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Language development in children observation and assessment
Child language acquisition quiz
Language development in children observation and assessment
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The Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation, 3rd edition (GFTA-3) assesses children’s articulation of consonant sounds of Standard American English. In this test, it provides a sampling of spontaneous and imitative sound production. A child is attempting to produce and imitate the target phonemes in their appropriate age. Raw score is the total number of articulation errors. Standard scores are shown that an average range, confidence interval as well as percentile. The test requires the examinee to imitate the syllables, words, sentences as well as verbally label the pictures. Yuen responded to each item exceed the standard time, but he completed the assessment. In the Sounds-in-Words subtest, Yuen received a raw score of 37, standard score of 54, and percentile rank of <1. Please refer to the provided document for further explanation about interpreting scores.
The results of the GFTA-3 indicate that his phonemic repertoire is below average for her chronological age. Further analysis, he demonstrated difficulty with fricative phonemes produced by forcing air through a narrow channel. The other phonemes which produced in error placement of the articulators from interdental, to palatal, to velar, and to labiodental sounds. He was not able to produce correct sounds follow direct instruction by
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The purpose of the test is to identify expressive and receptive language skills in play, gestures, attention, vocabulary as well as social communication. The test consists of two standardized scales which are auditory comprehension (AC) and expressive communication (EC). The examinee was required to point out the picture symbols in their appropriate age. Yuen was able to complete the assessment. He responded to each item. Table 2, 3, and 4 list the score of the Total Language, Auditory Comprehension, and Expressive
Specific prompts, sample and teaching items individualize the administration and ensure low scores are not due to the subject’s failure to understand the standardized instructions. The KTEA-3 continues to use item blocks, based on educational level, for the Reading Comprehension, Listening Comprehension, Written Expression, and Oral Expression subtests with instructions for establishing a basal. The KTEA-3 utilizes only a suggested order of subtest administration; only two of the subtests (i.e., Letter & Word Recognition before Word Recognition Fluency and Nonsense Word Decoding before Decoding Fluency) have a designated order as a minimum level of performance on the former ensures the examinee has the requisite skills to complete the latter. See Table 1 for a summary of the KTEA-3 test and composite
Both subtests were timed. No relative strengths or weaknesses were noted. On the nonsense word decoding subtest, Olivia showed below average ability (standard score 71; percentile rank 3rd). No strengths or weaknesses were noted. Olivia scored in the below average range on the Sound-Symbol Composite assessment (4th percentile; standard score 74).
Establishment consisted of teaching the children correct placement of articulators to produce the targeted speech sound across all word positions. The randomized-variable practice began once the child could produce the sound 80% of the time in certain syllables. It usually took children 1-5 sessions to complete the establishment phase. Random teaching tasks such as imitated single syllables, imitated single words, nonimitated single words, imitated two-to-four word phrases, nonimitated two-to-four word phrases, imitated sentences, nonimitated sentences, and storytelling or conversations were selected in the second phase. Participants remained in this phase until they obtained 80% mastery across two
Goal: In 6 weeks, with a treatment frequency of 5 hours a week, mrs. K. speaks words with velar sounds (/ng/ /g/ /k/) in a 1-to-1 conversation with an acquaintance in an intelligible way.
Dillon, Naomi. “LANGUAGE TEST. (cover story).” American School Board Journal 192.8 (2005): 10. MasterFILE Premier. EBSCO. Web. 18 Feb. 2001.
Giannakopoulou, A., Uther, M., & Ylinen, S. (2013). Enhanced plasticity in spoken language acquisitiopn for child learners: Evidence from phonetic training studies in child and adult learners of english. Child Language Teaching and Therapy, 29(2), 201-218. doi: 10.1177/0265659012467473
The mind of an infant and toddler is a sponge to language. Whether or not the child is able to speak, their brain is rehearsing and affirming the linguistic structures they hear, and the period of baby talk—called “babbling”—is a crucial time of experimentation with sound. During this time, the child will babble while in social situations in order to see which phonological structures receive positive responses from their parents—i.e. which combinations of sounds elicit responses. If a child cannot hear the sounds that their language offers, the child does not have the opportunity to babble. A child with significant hearing loss will still make sounds in infancy, but will quickly cease due to the lack of response and the fact that they cannot hear the sounds they are making and so cannot affirm them for themselves.
