grocery store were genetically engineered. Genetic engineering can be in plants, foods, animals, and even humans. Although debates about genetic engineering still exist, many people have accepted due to the health benefits of gene therapy. The lack of knowledge has always tricked people because they only focused on the negative perspective of genetic engineering and not the positive perspective. In this paper, I will be talking about how Genetic engineering is connected to Brave New World, how the history of genetic engineering impacts the world, how genetic engineering works, how people opinions are influenced, how the side effects can be devastating, how the genetic engineering can be beneficial for the society and also how the ethical issues affect people’s perspective.
Fear can be caused by many different things and can be a result of different situations. “Fear is a primary emotion. It is an evolved and adaptive physiological response that occurs automatically in response to particular
All drugs, legal or illegal, are considered to be harmful to the fetus and should be taken with caution and under the doctor’s direct orders only. Drugs can be anything as simple as a cigarette to a major substance like heroin and cocaine. Most mothers who do drugs during their pregnancy don’t think about the detrimental effects they could be causing to their baby. Any amount of these forbidden substances can leave an everlasting effect on the precious defenseless baby. Most women know that when you are pregnant your hormones vary greatly, but when a woman is pregnant it also ...
One key method the participant observation, on one hand, is a characteristic of ethnography techniques, taking part in the events one is observing, describing, and analyzing in the daily life of a culture. The non-participant observation on the other hand, the ethnographic take part in the local life by just being around the native people to observe their normal daily.
Probably the greatest achievement in philosophy is for an individual to acknowledge the universal nature of the thing he desires to understand. The true form of an object is the universal nature of that object. The true form of an object, such as love, should remain constant throughout infinite perceptions of that object, such that two people will acknowledge the same form of that object at any point in time. Sure, people may experiences many types of love, as depicted in the phrase "love is in the eye of the beholder", but many philosophers will believe that the nature of love can be synonymous amongst all people. The form that the philosophers are looking for is an idea or recognition of love that coincides with its true objective form. But how does a philosopher reach this level of understanding? How does he transition himself from a personal love to a universal love? The philosophers, Pierre Hadot, Fernando Savater, and Socrates all take different approaches to finding the universal nature of life.
For this reason, at the beginning of the 20th century, ethnographic fieldwork had become essential to anthropology. Ethnography is a research strategy that uses both quantitative and qualitative research methods, and seeks to understand the culture through which members of a group perceive their world. Many ethnographers’ goals are to develop and transfer an excellent, “insider” perspective of people’s values, customs, behavior, and what drives it in. They notice interesting features of the culture in which they are studying. They also anticipate patterns among those events and explain those patterns and their importance to the readers. Their main goal is to understand another way of life from a native