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Effects of gender stereotyping in the workplace
Culture of explicit biases in the workplace
Effects of gender stereotyping in the workplace
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Gender
The most prominent cause indicated by the literature for women’s leadership gap is the gender stereotype. A stereotype is a prejudice as a simplified description about their qualities and characteristics applied to every person in some category (Gray, 2010). Hence, gender stereotypes are simplified descriptions regarding the attributes of men and women. These can be divided into two groups: descriptive and prescriptive gender stereotypes. Descriptive gender stereotypes portray what women and men are like, whereas prescriptive gender stereotypes portray what women and men should be like (Heilman, 2012).
Descriptive gender stereotypes. Literature regarding the descriptive gender stereotype is primarily focussed on the female gender stereotype and its complications. One of the most prominent theories, the Social Role Theory by Eagly (1987) states that women are expected to be communal whereas the defining characteristic for males is agency. Communal attributes describe a
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Bass and Avolio (1990) identified four dimensions of transformational leadership: the first one being idealized influence: hence the degree of inspirational behaviour that causes subordinates to identify with the leader. Secondly, inspirational motivation that encompasses the degree of inspiration subordinates gain from their leader’s vision. Thirdly, intellectual stimulation is the degree to which a leader encourages followers’ creativity. The last dimension, individualized consideration, describes the degree to which the leader coaches and listens to the subordinate. Bass (1985) claimed that transformational leaders are more effective than transactional leadership, as it increases followers’ confidence and causes higher motivation and higher organizational performance accordingly. The positive relation between transformational leadership and OCB has been supported empirically (Podsakoff, MacKenzie, Moorman, &
Stereotypes are beliefs that associate a whole group of people with certain traits, as stated in the book. Specifically, gender stereotypes is when there is a generalized view about roles that are considered to be possessed and performed by only men or women. Gender stereotypes can have a harmful impact on women’s achievements in their occupations. Currently, there has been an increase in women dominating work fields in which males were traditionally dominating. However, women still encounter many obstacles when achieving success in these fields because majority view female-dominated jobs such as nursing, teaching, and as secretaries that require more female physical and personality traits. Occupations such as being doctors, lawyers, and business executives are seen as male-dominated jobs and ones that require personality traits of men. It’s due to these stereotypical roles that have been set that both males and females show a bias towards male applicants in occupations of higher-reputation. So when it comes to who will be hired, males are preferred over females due to their masculine qualities, even though they have the same qualifications. In cases where females have been hired for these high positions, women are faced with other obstacles, such as having less authority, recognition, and salary compared to men. A study that was conducted of both male and female managers in 500 corporations showed that women still didn’t make as much money as men did, even though they were both equal when it came to their education, experience in similar fields, and had the same commitment. This relates to the dental health field, because according to the bureau of labor statistics, female dentist make less money compared to men and are seen as being less in charge. According to The Implications of Gender Stereotypes for the Dentist-Patient
In this time of transition and uncertainty, research suggests that transformational leadership is highly effective (Straight, 2006). Leadership research has drifted from emphasis on the competence of leaders to “manage change” to the ability to “transform” organizations. Transformational leaders have attributes and behaviors needed to successfully motivate and empower employees. According to Bernard Bass (1990), transformational leadership occurs when a leader transforms, or changes, his or her followers in three important ways that together result in followers trusting the leader, performing behaviors that contribute to the achievement of organizational goals, and being motivated to perform at a high level. Transformational leaders can achieve greater performance by stimulating innovative ways of thinking and transforming follower’s beliefs and aspirations. Maxwell (Maxwell, 2007) articulates that most of the time, influence is more important than formal power or authority. I agree with him. Influence is very important in organizational and co...
Girls are supposed to play with dolls, wear pink, and grow up to become princesses. Boys are suppose to play with cars, wear blue, and become firefighters and policemen. These are just some of the common gender stereotypes that children grow up to hear. Interactions with toys are one of the entryway to different aspects of cognitive development and socialism in early childhood. As children move through development they begin to develop different gender roles and gender stereotypes that are influenced by their peers and caregivers. (Chick, Heilman-Houser, & Hunter, 2002; Freeman, 2007; Leaper, 2000)
Changes in society have brought issues regarding gender stereotype. Gender roles are shifting in the US. Influences of women’s movement (Firestone, Firestone, & Catlett, 2006) and gender equality movement (e.g., Obergefell v. Hodges (2015)) have contributed to expanding social roles for both genders. Nevertheless, gender stereotypes, thus gender stereotype roles continue to exist in the society (Skelly & Johnson, 2011; Wood & Eagly, 2010). With changes in gender roles, pervasiveness of gender stereotype results in a sense of guilt, resentment, and anger when people are not living up to traditional social expectations (Firestone, Firestone, & Catlett, 2006). Furthermore, people can hold gender stereotype in pre-reflective level that they may
The work's topicality is characterized by the existence of the gender stereotypes in society, having generalization, and does not reflect individual differences in the human categories. Meanwhile, there is still discrimination on the labour market, human trafficking, sexual harassment, violence, women and men roles and their places in the family. Mass media offers us the reality, reduces the distance, but we still can see the negative aspects too. TV cultivates gender stereotypes, offering ideas about gender, relationships and ways for living. Such media ideas attach importance to many people in the society. Consequently, it is quite important identify gender stereotypes in the media, in order to prevent false views relating to gender stereotypes.