Introduction This research is intended to analyze the transcript of a child’s speech. The target child is a female named Majorie, who is 2 years and 3 months old. The transcript is from The Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology. The linguistic aspects that will be examined are the phonological processes of the child, including speech errors, syllable shapes, and her phonetic inventory consisting of manner and place of articulation.
Denis Burnham is a professor and Director of the MARCS Auditory Laboratories at the University of Western Sydney. This research article focuses primarily on Infant-Directed Speech (IDS) and Pet-Directed Speech (PDS). Dr. Burnham hypothesized that humans speak in manners specific to their intended audience and that mothers, in most languages, hyperarticulate vowels to assist their babies in attaining native language vowels. In this study the pitch, affect, and vowel hyperarticulation of twelve mothers was investigated via the use of a lapel microphone. The mothers were asked to play with the words of three provided toys (sheep, shoe, and shark). They directed this speech in fifteen minute increments throughout their day to their infant, pet, and an adult. Dr. Burnham was investigating the similarities and differences that existed in pet-directed, infant-directed, and adult-directed speech. The results of the test proved that infant and pet directed speech are indeed similar and yet quite different from adult-directed speech. Mothers hyperarticulate vowels when speaking with their infants and not when speaking with their pets. Dr. Burnham believes that this occurs because mothers take into consideration both the linguistic and emotional needs of their audience during discourse.
... role of infant-directed speech with a computer model. Acoustical Society of America, 4(4), 129-134.
Conversations in CT are also less logical, with easy flow between topics, as opposed to AT where conversations are sequential and structured around one topic. It is especially important that preschoolers be taught to think and speak more inferentially, a quality of AT that is particular struggle. One final example of the many van Kleeck (2014) provides is the necessity for children to learn some level of the “cognitive processes” used in school, such as metalanguage vocabulary like “word, letter, sound…” a necessary component to education (van Kleeck 734). While no test has been developed that specifically tests mastery of AT and CT in preschool aged children, there are a few methods of testing AT and CT. Blank et al (2003) cited by van Kleeck (2014) developed a test designed to assess use of inferential language, while Uccelli et al (2014) cited by van Kleeck (2014) developed a method of testing school
These three groups were then asked to complete three different tasks. The first was to repeat and segment 20 different words (5 consonant-vowel-consonant, 5 CCVC, 5 CVCC, and 5 CCVCC) and two overall scores were administered to the participants. Both scores were out of a maximum of 20 points; the first score was based on giving 1 point for each correctly analyzed word, and the second score was based on giving 1 point for correctly analyzing medial vowels.
Explicit instruction is another approach that involves the modelling of a sound by the teacher, the production of the sound by the student, the direct teaching of phonological awareness skills and the use of concrete representation and scaffolding of difficult areas. Teaching phonemic awareness together with letter-sound correspondences is learned more efficiently when presented in conjunction with letter-sound correspondences (Module 2 Unit 2 Pgs.
Music plays a predominant role in the part of learning. Singing songs rhythmically with actions could help children pronounce
Consonants are described in accordance with three main parameters and any change in one of these parameters can result in a change of the sound and this leads to a change of the meaning of words. It is defined as the point where the airflow is obstructed and where a sound is produced (Ahmed, 2004: 17). The place of articulation (Makhraj) is defined as the point where the sound is produced (Al-Bisher, 2000: 180). There are many terms of the place of articulation as “MaKhraj”, initiator (Al-Mubda), the flow (Al-Majra) which is used by many classic Arab phoneticians. While the modern phoneticians use the terms” the place or point of articulation" and “the location of articulation” (Al- Joburi, 2004: 2-5).