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Gender Dysphoria in children, adolescents and adults I. What is Gender Dysphoria? It is important to understand the difference between gender and sex. The English language defines “sex” by using the anatomy that an individual is born with. In other words, the reproductive organs that makes someone female or male. “Sex” also includes the chromosomes that someone obtains to make them male or female, the different gonads, sex hormones and the inner and outer genitalia. When defining gender dysphoria and its connection to sex. Within the gender dysphoria disorder, which is a sex disorder, there are other developments that affect the normal and natural indications of each sex assignments. The use of “cross-sex” hormones, are very popular when someone is trying to masculinize or feminize the individuals original gender. According to the DSM-5, gender dysphoria is “the distress that may accompany the incongruence between one’s experienced or expressed gender and one’s assigned gender” (American Psychological Association, 2013). Even though studies have shown that not every individual suffers from distress, it is still possible that an individual might suffers from distress due to the hormonal treatment or surgical procedure(s). In the past, gender dysphoria has been referred to as “gender identity”. However, gender identity, by the DSM-IV definition is “a category of social identity and refers to an individual’s identification as male, female, or occasionally, some category other than male or female” (American Psychological Association, 2000). Individuals that identify themselves with another gender tend to change their sex, which has been proven to be a hard and long process. II. Procedures, Outcomes, and Effects Studies hav... ... middle of paper ... ...s. However, why should people that feel a certain way be discriminated and exiled for not fitting into the categories step in place. Works Cited Cohen-Kettenis, P. T., Schagen, S. E., Steensma, T. D., Vries, A. L., & Waal, H. A. (2011). Puberty Suppression in a Gender-Dysphoric Adolescent: A 22-Year Follow-Up. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 40(4), 843-847. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5. (5th ed.). (2013). Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV-TR. (4th ed.). (2000). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Gender dysphoria . (n.d.). Gender dysphoria. Retrieved April 1, 2014, from http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Gender-dysphoria/Pages/Introduction.aspx Shainess, N. (1969). The formation of gender identity. Journal of Sex Research, 5(2), 75-85.
The medicalization of transgender tendencies, under what was Gender Identity Disorder, was demoralizing to all transgender people. This resulted in a form of structured and institutionalized inequality that made an entire group of people internalize their problems, making them question not only their own identity, but also their sanity. Therefore, the removal of this disorder from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) in 2013 and the newest editions was important in that it shows society’s recognition and acceptance of the transgender
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
What is Gender Dysphoria? A clinical definition may be, “The condition of feeling one 's emotional and psychological identity as male or female to be opposite to one 's biological sex.” There is a growing amount of scientific research that suggests gender identity develops at a very early age. So, what are the ethical considerations of gender-reassignment treatments for minors suffering from gender dysphoria? Children can be diagnosed with GD as early as age five. Following, most girls start puberty when they are between the ages of eight and thirteen years old. Then, most boys start puberty when they are between the ages of ten and fifteen years old.
Gender Dysphoria was previously referred to as Gender Identity Disorder or transsexuals and is characterized by “a marked incongruence between one’s experienced or expressed gender and one’s assigned gender as a male or female” (Sue, Sue, Sue and Sue, 2014, p. 363). Using an article written for the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing (2012), “Gender Dysphoria in Children: Let’s Think This Through” written by Hein and Kathrene Berger, and our text, “Invitation to the Lifespan (2014)” by Kathleen Stassen Berger, we will expand upon the effects of what was proposed in the article and it would affect a child. Although highly controversial, Hein and Berger argue against diagnosing a child with GD providing several key points, while
The American Psychological Association states that they recognize that gender nonconformity itself is not a mental disorder and what makes it a disorder is the presence of significant distress associated with the condition. As we have learned in class, something becomes diagnosed if it interferes with the patient’s everyday life. Gender Dysphoria has to be present for 6 or more months in order to be diagnosed and there must be a “marked difference between the individuals expressed/experienced gender and the genders others would assign him or her (DSM-V, APA).” Gender Dysphoria was added to the DSM-V as an effort to remove some stigma associated with the diagnosis. Previously called “Gender Identity Disorder,” Gender Dysphoria is “intended to
In 2006, an unidentified individual who had a disorder of sexual development underwent sexual reassignment surgery (SRS) to go from male genitalia to female genitalia. Initially the individual was described as having a large penis and elevated testosterone levels, he was also labeled as having confusing genitalia—the individual was intersex. There was a vaginal opening and ovarian tissue, which is why the doctors and parents took four months to do the surgery and the individual was 16 months old when the surgery happened. Similar to David, this person also identified as male despite being raised female for five and a half years. Also similar to David, this person expressed differentiating behaviors from their assigned SRS; however, in contrast this person came out earlier, at the age of seven. The unidentified person’s parents sued the medical facility that carried out the SRS for malpractice. That year there were 139 clitoral reduction surgeries and in 2009 there were 156 (Greenfield, 2014). It is still debated what the moral or correct course of action is for intersex
According to the textbook, the term Gender Dysphoria means “biological sex and gender identity do not match, thus leading to distress and impairment” (Chapter 8, pg.279). The textbook also discusses how “children with Gender Dysphoria is apparent in repeated statements that the child wants to be the opposite sex or is the opposite sex; cross-dressing in clothing stereotypical of the other sex and how the child has persistent fantasies of being the opposite sex such as; pretend play or activities associated with the opposite sex” (Chapter 8, pg. 279). However; the textbook also mentions how “people with gender dysphoria have persisted discomfort with their own sex” (Chapter 8, pg. 279).