Initially, transactional and transformational leadership are different in terms of implementation and its outcomes. However, transformational leadership was developed from transactional leadership (Downton, 1973). Bass (1985) defined transactional leadership as an exchange activity that leaders execute to motivate subordinates in order to achieve their tasks by giving out reward or punishment correspond with their performance. Additionally, active and passive management by exception are taken into account when it comes to misconception and faults. Bass (1985) stated that transformational leadership emphasizes the value of subordinates, encourages them to perform extra effort, and assures their comprehension on organization’s goals and objectives. Besides, idealised influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulatio...
First we need to examine the cases where this is present. Less obvious stereotypes are those of women. Women?s roles in society have changed throughout the times. Are the...
I believe the biggest stereotype about genders in the work place is that men are superior. Many people believe that men should always lead the pack and do the harder task no matter what the women want. I believe this action ultimately limits women development and limits what kind of skill set they can go. In order to continue developing skills in life a person will need to take on different tasks whether it's in the workplace or a life skill different tasks need to be achieved in order to enhance that skill. In a workplace stereotype some people will not achieve all the skills they can as they will be limited to a degree due to an upper figure such as a manager not allowing them to continue on and advance their place due to a stereotype.
Everybody is born and made differently, but one thing is similar, our gender. We are born either male or female, and in society everybody judges us for our gender. This is called gender roles; societies expecting you to act like a male or female (Rathus, 2010). Some people say, “act like a lady,” or “be a man,” these are examples of how gender roles work in our everyday lives. In society when we think stereotypes, what do we think? Many think of jocks, nerds, or popular kids; gender stereotyping is very similar. Gender stereotypes are thoughts of what the gender is supposed to behave like (Rathus, 2010). One example of a gender stereotype for a man would be a worker for the family, and a women stereotype would be a stay at home mom. Though in todays age we don’t see this as much, but it is still around us. In different situations both gender roles and stereotypes are said and done on a daily basis and we can’t avoid them because everyone is different.
Women one step below men. Stereotypes are assumptions about a group of people based on their age, gender, and race. They have been around since Earth was created because it helps to make the world more predictable. Society creates stereotypes because it helps them better understand the world around them. women in the workplace are a group in today's society that is constantly being stereotyped for their gender. They are perceived as being weak minded, bossy, overly emotional, and unintelligent, but society needs to better understand them because they are powerful individuals that can do much more than cook, clean and give birth.
This paper explores various facets of gender roles in order to understand this topic such as what role males and females are expected to play in today's society, how gender roles are decided, affected and exaggerated by stereotyping. Futhermore, this paper will draw attention towards how stereotyping leads to gender biases.
Research on gender stereotypes show that women are perceived being more communal (caring, dependant) whereas men are more agentic (independent, ambitious), in addition, Trier-Bieniek and Leavy (2014) warn of the danger of gender stereotypes as they become overgeneralised and oversimplified, offering normative representations. Because gender stereotypes define desirable traits, behaviours, and roles for men and women, they serve as a class of beliefs that contain both descriptive and prescriptive elements for who they ‘should be’ as well as ‘should not be’ (Prentice and Carranza, 2002). Rudman (1998) argued that gender counter-stereotypical behaviour may result in social and economic punishments, colloquially known as backlash, and since women are considered to be less competent, less ambitious and dependant figures, they may be disregarded for leadership positions unless they present themselves as atypical women; being held back by stereotypes can be considered one of the forms backlash takes, as a barrier to gender
Gender stereotyping has been ongoing throughout history. The media has been distorting views by representing gender unrealistically and inaccurately. It created an image of what "masculinity" or "femininity" should be like and this leads to the image being "naturalized" in a way (Gail and Humez 2014). The media also attempts to shape their viewers into something ‘desirable’ to the norm. This essay will focus on the negative impacts of gender-related media stereotypes by looking at the pressures the media sets on both women and men, and also considering the impacts on children.
The stereotypes of females are not all right. For females, it is said that they are not aggressive and dependent on the opposing gender, but that isn’t true. According to my research there are many women who are looked down upon because they don’t want to be submissive, and that also is a common stereotype shared with women. Another stereotype is that women are easily influenced. Also so women are said to be gentle, home-oriented, easily hurt emotionally, talkative,their favorite color is pink and that they enjoy things that a pink small and cute like dolls, plushies, and etc. The most common stereotype about women is that women can only cook and clean. That are some of the most common stereotypes about women, on to males.
Starting at a young age girls and boys are given a specific category to fit in without giving them a choice to choose what kind of toys they want to play with. Right when the doctor tells the parents about the gender of their child, they immediately start planning a baby shower themed in blue for a boy and pink for a girl. Girls are taught to play with dolls while boys are given cars. The way media separates responsibilities determined by gender is wrong.