Gallium
1871 Dmitrii Ivanovich Mendelev predicts the existance and properties of the element after zinc in the periodic table. He Gives it the name "eka aluminium".
1875 Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran discovers gallium. Its properties closely match those predicted by Mendelev.
Gallium, atomic number 31, is very similar to aluminum in its chemical properties. It does not dissolve in nitric acid because of the protective film of gallium oxide that is formed over the surface by the action of the acid.
Gallium does however dissolve in other acids, and alkalies.
Gallium was discovered (1875) by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran, who observed its principal spectral lines
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Soon after he isolated the metal studied its properties, which coincided those that Dmitrii Ivanovich Mendelev had predicted a few years earlier for eka-aluminium, the then undiscovered element lying between aluminum and indium in his periodic table.
Though widely distributed at the Earth's surface, gallium does not occor free or concentrated in independant minerals, except for gallite. It is extracted as a by-product from zinc blende, iron pyrites, bauxite, and germanite. Silvery white and soft enough to be cut with a knife, gallium takes on a bluish tinge because of superficial oxidation. Unusual for its low melting point ( about 30 degrees C, 86 degrees F ), gallium also expands upon solidification and supercools readily, remaining a liquid at temperatures
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The crystal structure of gallium is orthorhombic. Natural gallium consists of a mixture of two stable isotopes: gallium-69 ( 60.4 percent ) and gallium-71 (39.6 percent ).
Somewhat similar to aluminum chemically, gallium slowly oxidizes in moist air until a protective film forms, and it becomes passive in cold nitric acid. Gallium has been considered as a possible heat-exchange medium in nuclear reactors, although it has a high neutron cross section. Radioactive gallium-72 shows some promise in the study of bone cancer; a compound of this isotope is absorbed by the cancerous portion of the bone.
The most common use of gallium is in a gallium scan. Gallium scans are often used to diagnose and follow the progression of tumors or infections.
Gallium scans can also be used to evaluate the heart, lungs, or any other organ that may be involved with inflammatory disease.
A gallium scan usually requires two visits to the Nuclear Medicine
Department. On the first day you recieve an injection in a vein in your arm, you will then be scheduled to return beetween 2 and 5 days later, depending
They endured extreme cold weather inside their home. “it got so cold in the house icicles hung from [their] kitchen ceiling. The water in the sink turned into a solid block of ice” (176). That’s not even the worse of it, when the pipes froze like that they had to melt snow and the icicles on their stove for source water. They fought over the dogs too because they kept them warm. The poor children were even force to walk around in their home and go to bed with their coats on (176). Their house was shabbier than ever and falling apart every step they took due to their unfortunate conditions of termites. Also, they had a toilet that didn’t work causing them to throw this waste outside in a hole in the back of their home. Imagine extreme conditions outside and you have to go out there because you have to throw out your waste.
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Jennifer has come to the community mental health center to discuss a situation in which she feels she has been sexually assaulted and possibly even raped, although she hesitates to use this latter word to describe her situation. She expresses her discomfort in having to come to a community mental health clinic, yet she reports that since the incident, she has had trouble sleeping and eating, upholding her work responsibilities, attending her college
Growing up as a young boy in Scotland, Carnegie's family was not very wealthy. They immigrated to America where Carnegie went from working as a bobbin boy, making $1.20 per hour, to making millions of dollars later in his life. Carnegie did not become wealthy by unethical means, as a Robber Baron would. Instead he worked very hard and wise to get to where he was during that time. Andrew Carnegie came from "rags to riches" in his lifetime and it paid off.
Andrew carnegie was an obvious Captain of Industry. He was born into a family that was very poor, his father was a weaver that nothing big was expected to come from little Andrew. However, soon came the Industrial revolution, and with that, came more machinery. So much machinery in fact, that Carnegie’s dad got replaced and fired from his weaving job, because of these machines. Soon, his father found himself begging for jobs to be able to help his family. The family became so poor in fact that Carnegie's mother had to start working to help support the family.Carnegie once said "I began to learn what poverty meant."
However, individuals such as Henry Comstock and Andrew Carnegie believed that individuals who had power should only care for the poor only when the rich felt like it was appropriate to step in and “save” the day. On the other hand, individuals
When Socrates asks Euthyphro to define the word pious he dodges the question and rather gives an explanation of what being pious is. Socrates is trying to figure out if it was a good thing for Euthyphro to turn in his own father. Euthyphro then says that any of the gods won’t care if they (humans) care for them. And with that said that would mean “pious is pious because it’s loved by the gods” (Prompt). It won’t matter if a citizen worships the gods or if they do what is right or wrong; in the end, the gods aren’t affected by it at all. Turning, Euthyphro’s father in is wrong for the reason that the gods don’t care what he did, because it doesn’t affect them. If Euthyphro would have kept the secret about his father, then Euthyphro could’ve protected him and lied for his father because it’s his father. The majority of people would say it was morally wrong to turn in their fathers, because it’s their fathers and they could protect them. If he actually loved him, then he wouldn’t have done that. But since, he did do it, then that would mean that he cares for the law much
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Socrates’s argument that what is holy and what is approved of by the gods are not the same thing is convincing because they both are two different things. Like Socrates stated in EUTHYPHRO, “Is the pious being loved by the gods because it is pious, or is it pious because it is being loved by the gods?” This connects back to Socrates argument because it states that the gods choose what is pious because they love it or is it pious because it being loved be the gods. The gods are determining the definition of pious instead of letting it be defined. In a way they are changing the definition of it because their peers will look up to them and follow what they have to say. Socrates arguments relate to this because if the gods don’t approve of something
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Man in his original state is inherently good, but is corrupted by the “progress” of society. For Rousseau, the societal ascent of our species is paralleled by our moral descent. Through the development of civilization, our individual and autonomous will become entangled with the wills of all others, until we ultimately lose our freedom since we are dependent on the will of others. Rousseau’s formulization of the social contract sought to reconcile individual autonomy with political society. The “general will” is the vehicle by which freedom and political authority can be synthesized. Consequently, “amore propre”, the idea of self-love which is at the root of human vice come be replaced with “amore-de-soi” which would free one’s individual will from its entanglement with others and achieve true