According to an article “Somewhere Under The Rainbow: Exploring The Identities And Experiences of Trans people the term is an “Adjective to describe a diverse group of individuals who cross or transcend culturally defined categories of gender. The gender identity of transgender people differs to varying degrees from the sex they were assigned at birth.”(Dargie 61) We are all born with a gender either male or female. Those who are transgender are born feeling as though they were born with the wrong gender, causing a great deal of stress. A term used for those who are confused about their gender is gender dysphoria. Dargie states the definition of gender dysphoria as “Distress that is caused by a discrepancy between a person’s gender identity and that person’s sex assigned at birth”(61). These terms are important to understand because it gives an understanding of what a transgender person really
Gender Dysphoria- formally known as Gender Identity Disorder (GID) is “a persistent unease with having the physical characteristics of one's gender, accompanied by a strong identification with the opposite gender and a desire to live as or to become a member of the opposite gender” (Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers, 2007). In accordance with the Standards for Treatment of Prisoners,...
Transsexuals see themselves as an actual man or women. The don’t realized that no matter what they do to change their sex, some in society will still see them as that man or women their were born as . For society, the topic of reverse gender is complex with various emotions. Moreover, individuals frequently marked them as misfits, not understanding the genuine essence of being man or woman. There are many arguments that state, psychological disorders do not change a person gender, no matter how trapped they might seem, as
...chiatric Association. (2012). “Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders” (4th Ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
Gender Dysphoria is discomfort with one’s sex-relevant physical characteristics or with one’s assigned gender (Hooley, Butcher, Nock & Mineka, 2017, p 457). It can be very uncomfortable to be unhappy with your assigned gender. There are many people who feel as though they don’t fit in. Societal Norms can determine and encourage how different sexes should act or behave. There are individuals who struggle with their assigned gender and work towards having it changed. This paper will look into the life of Gwen as she discussed her gender change.
As early as the age of four (Vitale, 1996), some children begin to realize that the gender their body tells them they are, and the gender their mind tells them they are don't correspond. The sense of gender and the anatomical sex of a person mature at different times and different regions of the body (Vitale, 1997b). Sometimes the gendermap, the template within the mind of a person that codes for masculinity, femininity and androgyny doesn’t coincide with the body of the individual (Vitale, 1997a). This condition is commonly referred to as Gender Identity Disorder (GID). GID is characterized by unrelenting confusion or discomfort of one's own gender.
Transsexual individuals encounter a sexual orientation character that is conflicting with, or not socially connected with, their appointed sex, and yearning to forever move to the sex with which they distinguish, generally looking for therapeutic help, including hormone substitution treatment and other sex reassignment treatments, to offer them some assistance with aligning their body with their recognized sex or sex. Transsexual is by and large considered a subset of transgender, yet some transsexual individuals dismiss the mark of transgender. A medicinal finding of sex dysphonia can be made if a man communicates a craving to live and be acknowledged as an individual from their distinguished sex, or if a man encounters impeded working or trouble as an aftereffect of their sex character.
Swaab, D. F. & Garcia-Falgueras, A. (2009). Sexual differentiation of the human brain in relation to gender identity and sexual orientation. Functional Neurology, 24(1), 17-28.